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Das 86. Jahrbuch des Kölnischen Geschichtsvereins widmet sich dem geschosstrennenden Rundbogenfries als Kölner Architekturmotiv und den Glasmalereistiftern des Kölner Fraterhauses St. Michael am Weidenbach. In biographischen Aufsätzen beleuchtet es den Mineralwasserfabrikanten Otto Ewich und den Warschauer Ghettokämpfer Adolf Hochberg. Es zeichnet die Anfänge des Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museums im Spiegel der Kolonialpolitik nach und zeigt die Vergänglichkeit von Straßennamen anhand des verschwundenen'Stollwerckplatzes'. Darüber hinaus analysiert es Vorgeschichte, Ursachen und Verlauf des'Wilden Streiks'bei Ford 1973 und blickt abschließend auf 30 Jahre Kölner Runder Tisch für Integration zurück.

Asthma is a chronic complicated airway disease whose mortality and morbidity rates have increased worldwide. Some common treatments for asthma cannot control it nor even prevent simple inflammation and relieve shortness of breath, so understanding its molecular pathways and pathophysiology is required in order to better understand the disease and to diagnose, control and treat it. Allergic Asthma Immunopathogenesis: Immunopathology of the Allergic Asthma presents a new glance to the allergic asthma pathophysiology by focusing on the immunopathogenesis and allergo-inflammation mechanisms of asthma and cell signaling pathways that can be used for various research purposes, including the design of anti-asthma treatment and target therapy for scientists and researchers. - Covers new molecular pathophysiology mechanisms and cell signaling pathways in pathogenesis of allergic asthma that have been introduced in recent research - Discusses immunologic basis of the allergy and hyperresponsiveness - Includes results of recent research focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of allergic asthma

Explore in-depth the relationships between biological contaminants and human health found in diverse settings such as homes, hospitals, businesses, and schools Indoor air quality has an immense impact on human health and well-being. Indoor air environments can contain a huge range of biological contaminants, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, insects, and their various harmful byproducts. Indoor biocontamination has been under-studied as an aspect of public and occupational health, and there is an urgent need for an introduction to this vital subject. Airborne Biocontaminants and Their Impact on Human Health meets this need with a thorough, rigorous overview of major indoor airborne contaminants. Gathering and summarizing a huge range of data regarding biocontaminants in settings from homes to schools to workplaces, it investigates patterns of morbidity and their connections to major contaminants. The result is an essential tool in the broader fight for human health at home and elsewhere. Airborne Biocontaminants and Their Impact on Human Health readers will also find: Analysis of the indoor role of gases, particulate matter, and others Detailed coverage of contaminant byproducts including endotoxins, mycotoxins, volatile organic compounds, and more Methods for generating awareness and therefore reduced risk of exposure to harmful contaminants Airborne Biocontaminants and Their Impact on Human Health is ideal for researchers—biologists, environmentalists, civil and environmental engineers, industrial hygienists, safety regulators, and public health officials—interested in the area of biological contamination in different environments.

The lungs are the organ for gas exchange between the body and the external environment. Dysfunction of upper airway epithelium and smooth muscle cells leads to pathogenesis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, and other conditions, resulting in airway inflammation and narrowing. Injury to alveolar epithelium and endothelium causes influx of neutrophil and protein-rich fluid from circulation, resulting in edema and disruption of gas exchange. In addition to lung structural cells, immune cells, including alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes play critical roles in the maintenance of lung function. This book contributes to the understanding homeostasis of lung cells in the physiological and pathological conditions critical to the development of novel therapeutics.Key Features Highlights the role the lungs play as an interface between the body and the environment Describes the underlying mechanism of lung diseases Emphasizes the ways nutrition contributes to lung health as well as the ways pollution adversely affect lung function Includes contributions from leading researchers Chapters 8 and 13 of this book are available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.routledge.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Much has been written about food allergies in scientific journals and in the lay press, but Food Allergies: Processing Technologies for Allergenicity Reduction approaches the issue of food allergies from an industrial processing rather than a clinical perspective.Indeed, industrial food processing technologies can have many beneficial effects to obtain various food products and to preserve foods from physical, chemical and microbiological alterations. However, processing technologies, including thermal and non‑thermal technologies, can also alter the allergenic properties of food proteins.This book provides an authoritative source of information on the relationship between food processing technologies and food allergens with a greater variety of studied allergens including peanuts, tree nuts, cow's milk, eggs, sesame, lupine, soy, wheat, mustard, mushroom, fish and shellfish, as well as the importance of processing these when producing hypoallergenic foods.Key Features: Presents food allergies with recent advances and statistics concerning prevalence, physiopathologic mechanism, diagnosis and anaphylaxis Discusses food allergies in the food industry and investigates the effect of processing on allergenicity of foods during manufacturing Provides food processing and promising technologies to produce hypoallergenic food with high quality Covers the allergenic effect of different food additives with an investigation of cross‑reaction risks This unique book is an indispensable guide for allergic patients, production managers, scientists and nutritionists within the food industry as well as covering a range of critical topics in this area for all those concerned with understanding and managing food allergies.

