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Gold Standard consensus-based procedures from the experts. The Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, 5th edition, provides those engaged in microbial analysis of clinical specimens with procedures for the detection, identification, and characterization of microorganisms involved in human infections. This unique and valuable collection of step-by-step descriptions of the numerous testing modalities used in the clinical microbiology laboratory was written and edited by highly knowledgeable laboratorians. The 5th edition features two new sections, one on blood cultures and one on MALDI-TOF MS, and the sections on molecular diagnostics, virology, and serology were extensively revised and updated. Presented over multiple volumes, this handbook enables laboratory staff to perform all analyses, including appropriate quality control recommendations, from the receipt of the specimen through processing, testing, interpretation, presentation of the final report, and subsequent consultation. If you are looking for online access to the latest from this reference or site access for your lab, please visit www.wiley.com/learn/clinmicronow.

Advances in Novel Phytopharmaceuticals covers the current aspects of the development of novel herbal formulations and summarizes their type of active components, biological activity, applications, and toxicity associated with novel herbal formulations. Such distinct types of novel herbal formulations are described to have remarkable advantages over conventional formulations of plant actives and extracts. The book also covers the various herbal phytoconstituents used for novel drug delivery applications. These novel herbal formulations can be used more uprightly and with enhanced efficacy by incorporating them into modern dosage forms. This can be accomplished by designing novel drug delivery systems for herbal ingredients. This book provides key information for everyone interested in novel phytodrug delivery systems and drug discovery, including medicinal chemists, cosmetic experts, nutritionists, toxicologists, drug formulators, and healthcare professionals. Students, professors, and researchers working in pharmaceutical sciences and beyond will also find the book useful.We will also focus on patent filed, technology transfer, market potential, and regulatory aspects of herbal nanomedicines, if any. Research in this area is still in the exploratory stage, and in the market there are no books available that summarize all the contents of the research. As such, we will try to make our full contribution to this area. This book is the continuation of a first volume and readers and the target audience will gain all the latest knowledge in the subject.Aims and scopeð To understand the basic information and application of phytoconstituentsð To understand the various phytoconstituents-based formulations for disease managementð To understand the herbal drugs used for cosmetic applicationsð To understand the phytodrug delivery systems and their applicationsð To provide detailed knowledge about the technical aspects of formulationð To update readers with the latest research progress in this emerging research areað To provide the details about the patents filed, technology transfer, market potential, and regulatory aspects for the same

This extensively updated edition provides a comprehensive review of intensive care for neurologically injured patients from the emergency room and ICU through the operating room and post-surgical period in two comprehensive volumes. The Editors of this first volume present a comprehensive textbook that incorporates best practice/evidence-based medicine and performance improvement, while it champions the three characteristics needed in our neuro–ICUs: patient and family centered high-quality care, education, and discovery. This volume concentrates on neuroanatomy, diagnostic assessment and disease management, examining the neurological problems most frequently seen in intensive care, and describes the various types of neurosurgery and critical features of the management of patients. General issues are discussed across the textbook, such as cardiac care, fluids and electrolytes, nutrition, and monitoring as well as more specific conditions and complications including elevated intracranial pressure, seizures, and altered mental states. Listening to an injured brain is not easy. It takes knowledge, dedication, and understanding of the critically ill patient and their family. Textbook of Neurointensive Care Volume 1: Neuroanatomy, Diagnostic Assessment, Disease Management provides the reader with a detailed resource for studying this most complex area of medicine. It is thus essential reading for all trainees and professionals in critical care, neurosurgery, anesthesia and neurology.

This book highlights the latest clinical research and advancements in 3D (bio)printing and 4D printing using stimulus-responsive hydrogels as well as the concept of self-healing and its amalgamation with 3D printed injectable cell-laden tissue constructs. It also explores the use of metal-free “click” chemistry and enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase, hematin, tyrosinase, and transglutaminase to obtain chemically crosslinked hydrogels and the in vitro and in vivo responses. Lastly, the book briefly examines the future of drug delivery and the potentials offered by microrobotics and self-powered devices based on triboelectric nanogenerators. This book caters to biomedical researchers and clinical practitioners working in tissue reconstruction and drug/therapeutic delivery.

