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From the shady and complicated Rumpelstiltskin to the born-again hero of Captain Hook in Once Upon a Time, as well as films which magnify the male character such as The Huntsman: Winter's War, Tangled, Frozen, and Tim Burton's Alice in Wonderland, the male fairy tale character has received increased attention in fictional narratives over the past decade. For the first time, Gender and the Male Character in 21st Century Fairy Tale Narratives extends this attention into the realm of academic study. Featuring differing perspectives and disciplines, including gender, queer, fan, and television and film studies, chapters take an interdisciplinary approach to analyse male characters through lenses such as race, disability, class, religion, and sexuality. Contributors unveil alternative conceptualisations of ‘traditional'male fairy tale characters, weaving a rich story of the interaction between popular culture, gender representation, power, and society. Putting Prince Charming in the academic spotlight, this collection examines the evolution of male fairy tale characters across modern series and films to bridge a gap that afflicts multiple disciplines.

This contributed volume provides a comprehensive, in-depth and subject-based reviews on the current status of active ingredients, sustainable use, biodiversity and conservation of certain endangered medicinal plants. The book also explores conventional and non-conventional biotechnological interventions for their biodiversity conservation. Medicinal plants have been used in worldwide as a major source of raw material for the traditional herbal healthcare practices as well as for drug discovery and development in pharmaceutical industry. The cumulative consequences of various human activities and environmental factors cause decline in the biodiversity of medicinal plants at an unprecedented rate worldwide. Thus, the overall understanding of ecology, species and genetic diversity along with assessment of the status of different threats and their impact on medicinal plants is crucial to sustain existing biodiversity, its utilization and conservation. All the latest advancements in the biotechnological approaches for the conservation research of endangered medicinal plants and the future perspectives have been described. This book provides comprehensive reviews spreading over about 25 chapters divided in three sections. The chapters of this book are written by recognized scientists in their respective fields which are useful to students, academicians, researchers, botanists, biotechnologists, policy makers, conservationists and industries interested in biodiversity conservation and medicinal plant research for the production of secondary metabolites.

This book provides a broad overview of the chemicals in food that have the potential to induce adverse health effects. Nutritional Toxicology is an interaction of nutrition, toxicology, biochemistry and food science, etc. Its main research scope involves the effects of nutrients on metabolisms of toxicants and their mechanisms, the interaction of the toxicants and contaminants originated from diet with nutrients and nutrition process, the adverse health outcome of nutrients excess, as well as methodology of research and related food and nutrition regulation process. Also the risk assessment of toxicants and contaminants in foods, and risk benefit assessment of nutrients (dietary supplementation) has become an emerging topic. This book provides novel and provocative insights into the fields of nutrition, food science and toxicology. It also offers a state-of-the-art report on recent discoveries concerning nutritional toxicology and where the field is going. It mainly focuses on advances made over the past 20 years. It will benefit graduate students, researchers and food and nutrition related regulation parties.

This book describes the growing clinical and healthcare relevance of nano-therapeutics in treating respiratory diseases. It begins with a brief introduction on the different types of nanoparticles in respiratory disease conditions. It further discusses the current trends in understanding the disease pathology using different in vitro and in vivo models, which are important towards the onsite clinical applications and development of new therapeutics. The book includes exciting topics such as formulation of these nanoparticles, targeting various organelles etc. It also describes the future prospects and challenges in the field. Different chapters are written by researchers actively working in the area of pulmonary diseases. This book is designed to address the requirements of both beginners and specialized scientists involved in pulmonary research. The contents include basic concepts followed by advanced state-of-art monitoring and treatment of diseases. The book is meant for researchers and industry experts in nanotechnology, pharmaceutical sciences and drug design.

Chronic Cough is the 20th volume of the Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine series. It provides a multi-faceted'whole evidence'analysis of the management of chronic cough, including cough variant asthma, upper airways cough syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease in Chinese medicine. Evidence from the classical Chinese medicine literature, contemporary clinical literature, the outcomes of clinical trials and experimental studies are reviewed, analysed and synthesised. The data from all these sources are condensed to provide evidence-based summaries and identity implications for the clinical practice of Chinese medicine and for future research. This book can inform clinicians and students in the fields of integrative medicine and Chinese medicine regarding contemporary practice and the current evidence base for a range of Chinese medicine therapies used in the management of chronic cough, including herbal formulas and acupuncture treatments, in order to assist clinicians in making evidence-based decisions in patient care.Currently, Chinese medicine practitioners who develop a special interest in a particular health condition, such as chronic cough need to consult a diversity of resources to expand their knowledge. Such sources typically included specialty books and journal articles sourced from biomedical databases published in Chinese and English. However, not all practitioners have access to such sources to obtain information on the evidence-based management of chronic cough. By providing all this information in one handy, easy to use reference, this book allows practitioners to focus on providing high quality health care, with the knowledge it is based on the best available evidence.

