Search

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is performed routinely in research and diagnostics. The lack of internal standards, however, has been very disadvantageous for PAGE methodologies in comparison to alternative separation techniques like chromatography. Chapter one discusses how comparative fluorescence gel electrophoresis (CoFGE) has the potential to change this situation. Chapter Two focuses on elucidating the properties of polyacrylamide gel matrixes, discussing the essential principles of discontinuous PAGE in technology, and summarizing the discontinuous buffer systems employed for the discontinuous PAGE in alkaline, neutral and acidic circumstances. Chapter Three discusses the need for the establishment of typical physiologic protein pattern for various avian patients. Chapter Four discusses constant field gel electrophoresis, a sensitive, rapid, economical and perspective method for detecting DNA double strand breaks and rejoining with high resolution.

This text is a summary of basic principles and techniques and is dedicated to all those students who have been told by their mentors,'Go forth and do two-dimensional gels and have the results on my desk tomorrow.'No attempt has been made in this text to provide exhaustive lists of references related to basic principles or techniques or to list every com­ pany or supplier involved in this area of research. Nevertheless, it is hoped that sufficient information is given to help a new investigator or student appreciate the complexities but develop sufficient expertise to carry out these techniques successfully. The discussions are designed to instill in basic science and clinical investigators of all levels of expertise an appreciation of the power of combining a variety of techniques as well as to provide basic insight into the theories, complexities, and problems frequently encountered with electrophoretic and immunochemical meth­ ods. Bonnie S. Dunbar Houston v Acknowledgments I wish to thank my students and staff for their patience and support throughout the preparation of this text. I would like to acknowledge my appreciation for my extensive discussions with Dr. David Sammons (Uni­ versity of Arizona) and to Dr. N. L. and Dr. N. G. Anderson and their colleagues (Argonne National Laboratory) for their invaluable advice and suggestions in this area over the years. I thank my research assistant, Ms.

Over the past few years, the power and potential of proteomics has become widely recognized. The use of proteomics for the study of complex diseases is increasing and is particularly applicable to cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in developed countries. The ability to investigate the complete proteome provides a critical tool toward elucidating the complex and multif- torial basis of cardiovascular biology, especially disease processes. Proteomics involves the integration of a number of technologies with the aim of analyzing all the proteins expressed by a biological system in response to various stimuli under different pathophysiological conditions. The proteomic approach offers the ability to evaluate simultaneously the changes in protein expression and cell signaling pathways in response to such conditions as atherosclerosis, c- diac hypertrophy, stroke, or heart failure. Cardiovascular Proteomics: Methods and Protocols covers many of the above aspects of the proteomic approach in the cardiovascular field. This v- ume takes the reader through the complete process of proteomic analysis, from the obtention of specific heart proteins (troponin I) to the new techniques of identifying risk biomarkers of atherome plaque rupture, analyzing the secretome of explanted endarterectomies cultured in vitro, or the application of phage display techniques to decipher the molecular diversity of blood vessels.

Proteomics is a multifaceted, interdisciplinary field which studies the complexity and dynamics of proteins in biological systems. It combines powerful separation and analytical technology with advanced informatics to understand the function of proteins in the cell and in the body. This book provides a clear conceptual description of each facet of proteomics, describes recent advances in technology and thinking in each area, and provides details of how these have been applied to a variety of biological problems. It is written by expert practitioners in the field, from industry, research institutions, and the clinic. It provides junior and experienced researchers with an invaluable proteomic reference, and gives fascinating glimpses of the future of this dynamic field.

As research on the human, animal, plant and microbial genomes matures towards descriptive fullness, the need for understanding the proteome has clearly emerged as the next major endeavor of life sciences. Proteomics - the quantitative analysis of all proteins working in a cell at a specific time and at specific conditions - provides deep insight into the highly organized network of expression, modification and degradation of proteins. Compiled in this book are reviews and research articles which describe the recent advances and perspectives of this new field of research. The articles are grouped into the following sections: - Sample Preparation and Solubilization - Developments in Electrophoresis - Detection and Quantitation - Mass Spectrometry - Proteome Data Analysis and Management - Prokayotes and Yeast - Biological Fluids - Eukaryotic Cells and Tissue - Oncology - Plants Proteomics is a new key for the functional analysis of living systems and of equal importance for basic as well as application oriented research.

New technology for analyzing complex genomes is an important area of modern molecular biosciences. This book focuses on a recently developed genome scanning method, termed two-dimensional 2-D DNA typing, which is based on a combination of two independent electrophoretic separation principles. When separation according to size is coupled to separati