Encyclopedia of Food Allergy, organized in 10 sections, with ~200 chapters, and written by world-renowned clinician-scientist authors, is the most comprehensive resource for food allergy ever compiled. With online and physical presence, intuitive and easily accessible organization of information, the reader can quickly access overview and general topics as well as detailed information to inform solutions to clinical or research questions. Research topics provide the necessary background for the novice as well as the details required for those in the field. Clinical topics provide comprehensive and practical information, with generous use of tables, figures, and key points/clinical pearls, to inform clinical decision-making, and promote evidence-based management decisions. Food allergy may affect up to 10% of the population in developed countries and appears to be increasing in prevalence worldwide, with many food allergies proving life-long, severe and potentially fatal. The last decade has witnessed a sea change response to the impact of food allergy through basic science research on the immunology, food science research on the triggers, clinical approaches to daily management, treatment and prevention, and an increasing understanding of the psychosocial and societal implications and how to address them. With the expanding breadth and depth of the field, there is no existing comprehensive resource available for those professionals interested in learning about or contributing to food allergy research and clinical care. This is a complete resource covering broad and detailed aspects of food allergy and adverse food reactions for clinicians, researchers, regulators, food industry, students and other stakeholders who need and will benefit from a rich resource with in-depth and practical information. - Presents in-depth, comprehensive coverage from an outstanding international author base of domain experts - Ideal for new researchers and clinicians who will have a single resource that includes general topics to get them started - Includes access to detailed information in their areas of work AND for many related topics that will help improve their research or clinical care

Encyclopedia of Respiratory Medicine, Second Edition, Six Volume Set explores the key processes of lung diseases and their diagnosis and management. The book dissects the molecular and cellular biology, physiology and immunology that underpin normal lung function, along with the aberrations that occur in respiratory diseases, from common disorders such as asthma and COPD to rarer lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases and pulmonary hypertension. Written in at a time when the globe is in the grip of respiratory pandemic, lung disease has never been so prominent in the public and political conscious. This new edition will provide new researchers in respiratory medicine with a solid foundation in unfamiliar topics and will update more experienced researchers seeking to step outside their core areas of research to put their work into a broader context. - Presents a'one-stop'resource covering the entire scope of modern respiratory medicine - Brings together a truly global collaboration of some of the most authoritative voices in respiratory medicine - Provides chapters that are concise and accessible, with an authoritative introduction for non-specialists, as well as up-to-date, foundational content for those familiar with the field - Includes multimedia-rich content, including hundreds of clear and helpful illustrations that can be used as teaching aids

This book provides an up-to-date review of the fundamentals of sphingolipid metabolism and its role in metabolic diseases. Focusing on the sphingolipid de novo synthesis pathway, the effect of sphingomyelin, ceramide, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, and linkage between sphingolipids and other lipids, such as cholesterol, it covers serine palmitoyltransferase, ceramide synthases, ceramidases, sphingosine kinases, and sphingomyelin synthases, and more. While highlighting how rare diseases related to abnormal glycosphingolipid metabolism, this publication introduces sphingolipid metabolism-related diseases, such as lung diseases and cancers, as well as sphingolipid circadian regulation. The book demonstrates advances and limitations of research on sphingolipid metabolism and its roles in metabolic diseases and other diseases. It offers graduate students and researchers a coherent overview of sphingolipids, as well as the limitations of current research in the field, and promotes further studies on metabolic diseases, as well as pharmaceutical research on drug discovery based on sphingolipid de novo synthase.

Allergy is the most frequent chronic disease in the 21st century having severe negative effects on health and the economy. The challenge we therefore face in medicine and science incorporates all areas of society – from politics to food industry, from schools to city planning, and many more. This volume informs the reader about continuously ongoing developments in allergy research and their implications for society. The chapter sections cover the immunological mechanisms in allergy on a molecular level, describe the triggers and cures for allergy in detail, entail clinical translation of lab findings on allergens, evaluate diagnostics for allergy markers, and provide solutions for future medical intervention or preventive strategies. Laboratory research, bioinformatics, climate modelling, patient treatment, intervention studies, epigenetics and multiple other disciplines are able to shed new light on this revolutionary field of healthcare.

Genetic polymorphisms are important determinants of phenotypic variations and may modulate the risk to or even cause various diseases including genetic disorders and multifactorial diseases. Genetic polymorphisms also serve as important genetic, population and evolutionary markers that allow the study of genetic and evolutionary aspects of individuals, populations and organisms and aid in tracing the evolutionary and parental lineages. Genetic polymorphisms in low penetrance genes are responsible for the alterations in the gene expression of critical signal transduction proteins and metabolic enzymes. Some of these polymorphisms are linked to increased susceptibility to various diseases especially cancers, cardiovascular diseases, immune disorders, neurological pathologies. This book collates the reviews on the roles played by polymorphisms in critical metabolic, signal transduction, cell cycle or DNA repair genes either directly or indirectly in the disease mechanisms. The focus is on various techniques for identifying the various Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). Polymorphism studies document the affect SNPs, and their expressions have upon the functionality of the enzymes, proteins. Key Features Describes the genetic polymorphism and its various types Discusses the role of genetic polymorphisms in modulating the risk of various human diseases Explores various molecular techniques used for detecting GPs Characterizes the role of SNPs in modulating the susceptibility of human diseases Provides a genetic basis for individual variations in response to therapeutics

Allergies are a significant health issue, yet few books exist on allergen tolerance of separation; here the author classifies allergen tolerance breakdown in specific types, according to the possibility that the autonomic breakdown of allergen tolerance in the unified airway depends on a deficit of pro-tolerogenic neurotransmitters at the local level. This paradigm, which explains the pathogenesis of allergic disorders, opens to new approaches to allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). While focusing on the new atopic disorders of the unified airway, such as local allergic rhinitis,'dual'allergic rhinitis, local allergic asthma, and local allergic conjunctivitis, the work combines clinical examples of allergic diseases and their treatment with their immunological background. The topics range from the specific immune-derived maintenance of allergen tolerance and the role of the neuroimmune network in allergic inflammation to conventional atopic diseases and more particular issues of local atopic disorders in the unified airway, oral tolerance, and its breakdown, and its translation in genitourinary aspects of allergic inflammation. Specific chapters are also devoted to allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) and anti-allergy treatments. Thought for upper graduate students, it will also be a valued resource for allergy practitioners, pulmonologists, ENT specialists, pediatricians, and translational researchers. Textbook of Allergen Tolerance includes classical didactic features such as abstracts, keywords, background notes, discussion points, and Q&A., as well as 20 audio files Text-to-Speech for the visually impaired, and 10 video to support the readers.

