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Fifty years ago, a UCLA computer science professor and his student sent the first electronic message over a network called ARPANET, a predecessor to the Internet. The intended message, the word'login', was truncated in a computer crash to'lo.'Digital infrastructure has made significant advances since then, but key decision points in the history of the Internet continue to reverberate today and have done much to shape not only cyberspace, but the twenty-first century. In Forks in the Digital Road, Scott J. Shackelford and Scott O. Bradner revisit the key decision points in the history of cybersecurity and Internet governance, revealing the alternative paths or'forks'that existed at the time and addressing the question of'what if?'. What if encryption was built into the Internet's architecture from the beginning? What if Section 230, which shields Internet platforms from civil liability, had taken a different form? What if Cerf and Kahn had structured TCP/IP in another way? What if Tim Berners-Lee had taken the advice of counsel and patented the World Wide Web? And what if the US government had not gotten directly involved with Internet governance in 1998, or elected not to help launch a new era of cyber conflict in 2006? Shackelford and Bradner answer these questions, and many more. They explain how things might have been different if other paths had been followed and offer practical ideas to help build a new vision of cyberspace that is as secure, private, efficient, and fun as possible. At a time when the future of cyberspace has never been more in doubt--with the potential for a new Digital Cold War, or even a'splinternet'having the potential to fracture cyberspace into a series of national-level intranets in the wake of the war in Ukraine--the time is ripe to take both a look back, and ahead.

Provides the framework to go from inquiry to understanding. Request a digital sample - for educators > Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding empowers students to apply scientific and critical thinking to the psychology of their everyday lives. Students will develop the skills and open-minded scepticism needed to distinguish psychological information from misinformation. The fourth Australian edition highlights the latest debates and emerging areas of research in psychology. Issues relating to DE&I are tackled more directly as readers are encouraged to question the generalisability of new claims to diverse peoples and contexts. Importantly, each chapter brings Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander lived experiences, perspectives and knowledges into the study of psychology. This edition celebrates and showcases how Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledges and perspectives can sit alongside other knowledges in psychology to enhance psychology graduates'knowledge, responsiveness and competencies in working with diversity.

This book examines the traditional assumptions made by academics and professionals alike that have embedded sociopolitical biases that impede practice. and undermine efforts to achieve an objective scientific status. If allowed to go unchallenged, the credibility of psychology as a discipline is compromised. This contributed volume thoroughly and comprehensively examines this concern in a conceptually and empirically rigorous manner and offers constructive solutions for minimizing undue political influences within the field of psychology. Societies in the 21st century desperately need reliable psychological science, but we don't have it. This important volume explains one of the main reasons why we are making little progress on any issue that gets contaminated by the left-right culture war: because the field of psychology is an enthusiastic member of one of the two teams, so it rejects findings and researchers who question its ideological commitments. The authors ofthis engaging volume also show us the way out. They diagnose the social dynamics of bias and point to reforms that would give us the psychology that we need to address 21st century problems. Jonathan Haidt, Thomas Cooley Professor of Ethical Leadership, NYU—Stern School of Business and author of The Righteous Mind The boundaries of free speech, censorship, moral cultures, social justice, and ideological biases are among the many incendiary topics discussed in this book. If you are looking for a deep-dive into real-world contemporary controversies, Ideological and Political Bias in Psychology fits the bill. The chapters are thoughtful and thought-provoking. Most readers will find something to agree with and something to rage at in almost every chapter. It just may change how you think about some of these topics. Diane F. Halpern, Professor of Psychology Emerita, Claremont McKenna College and Past President, American Psychological Association Unless the political left is always correct about everything (in which case, we wouldn't need to do research; we could just ask a leftist), the growing political monoculture of social science is a major barrier to our search for the truth. This volume shows how ideological bias should be treated as a source of research error, up there with classic methodological flaws like non-random assignment and non-blind measurement. Steven Pinker, Johnstone Professor of Psychology, Harvard University, and the author of Rationality An important read for academics curious about how their politics fashions beliefs that too often are uncritically taken for granted, and for non-academics wondering why we can't shake off the politics that so influences scientific work. Vernon Smith, Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences and George L. Argyros Chair in Finance and Economics, Chapman UniversityAdvances and deepens empirically rigorous scholarship into biased political influences affecting academic and professional psychology.Offers constructive solutions for minimizing undue political influences within psychology and moving the field forward.Serves as a resource for psychological academicians, researchers, practitioners, and consultants seeking to restore the principles of accurate science and effective practice to their respective areas of research.

Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding empowers you to apply scientific thinking to the psychology of your everyday life. Emphasizing the scientific method, the authors help you develop the critical-thinking skills and open-minded skepticism needed to distinguish psychological information from misinformation. The 5th Edition reflects the latest developments in both society and the field of psychological science. New and updated topics include intelligence testing, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the replication crisis, the open science movement, and gender and identity.

Na začátku 20. století proslul penzionovaný berlínský učitel matematiky tím, že jeho kůň, jemuž se začalo přezdívat „chytrý Hans“, umí počítat a rozumí složitým slovním pokynům. Byly schopnosti koně skutečné? Jistěže ne! Ale čím to, že jim uvěřilo tolik lidí a že vzbudil takový zájem médií? A jak tento mechanismus ve skutečnosti fungoval? Na počátku 90. let minulého století získala velkou pozornost takzvaná facilitovaná komunikace, užívaná u dětí s autismem. Jenže na jejím základě nejenže začaly děti zázračně „mluvit“, ale také došlo k obvinění jejich rodičů ze zneužívání. I funkčnost této metody se ukázala jako klamná. Co má kůň, který uměl počítat, společného s metodou zázračné komunikace? Američtí profesoři psychologie za pomoci těchto i jiných příkladů ukazují, jak funguje naše myšlení, jak se vyhnout sebeklamu a jak myslet jasně a kriticky. Jakoby mimochodem přitom vysvětlují řadů vědeckých pojmů a zajímavých skutečností. Thomas E. Heinzen je profesor psychologie na William Paterson University v New Jersey. Scott O. Lilienfeld má stejnou funkci na Emory University v Georgii a je autorem uznávané knihy 50 největších mýtů populární psychologie. Susan A. Nolan působí jako profesorka téhož oboru na Seton Hall University v New Jersey.

The goal of this text is to empower students to apply scientific thinking to the psychology of their everyday lives. By applying scientific thinking that helps protect us against our tendencies to make mistakes - we can better evaluate claims about both laboratory research and daily life. Students will emerge with the critical-thinking skills and open-minded scepticism they need to distinguish psychological misinformation from psychological information. The product is designed to encourage students to keep an open mind to new claims, but to insist on and evaluate evidence informing these claims. Samples Download the detailed table of contents Preview sample pages from Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding Features Students are supported in preparing for industry, with content aligned to professional standards. The content is heavily localised and revised to include more Australian examples to reflect practice in an Australian context. Content is localised and has been revised to include more Australian examples. Includes qualitative research, epigenetics and positive psychology. Updated citations, examples and statistics. New to this edition Mapped to APAC Graduate Competencies - The newly updated APAC Graduate Competencies are linked throughout the text. Significant update to Chapter 14 Cross-cultural psychology delves into how culture affects people in different cultural and social settings. It includes new coverage of cross-cultural differences in basic processes of cognition, expression of anger and its effect on health, socialisation and helping behaviours. The chapter also includes extended coverage of research on acculturation and multicultural identity. Structure and internal design - The language has been simplified so that readability is enhanced. Images, figures, statistics, citations and examples have been updated and improved, strengthening ways for students to learn. New chapter-based pedagogical features including Colour-coded biological art'Challenge your assumptions'questions Fully revised'Evaluating claims'scenarios'Fact or fiction?'questions'Stop and think'questions These new features provide students opportunities to develop their soft-skills within the study of psychology (critical-thinking, problem-solving, self-reflection, analysis, etc). Colour-coded feature orients students at both the macro and micro levels as they move through the text. Through'Challenge your assumptions', students are asked what they believe they know about psychology and are then prompted to use scientific-thinking skills to evaluate claims they are likely to encounter in various forms of media ('Evaluating claims').'Fact or Fiction'questions are peppered throughout each chapter, challenging students'ability to distinguish supported from unsupported claims. This is then summarised in'Stop and think', where students write short critical-thinking-based responses to questions about the chapter content. The full text downloaded to your computer With eBooks you can: search for key concepts, words and phrases make highlights and notes as you study share your notes with friends eBooks are downloaded to your computer and accessible either offline through the Bookshelf (available as a free download), available online and also via the iPad and Android apps. Upon purchase, you'll gain instant access to this eBook. Time limit

You can also purchase a loose-leaf print reference to complement Revel Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding. This is optional.