Retinoids are valuable drugs in the dermatologic armamentarium, being employed in daily clinical practice. The text provides an in-depth update on the latest thinking on pharmacology, clinical use, side effects, and follow-up of retinoid therapy in dermatology; it also addresses topics related to retinoid use in special circumstances, such as vulnerable populations, concomitant surgery, and aesthetic procedures.CONTENTS: The background of retinoids • Mechanism of action of vitamin A • Mechanism of action of topical retinoids • Mechanism of action of isotretinoin • Mechanism of action of acitretin • Mechanism of action of bexarotene • Mechanism of action of alitretinoin • Effects of retinoids at the cellular level (differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle regulation, and senescence) • Effects of retinoids at the systemic level • New aspects of isotretinoin teratogenicity • Mucocutaneous side effects • Ophthalmologic side effects • Musculoskeletal side effects • Neurologic side effects • Psychiatric side effects • Gastrointestinal side effects • Endocrine and metabolic side effecs • Other systemic side effects: Cardiovascular, pulmonary, otolaryngorhinologic, genitourinary, renal, and immunologic • Retinoids in acne • Retinoids in hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa • Retinoids in rosacea • Retinoids in hair disorders • Retinoids in psoriasis • Retinoids in keratinization disorders • Retinoids in antiaging therapy • Retinoids in other skin diseases • Retinoids in lymphoma • Retinoids in cutaneous chemoprophylaxis • Guide to good clinical practice for vulnerable populations (infancy, childhood, fertile period, elderly) • Retinoids and concomitant surgery • Retinoids and concomitant aesthetic procedures • Laboratory and clinical follow-up • Teratogenicity and registry programs • Management of vitamin A and retinoid side effects • Future and novel unexplored indications of retinoidsPublished in association with the Journal of Dermatological Treatment.

Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine: Adult Asthma provides a'whole evidence'analysis of the Chinese medicine management of adult asthma. Evidence from the classical Chinese medicine literature, contemporary clinical literature, the outcomes of clinical trials and experimental studies are reviewed, analysed and synthesised. The data from all these sources are condensed to provide evidence-based statements which will inform clinical practice and guide future research.This book has been designed to be an easy reference at the point of care. During a patient consultation, Chinese medicine practitioners can refer to this book for guidance on which Chinese herbal medicine formulas, specific herbs, or acupuncture points, can best treat their patient, and be confident there is evidence which supports its use.Currently, Chinese medicine practitioners who develop a special interest in a particular health condition such as adult asthma have to consult a variety of sources to further their knowledge. Typically, they use the contemporary clinical literature to understand the theory, aetiology, pathogenesis and obtain expert opinions on the Chinese medicine management of adult asthma. They search the electronic literature to identify systematic reviews of clinical trials, if any exist, to obtain assessments of the current state of the clinical evidence for particular interventions. If they have the skills and resources, they may search the classical Chinese medicine literature for an historical perspective on treatments that have stood the test of time.This book provides all of this information for practitioners in one handy, easy to use reference. This allows practitioners to focus on their job of providing high quality health care, with the knowledge it is based on the best available evidence.

Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine: Vol. 1 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease provides a'whole evidence'analysis of the Chinese medicine management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Evidence from the classical Chinese medicine literature, contemporary clinical literature, and the outcomes of clinical trials and experimental studies are reviewed, analysed and synthesised. The data from all these sources are condensed to provide evidence-based statements which will inform clinical practice and guide future research.This book has been designed to be an easy reference at the point of care. During a patient consultation, Chinese medicine practitioners can refer to this book for guidance on which Chinese herbal medicine formulas, specific herbs, or acupuncture points, can best treat their patient, and be confident there is evidence which supports its use.Currently, Chinese medicine practitioners who develop a special interest in a particular health condition such as COPD have to consult a variety of sources to further their knowledge. Typically, they use the contemporary clinical literature to understand the theory, aetiology, pathogenesis and obtain expert opinions on the Chinese medicine management of COPD. They search the electronic literature to identify systematic reviews of clinical trials, if any exists, to obtain assessments of the current state of the clinical evidence for particular interventions. If they have the skills and resources, they may search the classical Chinese medicine literature for an historical perspective on treatments that have stood the test of time.This book provides all of this information for practitioners in one handy, easy to use reference. This allows practitioners to focus on their job of providing high quality healthcare, with the knowledge it is based on the best available evidence.