The enzymology of milk and other products is of enormous significance for the production and quality of almost every dairy product. Milk itself is a complex biological fluid that contains a wide range of enzymes with diverse activities, some of which have identifiable functions while others are present as an accidental consequence of the mechanism of milk secretion. Over time milk enzymology has become an incredibly essential component of milk and other dairy product production, and with advancing technology and processing techniques, its importance is at its peak. Dairy Enzymology presents an expansive overview of the enzymology of milk and other dairy products, focusing on the use of indigenous and endogenous enzymes in milk and exogenous enzymes in cheese processing. A full section is dedicated to the enzymology of bovine milk, focusing on the main families of indigenous enzymes as well as their potential significance in the mammary gland plus the technological significance for the properties of dairy products. Implications for the manufacture and ripening of cheese plus the use of enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase for measuring heat treatment in milk are explored in full, and the role of milk protease plasmin and other indigenous enzymes in the age-gelation is focused on. Further sections focus on enzymes found in raw milk and enzymes deliberately added for manufacture or modification of properties and the manufacture of food ingredients from dairy-derived ingredients. The key bacterial families are discussed in depth as well as their known contributions to the quality of dairy products. With its comprehensive scope and fully up-to-date coverage of dairy product enzymology, this text is a singular source for researchers looking to understand this essential dairy processing aspect.

Dairy foods account for a large portion of the Western diet, but due to the potential diversity of their sources, this food group often poses a challenge for food scientists and their research efforts. Bringing together the foremost minds in dairy research, Handbook of Dairy Foods Analysis, Second Edition, compiles the top dairy analysis techniques and methodologies from around the world into one well-organized volume. Exceptionally comprehensive in both its detailing of methods and the range of dairy products covered, this handbook includes tools for analyzing chemical and biochemical compounds and also bioactive peptides, prebiotics, and probiotics. It describes noninvasive chemical and physical sensors and starter cultures used in quality control. This second edition includes four brand-new chapters covering the analytical techniques and methodologies for determining bioactive peptides, preservatives, activity of endogenous enzymes, and sensory perception of dairy foods, and all other chapters have been adapted to recent research. All other chapters have been thoroughly updated.Key Features: Explains analytical tools available for the analysis of the chemistry and biochemistry of dairy foods Covers a variety of dairy foods including milk, cheese, butter, yogurt, and ice cream Analysis of nutritional quality includes prebiotics, probiotics, essential amino acids, bioactive peptides, and healthy vegetable-origin compounds Includes a series of chapters on analyzing sensory qualities, including color, texture, and flavor. Covering the gamut of dairy analysis techniques, the book discusses current methods for the analysis of chemical and nutritional compounds, and the detection of microorganisms, allergens, contaminants, and/or other adulterations, including those of environmental origin or introduced during processing. Other methodologies used to evaluate color, texture, and flavor are also discussed. Written by an international panel of distinguished contributors under the editorial guidance of renowned authorities, Fidel Toldrá and Leo M.L. Nollet, this handbook is one of the few references that is completely devoted to dairy food analysis – an extremely valuable reference for those in the dairy research, processing, and manufacturing industries.

This book provides up-to-date information on bioinformatics tools for the discovery and development of new drug molecules. It discusses a range of computational applications, including three-dimensional modeling of protein structures, protein-ligand docking, and molecular dynamics simulation of protein-ligand complexes for identifying desirable drug candidates. It also explores computational approaches for identifying potential drug targets and for pharmacophore modeling. Moreover, it presents structure- and ligand-based drug design tools to optimize known drugs and guide the design of new molecules. The book also describes methods for identifying small-molecule binding pockets in proteins, and summarizes the databases used to explore the essential properties of drugs, drug-like small molecules and their targets. In addition, the book highlights various tools to predict the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) and toxicity (T) of potential drug candidates. Lastly, it reviews in silico tools that can facilitate vaccine design and discusses their limitations.

Get a quick, expert overview of the use of current and novel immunotherapies for use in the management and treatment of allergic reactions and diseases. This concise resource by Dr. Linda Cox covers the full range of allergic disease, including aeroallergens, asthma, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and stinging insects. With essential coverage of allergen immunotherapies in addition to key topics on emerging allergen-associated immunomodulators, this succinct, comprehensive reference consolidates today's available information on this timely topic into a single convenient resource. - Discusses timely topics such as food tolerance, allergy, and allergen unresponsiveness; biologics for COPD and pediatric asthma; and adherence and pharmacoeconomics. - Summarizes practical guidelines and recommendations for use of immunotherapies in clinical practice. - Provides insight into the background and history of immunotherapies as a treatment for allergic disease. - Includes developments on the horizon, including alternative immunotherapy routes and modified allergens.