This book highlights recent advances in natural and synthetic biomaterials-based hydrogel for drug delivery carriers and tissue engineering. It covers key topics such as chitosan, alginate, gelatin, cyclodextrin, cellulose, starch, hyaluronic acid, dextran, collagen hydrogel, Injectable hydrogel magnetic hydrogel, DNA-based hydrogels, 3D printing of hydrogels, hydrogel for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, etc. Each chapter develops a particular aspect of recent advances in biomaterial-based Hydrogels delivery systems to cover the importance, fabrication technology, characterization, evaluation, delivery of therapeutic and biomedical applications, and future perspectives. Written by a group of renowned scientists, chemists, biologists, and engineers from around the world, the book is designed as an important reference resource for scientists and researchers working on advanced biomaterials in the fields of pharmaceuticals, biomedical science, biomedical engineering,nanotechnology, and material science for most updated findings and future research trends.

This book is intended to shed light on the computational modeling and experimental techniques that are used in the characterization of various polymer based composite materials. It covers mechanisms, salient features, formulations, important aspects, and case studies of polymer composite materials utilized for various applications. The latest research in this area as well as possible avenues of future research is also highlighted to encourage the researchers.

This book provides a detailed introduction to the characteristics of cerebral aneurysms and the current treatment methods. Cerebral aneurysms are not rare, and they have a high disability and mortality rate. Most patients are unaware that they have a cerebral aneurysm, with the most common being cerebral hemorrhage. The diagnosis and treatment of cerebral aneurysms have been ongoing for more than 100 years. We have achieved excellent results, but there are still many things that we do not know. An increasing number of unruptured cerebral aneurysms are accidentally discovered during neuroimaging examinations. The greatest risk of cerebral aneurysm is the risk of rupture. Due to the extremely high mortality rate, once these aneurysms are detected, systematic treatment is necessary. The earlier a patient is referred to a neurosurgeon or interventional neuroradiologist, the better the outcome will be compared to the patient experiencing rupture. The decision to treat is multifactorial.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in different biological functions, including physiological regulatory mechanisms to damaging alterations involved in the pathogenesis of an increasing number of human diseases. ROS are metabolic products from numerous cells, but two vital cellular organelles are intimately involved in their production and metabolism, i.e. the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria. Excess cellular levels of ROS may cause damage to proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, membranes, and organelles, which may lead to the activation of cell death processes such as apoptosis. Apoptosis is a highly regulated process that is essential for the development and survival of multicellular organisms. These organisms often need to discard superfluous or potentially harmful cells, have accumulated mutations, or become infected by pathogens. Apoptosis features a characteristic set of morphological and biochemical features whereby cells undergo a cascade of self-destruction. Thus, proper regulation of apoptosis is essential for maintaining normal cellular homeostasis. Mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) play a central role in cell signaling and regulating the main pathways of apoptosis, mediated by mitochondria, death receptors, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This book focuses on the current understanding of the role of ROS in each of these three main pathways of apoptosis related to different human diseases, with particular emphasis on Metabolic, Inflammatory, Neurodegenerative, and Neoplastic diseases. It's promise and limitations are also discussed by targeting ROS with different antioxidants in preventing non-communicable diseases. The role of mtROS in the complex interplay and crosstalk between these different signaling pathways of apoptosis related to different human diseases remains to be unraveled further in future research.

The book provides a comprehensive overview of sudden deafness. The volume comprises eleven chapters that are easy to read, amenable, and aim to address all commonly raised questions in daily practice. It starts with a chapter on the concept and epidemiology of sudden deafness, followed by the aetiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, diagnostic assessment, and MRI. The next chapter covers prognostic factors and recovery criteria. The remaining chapters elaborate on treatment options, and the closing chapter presents the available hearing aids for single-sided deafness (SSD). This book is the result of over 20 years of clinical experience, research, and knowledge dissemination on this disease. It will be a valuable resource for ENT specialists, neurology specialists, and family doctors.