Volume 8 is part of a multicompendium Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants, on plants with edible flowers from Geraniaceae to Zingiberaceae (tabular) and 82 species in Geraniaceae, Iridaceae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Limnocharitaceae, Magnoliaceae, Malvaceae, Meliaceae, Myrtaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Oleaceae, Onagraceae, Orchidaceae, Paeoniaceae, Papaveraceae, Plantaginaceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Primulaceae, Proteaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Theaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Tyhpaceae, Violaceae, Xanthorrhoeaceae and Zingiberaceae in detail. This work is of significant interest to medical practitioners, pharmacologists, ethnobotanists, horticulturists, food nutritionists, botanists, agriculturists, conservationists and general public. Topics covered include: taxonomy; common/ vernacular names; origin/ distribution; agroecology; edible plant parts/uses; botany; nutritive/medicinal properties, nonedible uses and selected references.

This book continues as volume 6 of a multi-compendium on Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants. It covers edible fruits/seeds used fresh, cooked or processed into other by-products, or as vegetables, cereals, spices, stimulant, edible oils and beverages. It covers selected species from the following families: Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Schisandraceae, Solanaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Urticaceae, Vitaceae and Winteraceae. This work will be of significant interest to scientists, researchers, medical practitioners, pharmacologists, ethnobotanists, horticulturists, food nutritionists, agriculturists, botanists, conservationists, lecturers, students and the general public. Topics covered include: taxonomy; common/English and vernacular names; origin and distribution; agroecology; edible plant parts and uses; botany; nutritive and pharmacological properties, medicinal uses and research findings; nonedible uses; and selected references.

Geißel in den weniger entwickelten tropischen Ländern sind die (im weitesten Sinne) infektiösen Erkrankungen, und gerade gegen sie vermag die Val ksmedi zi n zumeist weniger auszurichten als unsere hochentwickelte Pharmazie (vgl. H. VELIMIROVIC in diesem Band). Es mag einen'unspezifischen Heiler-Effekt'geben, etwa das, was man hierzulande z. T. etwas abschätzig als die'Droge Arzt'bezeichnet. Wenn man einige Hei 1 er aus einer gegebenen Ethni e quasi als Consi 1 i ari i zu einem Patienten rufen würde, kämen sie, das ist jedenfalls die Erfahrung aus Melanesien, wahrscheinlich selten zu einer einheitlichen Diagnose. Daß sie desungeachtet ihre Rolle als Ärzte, wenn auch selbstverständ­ lich mit unterschiedlichem Erfolg, ausfüllen, ist vermutlich gerade in dem'Heiler-Effekt'begründet, zu dessen Wirksamwer­ den ohne Zweifel eine gehörige Portion Wissen und (im besten Sinne) Intuition, also Heilkunst nötig ist. Die Antwort des menschlichen Organismus auf materielle und immaterielle Stressoren ist trotz der unleugbaren Verschieden­ heit der Kulturen prinzipiell ähnlich. Wenn aber die unendlich bunt erscheinende Palette der therapeutischen Ansätze nichts­ destoweniger dazu führt, daß Patienten überall auf der Erde immer wieder von den Heilern ihrer Heimat Behandlung erbitten, müssen Vorgänge eine Rolle spielen, die im Heilungssuchenden selbst, nicht in der Weise der Therapie begründet sind.

The American Obesity Association identifies obesity's link to numerous medical conditions, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, several cancers, and a host of inflammatory disorders. Evidence indicates that inflammation has more than a corollary relation with obesity; that in fact, obesity itself manifests a low-grade, metabolically associated inflammation involving many of the same mediators associated with classic inflammation. Concurrent with our understanding, we have to recognize that more than a storage site for fat, adipose tissue itself is an essential endocrine organ that produces and secretes a host of hormones in response to varying physiologic and pathologic states. Bringing together the research and findings of leading experts from across the world, Adipose Tissue and Inflammation focuses on the contribution of adipose tissue to local and systemic inflammation. Demonstrating the endocrine like nature of adipose tissue, this book— Looks at the direct relation between adipokines and inflammation Examines the role of adipose secreted hormones as mediators of inflammation Details the inflammatory actions of adiponectin, leptin, and resistin Discusses insulin and dietary fatty acids as modulators of inflammation This book belongs to the groundbreaking CRC Press Series on Oxidative Stress and Disease. The series now includes more than two-dozen volumes that address the multiple ways that oxidative stress initiates and accelerates disease mechanisms. Most importantly, this book, like the series, offers invaluable information regarding nutritional and life style choices, and interventions that can be employed to prevent, control, and even ameliorate disease processes attributed to oxidative stress. While much of the information put forth on these pages is sobering, the authors also look at the anti-inflammatory properties of plant sterols and phytoestrogens and the role that antioxidants and polyphenols play in moderating adipose inflammation. Further research looks at the role of exercise and weight loss in reducing inflammation; and discusses pharmaceutical approaches to adipose tissue related-inflammation.