Comprehensive Foodomics, Three Volume Set offers a definitive collection of over 150 articles that provide researchers with innovative answers to crucial questions relating to food quality, safety and its vital and complex links to our health. Topics covered include transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, genomics, green foodomics, epigenetics and noncoding RNA, food safety, food bioactivity and health, food quality and traceability, data treatment and systems biology. Logically structured into 10 focused sections, each article is authored by world leading scientists who cover the whole breadth of Omics and related technologies, including the latest advances and applications. By bringing all this information together in an easily navigable reference, food scientists and nutritionists in both academia and industry will find it the perfect, modern day compendium for frequent reference. List of sections and Section Editors: Genomics - Olivia McAuliffe, Dept of Food Biosciences, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland Epigenetics & Noncoding RNA - Juan Cui, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE Transcriptomics - Robert Henry, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia Proteomics - Jens Brockmeyer, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University Stuttgart, Germany Metabolomics - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Neuherberg, Germany Omics data treatment, System Biology and Foodomics - Carlos Leon Canseco, Visiting Professor, Biomedical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Green Foodomics - Elena Ibanez, Foodomics Lab, CIAL, CSIC, Madrid, Spain Food safety and Foodomics - Djuro Josic, Professor Medicine (Research) Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA & Sandra Kraljevic Pavelic, University of Rijeka, Department of Biotechnology, Rijeka, Croatia Food Quality, Traceability and Foodomics - Daniel Cozzolino, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia Food Bioactivity, Health and Foodomics - Miguel Herrero, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Foodomics Lab, CIAL, CSIC, Madrid, Spain Brings all relevant foodomics information together in one place, offering readers a ‘one-stop,'comprehensive resource for access to a wealth of information Includes articles written by academics and practitioners from various fields and regions Provides an ideal resource for students, researchers and professionals who need to find relevant information quickly and easily Includes content from high quality authors from across the globe

This book serves as the primary reference for precision medicine in the fields of pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine by documenting principles written by experts in several aspects of precision medicine. It combines fundamental concepts of the field with state-of-the-art studies and how they translate into individual preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic plans. Precision medicine is focused on the integration of individual variability with disease prevention and treatment principles derived from population studies. This concept has risen to prominence in recent years in parallel with advances in genetics, molecular diagnostics and novel target-specific therapies. This fundamental shift in the approach to treatment has broad implications in how we prevent, diagnose and treat disease. Describing key concepts of precision medicine and relating these to pulmonary, critical care and sleep disorders is essential to educate relevant stakeholders and increase the impact of pulmonary precision medicine. The book is organized into seven sections: introduction; genetics; biomarkers; precise phenotyping; mobile health, wearables and telemedicine; precision therapeutics; and enabling widespread adoption of precision medicine. The chapters are organized with an introduction to the specific theme, followed by its basic concepts. They then delve into how these basic concepts relate to the larger theme of precision medicine, new precision medicine approaches to dealing with these problems, and key takeaway points. Liberally illustrated with images, figures, and tables, the text is thorough and intuitive for clinicians and researchers to learn the processes and applications of precision medicine. This is an ideal guide for clinicians to learn new precision medicine concepts in the fields of genetics, genomics, mobilehealth, and how they apply to their practice and their patients, as well as researchers seeking a basic understanding of precision medicine to assist in designing future research studies.

Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy – Cellular Methods Part B, Volume 632, the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Topics covered include Quantitation of calreticulin exposure associated with immunogenic cell death, Side-by-side comparisons of flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry for detection of calreticulin exposure in the course of immunogenic cell death, Quantitative determination of phagocytosis by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells via imaging flow cytometry, Cytofluorometric assessment of dendritic cell-mediated uptake of cancer cell apoptotic bodies, Methods to assess DC-dependent priming of T cell responses by dying cells, and more. Contains content written by authorities in the field Provides a comprehensive view on the topics covered Includes a high level of detail

The sixth edition of Lockey and Ledford's Allergens and Allergen Immunotherapy continues to provide comprehensive coverage of all types of allergens and allergen vaccines, providing clinicians the essential information they need to accurately diagnose and manage all allergic conditions. With new and updated chapters, the sixth edition is the most up-to-date, single resource on allergy and immunotherapy. Key Features Completely revised and updated Detailed single source reference on allergy and immunotherapy Reorganized to provide clinicians with essential information to make diagnoses and offer the best treatments

Mucosal Vaccines: Innovation for Preventing Infectious Diseases discusses basic knowledge and discovery in the area of mucosal immunology and its related scientific fields. This completely updated, revised and authoritative treatise covers all aspects of mucosal vaccines, including their development, mechanisms of action, molecular/cellular aspects and practical applications. The book is organized in a unique format with basic, clinical and practical aspects described and discussed. The accumulated knowledge and new discoveries on the development of mucosal vaccines are logically introduced and discussed in an easy-to-understand format. - Provides the latest views on mucosal vaccines - Applies basic and current principles in the field of mucosal immunology and related scientific fields (e.g., microbiology, infectious diseases, systems biology, medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine and translational research) to the development of new vaccines - Links basic, clinical and practical aspects of mucosal vaccines to different infectious diseases - Presents user-friendly organization using attractive illustrations

Allergy and Asthma: The Basics to Best Practices is intended to serve as a single comprehensive reference covering all needed knowledge of allergic diseases. Allergy is a unique and distinctive area of medicine wherein learning the fundamentals requires gathering information from various different disciplines. Allergic diseases affect various organ systems and the practice of a wide range of physicians from otolaryngologists, and pulmonologists, to gastroenterologists, dermatologists, and ophthalmologists. Clinicians and trainees alike will benefit from a resource that introduces the basic concepts, as well as providing comprehensive, consistently up-to-date instruction on intermediate and advanced conditions, research, and treatment strategies. The book is divided into nine sections and is written by some of the foremost experts in the field. Allergy and Asthma opens with an introduction which covers the epidemiology of allergicdiseases, fundamentals of allergy and immunology, and a thorough grounding of different types of allergens. Early sections address allergic upper airway diseases, allergic skin diseases, and asthma in detail, using a structured, consistent format from chapter to chapter to provide continuity and ease of reference. Later sections thoroughly cover various food allergies, insect allergies, drug allergy, anaphylaxis, and utilize ample tables and illustrations to provide additional learning tools for the reader. This major reference not only provides basic knowledge on diagnosing and treating allergies, but moves beyond these basics to emphasize using a systematic approach to working up and treating a patient. A variety of techniques used in diagnosing asthma and allergy will be examined, of which include prick skin tests, in-vitro testing, patch testing and non-conventional allergy tests. Concluding this book are sections dedicated to management, therapeutic strategies of allergy and asthma, with a look to future research directions for this unique field.Physicians and residents in allergy and immunology, pulmonology, otolaryngology, gastroenterology, dermatology, ophthalmology and other specialties will find the work of value in enhancing their practice and studies. Researchers in a range of areas especially immunology and food science will also find this text to be a compelling and reliable resource.