This book examines the relationship between the different infectious agents, such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and fungi, in the development of cancer. It is divided into six sections, spanning a range of topics, including infectious agents, main bacterial agents, and eukaryotic microorganisms, and how they contribute to cancer. Chapters also explore the anti-tumor effect of microorganisms, how pathogens induce epigenetic changes that are associated with cancer, and nutritional management for the prevention and treatment of pathogen-associated cancer, from a nutrigenomics perspective. The studies included cover epidemiological and immunological data, different OMICs data in general, and data of pathogens associated with cancer. The book is rounded out with an analysis of the role of glycans and molecular evolution in the progression of cancer.

Nanotechnology can treat diseases by site-specific and target-oriented delivery of precise medicines. Nanomaterials improve the efficacy of drugs and selective diagnosis. The book covers detection and treatment. It explains the use of nanocarriers for a variety of diseases such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, cancer, and ulcerative colitis. It includes topical, transdermal, and ocular drug delivery and combined medication delivery.

This book describes the theoretical background of the different forms of tinnitus (ringing in the ears) and detailed knowledge of state-of-the-art treatments of tinnitus. Tinnitus has many forms, and the severity ranges widely from being non-problematic to severely affecting a person's daily life. How loud the tinnitus is perceived does not directly relate to how much it distresses the patient. Thus, even tinnitus very close to the hearing threshold can be a disabling symptom. It can reduce the quality of life by generating anxiety and concentration problems, impairing the ability to do intellectual work, making it difficult to sleep, causing depression and sometimes even leading to suicide.Textbook of Tinnitus has filled a void by providing a comprehensive overview about the different forms of tinnitus, their pathophysiology and their treatment. However, since the publication of the first edition of the Textbook of Tinnitus in 2011, tinnitus research has dramaticallyevolved. In view of the substantial increase in knowledge, most chapters in this second edition are newly written and a few original chapters have had major updates. This edition has nine sections, covering the basics of tinnitus, the neurobiology of tinnitus, pathophysiological models, animal research, diagnosis and assessment, various forms of management and treatment, and finally, a look at the future of tinnitus and tinnitus research. The book will be of great interest to otolaryngologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, neurosurgeons, primary care clinicians, audiologists and psychologists, and students. Because of its organization and its extensive subject index, Textbook of Tinnitus, Second Edition can also serve as a reference for clinicians who do not treat tinnitus patients routinely.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in nanotechnology as an alternative strategy for addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Examining nanotechnology-based methods such as nanoencapsulation, drug delivery, and conjugation, the text highlights their successful application in treating microbial infections with reduced resistance and off-target toxicity. The introductory section outlines AMR and explores diverse mechanisms of microbial resistance, emphasizing the potential of nanotechnology to surmount these challenges. Subsequent chapters investigate the role of specific nanomaterials—metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, functionalized quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, bimetallic nanoparticles, nanocomposites, carbon nanomaterials, and polymer-based nanomaterials—in overcoming antimicrobial resistance. Several chapters focus on the efficacy of nanoemulsions as an antimicrobial delivery method, underscoring their inherent antimicrobial properties, capacity to enhance drug solubility, stability, bioavailability, and targeting potential at the organ and cellular levels. The concluding section provides a detailed review of liposomes, dendrimers-based nanoparticles, and micelles as drug delivery vehicles in the context of combating pathogens resistant to antimicrobials.

Aromatherapy is a medical practice that uses aromatic compounds or essential oils to influence mood and health. Essential oils used in aromatherapy are created from a wide variety of medicinal plants, flowers, herbs, roots, and trees that are found all over the world and have significant, well-documented benefits on enhancing physical, emotional, and spiritual wellbeing.This book is a comprehensive reference on aromatic compounds present in essential oils and their therapeutic use. Starting from fundamentals of essential oil biosynthesis the book guides the reader through their basic biochemistry, toxicology, profiling, blending and clinical applications. The concluding chapters also present focused information about the therapeutic effects of essential oils on specific physiological systems, plant sources, skin treatment and cancer therapeutics.The combination of basic and applied knowledge will provide readers with all the necessary information for understanding how to develop preclinical formulations and standard clinical therapies with essential oils. This is an essential reference for anyone interested in aromatherapy and the science of essential oils.