This valued resource helps practitioners and students evaluate the merits of popular yet controversial practices in clinical psychology and allied fields, and base treatment decisions on the best available research. Leading authorities review widely used therapies for a range of child, adolescent, and adult disorders, differentiating between those that can stand up to the rigors of science and those that cannot. Questionable assessment and diagnostic techniques and self-help models are also examined. The volume provides essential skills for thinking critically as a practitioner, evaluating the validity of scientific claims, and steering clear of treatments that are ineffective or even harmful.New to This Edition•Reflects the significant growth of evidence-based practices in the last decade.•Updated throughout with the latest treatment research.•Chapter on attachment therapy.•Chapter on controversial interventions for child and adolescent antisocial behavior.•Addresses changes in DSM-5.

Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding, Global Edition

Health, Happiness, and Well-Being provides readers with a panoramic view of what the best psychological science has to offer regarding how to attain physical health and optimum psychological functioning. Students, faculty, general readers, and professionals can rely on the expertise of leading scholars to assist them in evaluating claims and appreciating the influence of popular yet unsubstantiated beliefs in shaping opinions about behavioral health and psychological well-being. Packed with examples drawn from the media and scientific journals, the authors discuss why accurate, up-to-date, and valid health information is vital to achieving the good life.

A follow-up to O'Hara's steamy and provocative book Autopornography: A Memoir of Life in the Lust Lane, Rarely Pure and Never Simple: Selected Essays of Scott O'Hara shares with you more intimate stories from former porn star Scott O'Hara. You'll gain an even deeper sense of the man behind the “Biggest Dick in San Francisco” and come to understand his take on porn, sex, life, and loss. Discussing his ventures as a writer, playwright, and editor of the popular but short-lived journal Steam, Rarely Pure and Never Simple includes poems and stories by O'Hara that express his opinions and feelings about monogamy, safe sex, male beauty, morality, social politics, and “being queer.” O'Hara also relates his childhood experiences to his adult life and uses many examples to link the past to his actions and thoughts concerning his sexuality.Bold, personal, and honest, Rarely Pure and Never Simple gives you an inside look into the life of this controversial author, who died in February 1998 of AIDS-related complications. O'Hara challenges the “norms” of society as he discloses intimate thoughts and details about his sex life and fantasies that are guaranteed to arouse your... curiosity.

Benefit-cost analysis informs which policies or programs most benefit society when implemented by governments and institutions around the world. This volume brings together leading researchers and practitioners to recommend strategies and standards to improve the consistency and credibility of such analyses, assisting analysts of all types in achieving a greater uniformity of practice.Although new analytical approaches are constantly being used and tested, this book supports the emergence of a professional culture adhering to a set of principles and standards that can be used to identify useful analytical processes and to discard less useful ones. Contributors to this volume come from a wide variety of backgrounds and include authors of leading textbooks, editors of journals, former government officials, and practitioners whose analyses have shaped decisions about education, the environment, security, income distribution, and other vital social and economic policies. Students and professors of public sector economics will find much of interest in this groundbreaking book. Practitioners working in government, non-profit organizations, and international institutions, including welfare economists, policy analysts, environmentalists, engineers, and others will also benefit from this volume's sophisticated and practical recommendations.Contributors: D.F. Burgess, J.H. Cook, T.B. Davis, S. Farrow, N. Garland, J.K. Hammitt, L.A. Karoly, H.A. Klaiber, J.B. Loomis, J.R. Lott, Jr, L.A. Robinson, T. Scott, V.K. Smith, A.R. Vining, W.K. Viscusi, D.L. Weimer, R.O. Zerbe, Jr.

In the past few decades clinical science has emerged as a prominent model for training and practice in clinical psychology. This model emphasizes evidence derived from high-quality research and is consistent with the increasingly influential evidence-based movement in medicine, which is a vital step toward making psychotherapy more effective, efficient, and safe. Despite this trend, much current psychological practice is not evidence-based; moreover, there is a marked dearth of resources available to train students and assist practitioners with the challenging goal of translating science into practice. Case Studies in Clinical Psychological Science demonstrates in detail how the clinical science model can be applied to actual cases. Edited by Professors William O'Donohue and Scott O. Lilienfeld, this book's unique structure presents dialogues between leading clinical researchers regarding the treatment of a wide variety of psychological problems, from depression and Alzheimer's disease to Panic Disorder and chronic pain. Chapters describe what evidence-based practice consists of for various clinical problems and are followed by commentary sections in which other leading clinical researchers analyze the case at hand, pointing out additional assessment and treatment options and controversial issues. The chapter authors then reply to the commentary in response sections. By examining the application of scientifically based interventions to actual cases and modeling thoughtful and collegial discussion among prominent clinical researchers, Case Studies in Clinical Psychological Science will assist students, practitioners, and clinical researchers with the crucial task of applying research evidence to psychotherapy and bridging the gap between science and practice.