Endotoxin detection and control is a dynamic area of applied science that touches a vast number of complex subjects. The intersection of test activities includes the use of an ancient blood system from an odd “living fossil” (Limulus). It is used to detect remnants of the most primitive and destructive forms of life (prokaryotes) as contaminants of complex modern systems (mammalian and Pharma). Recent challenges in the field include those associated with the application of traditional methods to new types of molecules and manufacturing processes. The advent of “at will” production of biologics in lieu of harvesting animal proteins has revolutionized the treatment of disease. While the fruits of the biotechnology revolution are widely acknowledged, the realization of the differences in the means of production and changes in the manner of control of potential impurities and contaminants in regard to the new versus the old are less widely appreciated. Endotoxin as an ancient, dynamic interface between lifeforms, provides a singular perspective from which to view the parallel development of ancient and modern organisms as well as the progress of man in deciphering the complexity of their interactions in his efforts to overcome disease.

Encyclopedia of Food Chemistry, Three Volume Set is the ideal primer for food scientists, researchers, students and young professionals who want to acquaint themselves with food chemistry. Well-organized, clearly written, and abundantly referenced, the book provides a foundation for readers to understand the principles, concepts, and techniques used in food chemistry applications. Articles are written by international experts and cover a wide range of topics, including food chemistry, food components and their interactions, properties (flavor, aroma, texture) the structure of food, functional foods, processing, storage, nanoparticles for food use, antioxidants, the Maillard and Strecker reactions, process derived contaminants, and the detection of economically-motivated food adulteration. The encyclopedia will provide readers with an introduction to specific topics within the wider context of food chemistry, as well as helping them identify the links between the various sub-topics. - Offers readers a comprehensive understanding of food chemistry and the various connections between the sub-topics - Provides an authoritative introduction for non-specialists and readers from undergraduate levels and upwards - Meticulously organized, with articles structured logically based on the various elements of food chemistry

Until about 10 years ago, the general view in the field was that Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of human tuberculosis was a “clone” with insufficient natural sequence variation between clinical strains to be considered biologically and epidemiologically “relevant”. This view has now changed quite dramatically thanks to the –omics revolution, particularly the advent of next generation DNA sequencing. Large-scale comparative genomic studies over the last few years have revealed that M. tuberculosis clinical strains are more genetically diverse than appreciated previously. Moreover, an increasing number of experimental and epidemiological studies are showing that this genetic diversity also translates into important phenotypic variation. Taken together, these findings have led to a paradigm shift, such that currently phylogenetic diversity among M. tuberculosis clinical strains is being considered in the development of new tools to combat tuberculosis. The purpose of this book is to bring together a series of contributions from some of the most influential groups working on various aspects of M. tuberculosis diversity, and which through their work have contributed to the this paradigm shift. This includes authors focusing on the evolution of M. tuberculosis in relation to other members of the M. tuberculosis complex adapted to animals, the co-evolution between M. tuberculosis and humans, the phenotypic consequences of strains diversity both from an experimental and epidemiological point of view, the ecology and evolution of drug resistant tuberculosis, the diversity and evolution of the BCG vaccine strains, and the use of mathematical modelling to study strain diversity and drug resistance in human tuberculosis. No such book has ever been published, and given the paradigm shift described above, this book will be a valuable resource both for established researchers as well as new scientists, clinicians and public health officials joining the growing field of tuberculosis research.

Eine norddeutsche Adelsgeschichte des Mittelalters und der Frühen Neuzeit in Quellentexten. Die Herren von Zesterfleth, erstmals erwähnt 1312, ausgestorben 1848, zählen zu den einst bedeutenden stiftsbremischen Ministerialen- bzw. Niederadelsfamilien. Die Grundlage ihres Güterbesitzes legte bereits einer der ältesten bekannten Namensträger, Ritter Marquard I., im ersten Drittel des 14. Jahrhunderts durch Ankauf zahlreicher Ländereien und Rechte im Alten Land und in Kehdingen. Zum Hauptsitz der Familie entwickelte sich Bergfried im Kirchspiel Steinkirchen (Altes Land). Das vorliegende Urkundenbuch beruht auf dem Bergfrieder Gutsarchiv, das am Standort Stade des Niedersächsischen Landesarchivs überliefert ist. Es gibt Auskunft über insgesamt 296 Rechtsgeschäfte, in der Regel mit Kurzregest und vollständiger Abschrift. Die Überlieferung setzt bereits 1232 ein und reicht bis ins 17. Jahrhundert. Einleitend wird neben der Quellenüberlieferung vor allem die Familie Zesterfleth mit Namen, Herkunft und Wappen näher vorgestellt. Mehrere Stammtafeln machen deren Geschichte übersichtlich. Ausführliche Register erschließen den für das Alte Land und die angrenzenden Gebiete aufschlussreichen Urkundenbestand.