This textbook offers a basic understanding of aquatic ecotoxicology from molecular to physiological levels for graduate and advanced undergraduate students. The book covers the guidelines and lab protocols used by international organizations for ecotoxicology studies, and discusses the challenges faced by aquatic organisms in a changing climate from an ecotoxicological perspective. Readers will learn about pollutants, contaminants and chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in aquatic environments, their impacts on environmental and human health, and what techniques can be used to curb and control their adverse impacts. The book will be useful for students in aquatic ecotoxicology, environmental pollution and marine biochemistry.

This book covers fundamental aspects in the preparation of polymeric in-situ, stimuli-responsive hydrogels; the properties, characterization, chemistry, and fabrication of these hydrogels is detailed, helping the reader to select the most appropriate material and design for the desired application. The book goes on to review applications in ophthalmic drug delivery, covering in vitro and in vivo models, animal models, preclinical testing, patents and more. Stimuli-responsive Hydrogels for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery is a must-have reference for researchers and academics in the fields of materials science, biomaterials, pharmacology and polymer science, with an interest in clinical aspects of hydrogel design and application. - Provides step-by-step coverage for engineering in-situ and stimuli-responsive hydrogels, from design, characterization, and toxicity considerations to fabrication, process optimization, and drug release kinetics - Utilizes an interdisciplinary approach, bringing together authors from pharmacology, polymer science, and medical backgrounds - Details the advantages and challenges of using stimuli-responsive hydrogels for ophthalmic drug delivery, with a focus on clinical translation

Ionotropic Cross-Linking of Biopolymers: Applications in Drug Delivery provides in-depth insights and presents the latest advances in ionotropic cross-linked biopolymeric systems for drug delivery and related applications. Sections introduce the fundamentals of ionotropic cross-linking of biopolymers, including mechanisms, chemistry, cross-linking methods and gelation. Additional content delves into ionotropically cross-linked biopolymers based on a range of sources, including alginate, pectinate, carboxymethyl cellulose, gellan gum, chitosan, carboxymethylated gums, plant polysaccharide blends, and synthetic polymer blends. This is followed by a section focusing on ionotropically cross-linked biopolymeric systems, such as polymeric nanoparticles, microparticles, beads, and reinforced matrices.The last part of the book explores specific advanced drug delivery applications, before considering future opportunities and challenges in the field. This is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students across polymer science, biomaterials, biomedicine, pharmaceutics, biotechnology, and chemistry, as well as scientists and R&D personnel working in pharmacy, drug delivery, and materials for biomedicine. - Explains chemistry, mechanisms, preparation methods and applications of biopolymeric systems - Covers a range of biopolymer sources, including alginate, pectinate, gellan gum, chitosan, and others - Guides the reader to cutting-edge applications in drug delivery, drug release, cell delivery and tissue engineering

Natural Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering is a comprehensive reference that provides in-depth principles for supporting and enabling knowledge during the tissue production process, focusing on different cell systems. The tissue fabrication process is illustrated with specific examples for more than 30 tissues, which may soon lead to new tissue engineering therapies. The section coverage includes an overall introduction, decellularization protocols specific to each tissue, characterization, materials and methods, cell seeding process, preclinical evaluation in laboratory animals, clinical applications, limitations, conclusion, and future challenges. Readers may turn to this up-to-date coverage for a widespread understanding of regenerative medicine, which will be useful to students and experts alike. - Covers the basics of regenerative medicine to more advanced topics for clinical applications of tissue-engineered scaffolds - Includes chapters that explore in-depth principles for tissue production process - Provides over 30 tissue examples