This provocative account of our obsession with neuroscience brilliantly illuminates what contemporary neuroscience and brain imaging can and cannot tell us about ourselves, providing a much-needed reminder about the many factors that make us who we are. What can't neuroscience tell us about ourselves? Since fMRI -- functional magnetic resonance imaging -- was introduced in the early 1990s, brain scans have been used to help politicians understand and manipulate voters, determine guilt in court cases, and make sense of everything from musical aptitude to romantic love. In Brainwashed, psychiatrist and AEI scholar Sally Satel and psychologist Scott O. Lilienfeld reveal how many of the real-world applications of human neuroscience gloss over its limitations and intricacies, at times obscuring -- rather than clarifying -- the myriad factors that shape our behavior and identities. Brain scans, Satel and Lilienfeld show, are useful but often ambiguous representations of a highly complex system. Each region of the brain participates in a host of experiences and interacts with other regions, so seeing one area light up on an fMRI in response to a stimulus doesn't automatically indicate a particular sensation or capture the higher cognitive functions that come from those interactions. The narrow focus on the brain's physical processes also assumes that our subjective experiences can be explained away by biology alone. As Satel and Lilienfeld explain, this'neurocentric'view of the mind risks undermining our most deeply held ideas about selfhood, free will, and personal responsibility, putting us at risk of making harmful mistakes, whether in the courtroom, interrogation room, or addiction treatment clinic. Although brain scans and other neurotechnologies have provided groundbreaking insights into the workings of the human brain, Brainwashed shows readers that the increasingly fashionable idea that they are the most important means of answering the enduring mysteries of psychology is misguided -- and potentially dangerous.

Molecular evolution, phylogenetics, genomics, and other related topics are all critical to understanding evolutionary processes. All too frequently, however, they are treated separately in textbooks and courses, such that students fail to connect all of the concepts, principles, and nuances of the evolutionary processes. Integrated Molecular Evolut

Stimmt es wirklich, dass die meisten Menschen nur einen Bruchteil ihres Gehirns nutzen? Und ist das alte Sprichwort ›was Hänschen nicht lernt, lernt Hans nimmermehr‹ auch wissenschaftlich belegbar? Sie werden sich wundern, denn einige der in diesem Buch entlarvten Mythen der Populärpsychologie haben sich so in unserem Alltag festgesetzt, dass man nicht einmal auf die Idee kommen würde, sie anzuzweifeln. Die Autoren haben 25 der in der Bevölkerung meist verbreiteten Psychologie-Irrtümer ausgewählt. Sie erläutern, weshalb sie entstehen und warum wir immer wieder so blauäugig auf sie hereinfallen. Hier werden sowohl Laien, als auch Experten ihre Freude haben. Das Buch bietet zudem eine allgemeine Anleitung zum ›Mythenknacken‹, denn viele Psychologie-Irrtümer, denen wir auf den Leim gehen, ›funktionieren‹ immer gleich – man muss sie nur erkennen können!

50 Great Myths of Popular Psychology uses popular myths as a vehicle for helping students and laypersons to distinguish science from pseudoscience. Uses common myths as a vehicle for exploring how to distinguish factual from fictional claims in popular psychology Explores topics that readers will relate to, but often misunderstand, such as'opposites attract','people use only 10% of their brains', and'handwriting reveals your personality'Provides a'mythbusting kit'for evaluating folk psychology claims in everyday life Teaches essential critical thinking skills through detailed discussions of each myth Includes over 200 additional psychological myths for readers to exploreContains an Appendix of useful Web Sites for examining psychological myths Features a postscript of remarkable psychological findings that sound like myths but that are true Engaging and accessible writing style that appeals to students and lay readers alike

This rigorous yet reader-friendly book reviews the state of the science on a broad range of psychological issues commonly encountered in the forensic context. The goal is to help professionals and students differentiate between supported and unsupported psychological techniques--and steer clear of those that may be misleading or legally inadmissible. Leading contributors focus on controversial issues surrounding recovered memories, projective techniques, lie detection, child witnesses, offender rehabilitation, psychopathy, violence risk assessment, and more. With a focus on real-world legal situations, the book offers guidelines for presenting scientific evidence accurately and effectively in courtroom testimony and written reports.