Advances in Immunology, Volume 135, the latest in a long-established and highly respected publication, presents current developments and comprehensive reviews in immunology. Articles address the wide range of topics that comprise immunology, with this latest update including chapters on GPCR Biology, the Role of Caveolin-1 in BCR and TCR Receptors, New Developments in the Chemokine Field, and The Complement System in Developmental Neurobiology and Neurodegeneration. Readers will find comprehensive information on molecular and cellular activation mechanisms, phylogeny and molecular evolution and clinical modalities. Edited and authored by the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for the future. - Contains contributions from leading authorities in immunology Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field of immunology

This book focuses on the biophysical aspects of tip growth: How do physical parameters like pressure, water potential, electrical fields, or ion currents contribute to and influence this specialized and highly dynamic form of cell growth?It provides an updated and balanced overview of the current state of knowledge and future research perspectives regarding how pollen tubes'growth is driven and regulated by molecular interactions underlying the cellular processes. The individual chapters address topics ranging from molecular biophysical concepts to comprehensive omic studies and computational modeling of the tip growth process. In addition, a chapter on root hair cells is included to provide an alternative view on the underlying molecular principles of tip growth in general.Each chapter provides a summary of cutting-edge techniques, results and experimental data; a statement, hypothesis or conclusion on the importance of the aspect described for tip growth, particularly pollen tip growth; and addresses open gaps in our understanding and potential approaches to remedying them. The book offers experimental and theoretical solutions to help established researchers and newcomers to the field alike solve the many mysterious behaviors of pollen tube tips.

This book, based on a recent German publication, offers an overview of basic data and recent developments in the groundbreaking field of molecular allergology. It comprehensively explores the origin and structure of single allergen molecules ('components') and their utility in improving the management of type I, IgE-mediated allergic reactions and disorders like allergic respiratory diseases, food allergies, and anaphylaxis. Highly specific testing, called component-resolved diagnostics, aims to identify and utilize single molecules. Over 200 single allergens from plant or animal sources have been applied to single or multiplex laboratory testing for the presence of allergen-specific IgE. This leap in assay sensitivity and specificity has led to three major advances in patient management: discrimination between primary allergic sensitization and complex cross-reactivity, recognition of IgE profiles for certain allergens and identification of patients most likely to benefit from allergen-specific immunotherapy. The book discusses in detail the benefits and limitations of this 21st century technology, and offers suggestions for the use of molecular allergology in routine clinical practice. It is a “must read” for physicians treating allergic patients as well as scientists interested in natural allergic molecules and their interactions with the human immune system.

Pomegranates are increasingly distributed and consumed worldwide both as fresh fruit or processed products, like juices and food supplements. The present commercial success of this fruit and its purported health benefits are associated with an impressive increase of scientific research published on the pomegranate. The huge amount of new data produced every year by the scientific community necessitates a periodic review of the results. The aim of this book is to provide an update of the results in pomegranate research. Each chapter is conceived as an in-depth, state-of-the art compilation on the main topics regarding pomegranates. This is to ensure the status of a reference manual for all the scientists approaching different aspects of pomegranate research and to the industrial sector in order to improve/develop the pomegranate chain. The choice of an edited collection originates from the need to have different specializations and a multi-disciplinary approach to describe all the different topics related to pomegranates, spanning from botany, chemistry, and nutrition to technology and medical research. Topics discussed in this book include pomegranate biodiversity and phytochemical composition of pomegranate pulp, peels, seeds and oil; polyphenols antioxidant activity, bioavailability and metabolism by gut microbiota; current evidence supporting the benefits of pomegranate products in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and cancer; allergies to pomegranate; pomegranate processing and recovery of waste from pomegranate juice production for their possible re-use as a source of nutraceuticals.

Das Handbuch widmet sich den Wechselbeziehungen von Literatur und Religion und gibt einen Überblick über die kulturellen Wirkungen von Religionen auf dem Feld der Literatur. Es stellt die religiösen Ursprünge und Kontexte der Literatur dar, zeigt, wie religiöses Wissen literarisch vermittelt und verhandelt wird, und untersucht, wie literarische Texte religiöse Vorstellungen und Praktiken aufnehmen bzw. auf sie reagieren. Mit Blick auf die verschiedenen Religionen, Epochen und Gattungen umreißt das Handbuch es die wechselvolle und vielfältige Geschichte der Beziehung der Religion(en) zu Literatur(en).

Immune Rebalancing: The Future of Immunosuppression summarizes the most promising perspectives of immunopharmacology, in particular in the area of immunosuppression by considering molecular pathways, personalized medicine, microbiome and nanomedicine. Modulation of immune responses for therapeutic purposes is a particularly relevant area, given the central role of anomalous immunity in diseases. These diseases vary from the most typically immune-related syndromes (autoimmune diseases, allergy and asthma, immunodeficiencies) to those in which altered immunity and inflammation define the pathological outcomes (chronic infections, tumours, chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, etc. - Visits immunosuppression from a modern point of view of signalling mechanisms at the light of the current knowledge of signalling mechanisms and regulatory networks allows the reader to formulate new ideas and concepts on how to use immunosuppression the therapeutic purposes - Encourages researchers to engage into exploring the field of pharmacological modulation of immune responses in depth, and with the new knowledge and tools available, designs more effective therapeutic strategies to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, cancer, degenerative diseases and infections - Examines the link between molecular pathways associated to immune-suppression and the new immunopharmacology approaches - Provides information on the new strategies for drug development in this field - Considers the role of microbes in the development of the mammalian immune system and immune responses, which will widen the reader's strategy for addressing therapeutic immune modulations