An in depth textbook outlining a holistic approach to using herbal medicine to treat specific conditions seen in gynaecology. In a much needed discussion surrounding gynaecological health, Hananja Brice-Ytsma and Nathalie Chidley expertly integrate traditional knowledge and clinical research to tackle a number of gynaecological conditions, outlining comprehensive treatments for each, employing the bounty of herbal medicine. Through distinct and comprehensive chapters, each discussing a different condition, the authors provide clear understanding of the physiological processes behind each condition, deepening the reader's understanding of the herbs in the context of female health. Included in the text are dietary and lifestyle sections with research directly relevant to each condition, enabling a practitioner to make informed, evidence-based recommendations. The second section of the book includes monographs of ‘non hormonal herbs'traditionally used in female health. These are herbs with a long tradition of use in gynaecology and were not covered in the first volume of this series. With its valuable, in-depth research and accessible format – complete with photographs of the relevant herbs – Herbal Medicine in Treating Gynaecological Conditions Volume 2 is a must for the bookshelf of any practitioner or student of herbal medicine. Herbal Medicine in Treating Gynaecological Conditions Volume 1 was co-written with Adrian McDermott and published by Aeon in 2020. It discusses in detail understanding the principles of hormones and herbal influences.

This textbook presents a broad approach to otitis media ranging from the basic to the advanced, and comprehensively reviews the diagnosis, treatment, management, and complications of patients with infections of the middle ear (OM). It has been proven that children whose hearing has been affected by otitis media suffer academically. Since their hearing is impaired, their scholastic performance deteriorates, leading to multiple health and social problems. This in turn has a cascading effect on the child's ability to perform and cope. Quite often these problems are silent and go unrecognized and misdiagnosed. The socioeconomic impact of otitis media is profound and can deeply and adversely impact a child's growth and development if not diagnosed correctly and in a timely manner.The textbook starts by covering the basics, including chapters on classification and terminology, anatomy and embryological development of the inner ear, the immune system and the inner ear, inflammation and infection, genetic predisposition, current treatment strategies including surgical and non-surgical approaches, and hearing devices. Following chapters review the current and future state of the art in OM, including chapters on tympanoplasty, temporal bone cholesteatomas, advanced hearing and balance evaluations, advanced imaging evaluations, and mastoidectomy. Textbook of Otitis Media will be a go-to resource for otorhinolaryngology residents and fellows, pediatricians, ENT surgeons, consultants, nurses, and audiologists.

Esophageal cancer is malignancy of the esophagus. Esophageal tumors usually lead to dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), pain and other symptoms, and are diagnosed with biopsy. Small and localized tumors are treated with surgery, and advanced tumors are treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or combinations. This book presents an in depth look into the identification and treatment of esophageal cancer. This includes identification of esophageal squamous cells, epidemiology of esophageal cancer, atypical regenerative hyperplasia of the esophagus, genomic instability and gene therapy.

Varney's Midwifery continues to be the gold standard for midwifery practice in an updated seventh edition. New lead editors assembled a team of expert contributors and authors to continue the legacy of Varney's Midwifery as the trusted, must-have resource for students, professional midwives, and women's health practitioners. Varney's Midwifery uses current evidence-based guidelines to address the care of women throughout the lifespan, including primary care, gynecology, maternity care in a variety of settings, and newborn care. The Seventh Edition reflects the new Core Competencies for Basic Midwifery Practice published in 2020, including care of transgender individuals and abortion-related care. It also provides updated information on chronic conditions in pregnancy including a section discussing COVID-19, new techniques for fetal screening, diagnosis across the lifespan, and updated content on health equity.