Das Buch bündelt aktuelle Fakten zur molekularen Allergologie und zeigt ihre Vorteile für die moderne Allergiediagnostik. Zunächst werden die wichtigsten Proteinfamilien mit Allergenen ähnlicher Struktur vorgestellt. Einzelallergene verbessern vor allem die Treffsicherheit von IgE-Bestimmungen, deren Testvarianten ausführlich erläutert werden. Anhand häufiger Allergenquellen — Inhalations-, Nahrungsmittel- und Insektengiftallergene — werden dann Nutzen und Grenzen einer molekularen Allergiediagnostik im klinischen Alltag aufgezeigt. Der letzte Abschnitt stellt potenzielle Anwendungen der molekularen Allergologie vor, z. B. die Entwicklung rekombinanter Allergenvakzine oder hypoallergener Nahrungsmittel. Das Buch erweitert die erfolgreiche Beitragsserie „Im Fokus: Molekulare Allergologie“ aus dem Allergo Journal von Springer Medizin und beschreibt die junge Disziplin der molekularen Allergologie als ein sich rasch entwickelndes Fachgebiet. Dabei liefert es wertvolle Hinweise für dieUmsetzung im klinischen Alltag und hilft, die Diagnostik, Beratung und Versorgung allergischer Patienten zu verbessern.

While first accounts of food allergy date back to antiquity, only in recent years has food allergy become recognized as one of the major allergic diseases. During the last decade the output of research papers on food allergy increased tremendously, and today, issues related to food allergies still attract a lot of attention among academics and the general public. Featuring contributions by world-renowned experts, this book presents the current concept, practice and recent advances in the field of food allergy. A comprehensive background section provides a historical retrospective and information on the immunological basis and epidemiology of food allergies. Main topics discussed include clinical aspects, diagnosis and management, allergen-based food allergies, and disease-based food allergies. Furthermore, nutritional aspects and diets, public policy and educational programs are covered as well as recent hot topics such as molecular-based allergen diagnosis, eosinophilic gastrointestinal food allergies and oral immunotherapy. Allergists, pediatricians, internists, dermatologists and general practitioners will find this publication an essential source of information as it provides in-depth insights into food allergies from childhood to adulthood.

This book seeks to unravel the mysteries of wolfberry, and systematically introduces its mechanisms in preventing aging-associated diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, liver and neurodegenerative diseases. Wolfberry, the dried fruit of Lycium barbarum, is an anti-aging herbal medicine. There have been numerous reports investigating the underlying mechanisms of its anti-aging effects and its role in preventing pathological changes in many aging-associated diseases. Its holistic effects on the body can attenuate liver toxicity and combat the spread of cancer; it also prevents degeneration in the central nervous system, and can even positively affect the skin. As such, wolfberry has become a very popular food supplement around the world. This book will serve as an excellent reference source for researchers and graduate students studying herbal medicine and aging-associated diseases, while also providing insights for the pharmaceutical industry with regard to developing potential drugs for these diseases.

Contact urticaria syndrome was first defined in 1975 and since then scientific interest has steadily increased. New cases are continuously being reported furnishing information on novel clinical features. A large number of compounds could be responsible for triggering the syndrome including fragrances, cosmetics, latex, preservatives, flavorings, a

The third edition of Pediatric Allergy continues this title's steadfast tradition of providing comprehensive, authoritative guidance on the day-to-day diagnosis and management of pediatric allergic and immunologic diseases. You'll have the most up-to-date research at hand thanks to an easily accessible full-color format that highlights a host of new chapters, extensive updates, and clinically focused coverage. Whether you're a student, resident, pediatrician or allergist, you'll appreciate this user-friendly and versatile source for providing optimal care! Includes diagnostic tests available for asthma, upper respiratory allergy, and more. Equips you with an understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying allergic diseases. Features coverage of drug allergies and cross-reactivity. Highlights clinical pearls discussing the best approaches to the care and treatment of pediatric patients. Appendices listing common food allergies and autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases make for quick reference to essential material. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Revised asthma section examines current asthma guidelines; school-centered asthma programs; exercise-induced asthma; and new directions in asthma therapy. Includes the most current knowledge relating to emerging asthma within young children, medication adherence, and the impact of infection on the natural history of asthma. New information on gene therapy, stem-cell therapy, and a host of new immunodeficiency diseases helps you obtain the best results from the therapeutics for pediatric allergic and immunologic diseases. Features brand-new chapters on immunopathology; diagnostics and management; potential immunotherapeutic strategies for treating food allergies; current status of immunotherapy for food allergy; and biologic therapies. Focused coverage of today's hot topics in pediatric allergy includes the use of targeted biologics to treat specific activation pathways leading to severe allergic diseases; defects of innate immunity; rheumatic diseases of childhood; and inflammatory disorders. Discusses new studies examining potential etiologies for the increase in food allergy and examines potential immunotherapeutic strategies for treating food allergies. New evidence-based principles of medical care help you make the best use of available medications for your patients.

Tort law is often regarded as the clearest example of traditional common law reasoning. Yet, in the past 40 years, the common law of England and Wales has been subject to European influences as a result of the introduction of the European Communities Act 1972 and, more recently, the implementation of the Human Rights Act 1998 in October 2000. EU Directives have led to changes to the law relating to product liability, health and safety in the workplace, and defamation, while Francovich liability introduces a new tort imposing State liability for breach of EU law. The 1998 Act has led to developments in privacy law and made the courts reconsider their approach to public authority liability and freedom of expression in defamation law. This book explores how English tort law has changed as a result of Europeanisation - broadly defined as the influence of European Union and European human rights law. It also analyses how this influence has impacted on traditional common law reasoning. Has Europeanisation led to changes to the common law legal tradition or has the latter proved more resistant to change than might have been expected?

This book summarizes the state-of-the art in the development of T cell-based in vitro assays, which offer useful tools for hazard identification, risk assessment and improvement of diagnostics. It will be of interest to scientists, the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, and regulators involved in the replacement of animal testing methods.The identification of hazardous chemicals and drugs is essential to ensuring human health. The ban on animal testing for the cosmetics industry since 2009 and international efforts to reduce and replace animal testing in research and immunotoxicology call for alternative in vitro methods. The most specific immune response to chemicals and drugs that cause allergic contact dermatitis, respiratory disease and adverse drug reactions is the highly antigen-specific T lymphocyte response. Therefore the use of T cells as tools for identifying contact allergens and drugs that may cause health problems is of great interest.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.

Nanofabrication is critical to the realization of potential benefits in the field of electronics, bioengineering and material science. One enabling technology in nanofabrication is Tip-Based Nanofabrication, which makes use of functionalized micro-cantilevers with nanoscale tips. Tip-Based Nanofabrication: Fundamentals and Applications discusses the development of cantilevered nanotips and how they evolved from scanning probe microscopy and are able to manipulate environments at nanoscale on substrates generating different nanoscale patterns and structures. Also covered are the advantages of ultra-high resolution capability, how to use tip based nanofabrication technology as a tool in the manufacturing of nanoscale structures, single-probe tip technologies, multiple-probe tip methodology, 3-D modeling using tip based nanofabrication and the latest in imaging technology.

This work presents a definitive interpretation of the current status of and future trends in natural products—a dynamic field at the intersection of chemistry and biology concerned with isolation, identification, structure elucidation, and chemical characteristics of naturally occurring compounds such as pheromones, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and enzymes. With more than 1,800 color figures, Comprehensive Natural Products II features 100% new material and complements rather than replaces the original work (©1999). - Reviews the accumulated efforts of chemical and biological research to understand living organisms and their distinctive effects on health and medicine - Stimulates new ideas among the established natural products research community—which includes chemists, biochemists, biologists, botanists, and pharmacologists - Informs and inspires students and newcomers to the field with accessible content in a range of delivery formats - Includes 100% new content, with more than 6,000 figures (1/3 of these in color) and 40,000 references to the primary literature, for a thorough examination of the field - Highlights new research and innovations concerning living organisms and their distinctive role in our understanding and improvement of human health, genomics, ecology/environment, and more - Adds to the rich body of work that is the first edition, which will be available for the first time in a convenient online format giving researchers complete access to authoritative Natural Products content

'This book presents a collection of research associated with the emerging e-business technologies and applications, attempting to stimulate the advancement of various e-business frameworks and applications, and to provide future research directions'--Provided by publisher.

Analytical pyrolysis allows scientists to use routine laboratory instrumentation for analyzing complex, opaque, or insoluble samples more effectively than other analytical techniques alone. Applied Pyrolysis Handbook, Second Edition is a practical guide to the application of pyrolysis techniques to various samples and sample types for a dive

The Bibliotheca Teubneriana, established in 1849, has evolved into the world's most venerable and extensive series of editions of Greek and Latin literature, ranging from classical to Neo-Latin texts. Some 4-5 new editions are published every year. A team of renowned scholars in the field of Classical Philology acts as advisory board: Gian Biagio Conte (Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa)Marcus Deufert (Universität Leipzig)James Diggle (University of Cambridge)Donald J. Mastronarde (University of California, Berkeley)Franco Montanari (Università di Genova)Heinz-Günther Nesselrath (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen)Dirk Obbink (University of Oxford)Oliver Primavesi (Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München)Michael D. Reeve (University of Cambridge)Richard J. Tarrant (Harvard University) Formerly out-of-print editions are offered as print-on-demand reprints. Furthermore, all new books in the Bibliotheca Teubneriana series are published as eBooks. The older volumes of the series are being successively digitized and made available as eBooks.If you are interested in ordering an out-of-print edition, which hasn't been yet made available as print-on-demand reprint, please contact us: Tessa.Jahn@degruyter.com All editions of Latin texts published in the Bibliotheca Teubneriana are collected in the online database BTL Online.

Molecular Biology of B Cells, Third Edition is a comprehensive reference to how B cells are generated, selected, activated, and engaged in antibody production. These developmental and stimulatory processes are described in molecular, immunological, and genetic terms to give a clear understanding of complex phenotypes. Molecular Biology of B Cells, Third Edition offers an integrated view of all aspects of B cells to produce a normal immune response as a constant, and the molecular basis of numerous diseases due to B cell abnormality. The new edition continues its success with updated research on B cell development and function, the use of therapeutic antibodies in cancer and infectious disease, therapeutic targeting of B cells for clinical application, new developments in lymphoma biology. With updated research and continued comprehensive coverage of all aspects of B cell biology, Molecular Biology of B Cells, Third Edition is the definitive resource, vital for researchers across molecular biology, immunology, and genetics. - Provides new research on normal versus abnormal B cell development and function - Contains studies on therapeutic antibodies in cancer and infectious diseases - Covers research on therapeutically targeting B cells in inflammation or autoimmune diseases

Molecular nanotechnology has been defined as the three-dimensional positional control of molecular structure to create materials and devices to molecular precision. The human body is comprised of molecules, hence the availability of molecular nanotechnology will permit dramatic progress in human medical services. More than just an extension of'molecular medicine,'nanomedicine will employ molecular machine systems to address medical problems, and will use molecular knowledge to maintain and improve human health at the molecular scale. Nanomedicine will have extraordinary and far-reaching implications for the medical profession, for the definition of disease, for the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions including aging, for our very personal relationships with our own bodies and ultimately for the improvement and extension of natural human biological structure and function. This book will be published in three volumes over the course of several years. Readers wishing to keep up-to-date with the latest developments may visit the nanomedicine website maintained by the Foresight Institute (http://foresight.org/Nanomedicine/index.html).