This book presents state of the art knowledge on new techniques and materials that can improve functional and aesthetic results in wound healing while reducing invasiveness, based on the author's extensive personal experience. The aim is to equip the practitioner with all the information required in order to select a strategy that will accelerate wound healing and minimize both the risk of complications and scar formation after the wound has fully healed. The opening chapters set the stage by providing an overview of wound healing, including brief descriptions of the anatomy of the skin, the wound healing process, and advanced wound dressings. A full description follows of the various methodologies employed in repairing acute wounds with the goal of achieving optimal functional and cosmetic outcomes while utilizing the safest and least invasive method. Treatment protocols that have proven successful in closing nonhealing and/or delayed healing chronic wounds are then presented. In addition, a chapter addresses aesthetic procedures using advanced technology in wound healing. The closing chapter presents author's experience with the establishment a hospital wound dressing team. The text is complemented by a comprehensive collection of full-color photos. Since the publication of the second edition, there have been many notable advances in wound healing research. The third edition is expanded and updated to reflect the advancements and new information. Key revisions include new chapters and/or sections on recently developed dressings such as a bioelectric dressing, a fluorescence imaging device of bacteria, usefulness of fibrin glue to support wound healing, graft of 3D-printed micronized adipose tissue, significance of skin hydration level for wound healing, novel staged excision technique to reduce scar length, newly developed risk scoring system to predict wound healing outcomes in diabetic patients, expanded coverage of cell therapy, new devices such as extracorporeal shock wave therapy, and automated SVF cell isolation system.

Polysaccharide Hydrogels for Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine is an archival reference for researchers, students and scientists working on hydrogels based on microbial and animal sources. The book contains Information regarding their synthesis, characterization, and applications in the field of drug delivery and regenerative medicine. Each chapter addresses a separate polysaccharide hydrogel and its suitability in drug delivery and/or regenerative medicine. This is a novel resource that brings together a panel of highly accomplished experts in the field of natural polysaccharides to discuss basic causes and specific problems related to drug delivery and regenerative medicine. - Presents detailed practical and theoretical concepts - Includes fundamentals and methodologies for hydrogel preparation - Covers all hydrogels and specific applications in the field of drug delivery and tissue engineering

This book explores cutting-edge research on the discovery and application of marine bioactive molecules for biomedical and pharmacotherapeutic purposes. The book begins by delving into the bioprospection of marine sponge microbiomes for bioactive metabolites using advanced metagenomics tools. It then explores metagenome mining approaches for the discovery of marine microbial natural products. The use of marine-derived fungi as a source of anticancer secondary metabolites is also discussed. The book then turns to the biomedical applications of marine-derived biomaterials, including marine biopolymers in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Marine-derived pharmaceuticals and polymeric nanostructures for cancer treatment are also examined. Next, the book looks at the use of marine microbial sources for the synthesis of metallic nanomaterials, prospects, current development, and challenges in nanomedicine. The book continues by exploring the treasure trove of natural polymers for tissue engineering in the marine environment. It also discusses the immunomodulatory and therapeutic potential of marine-derived astaxanthin, current developments, and prospects. Finally, the book concludes by exploring the recent progress in marine-derived nutraceuticals and marine phytoplankton bioactive compounds and their applications in medicine.

Historically, natural products have great relevance for the development of new drugs. Natural molecules, in addition to directly providing new compounds with different therapeutic functions have provided scaffolds and a great diversity of structures that serve as inspiration for the design and discovery of new drugs. The great structural complexity and the significant number of natural compounds that can be obtained and their advantages also present some historical problems that need to be overcome. Issues such as difficulty in isolation, difficulty in synthesizing compounds found in nature in the laboratory, screening to evaluate the biological properties of these compounds, and structural optimization to enhance the pharmacological properties of biomolecules; are some of the main difficulties encountered in research with natural products and in the design/discovery of new medicines. Therefore, this book addresses the great scientific advances that provide practical solutions to usingnatural products to develop new drugs. We address topics related to the genesis of research projects that use natural products to design new drugs. We address the discovery of new species, initial processes for identification and extraction of compounds, isolation and identification of these structures, techniques, and advances in vitro and in vivo methods that support the discovery of new natural drugs, synthesis of new compounds from natural molecules, in silico optimization processes of potentially promising compounds.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and the efficacy of cancer drugs is often limited due to poor bioavailability and drug resistance. Traditional treatment strategies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and combinational regimens, are associated with side effects and fail to deliver an adequate amount of the drug to the target site. Chemotherapy has paved the way for novel drug delivery systems in cancer treatment, enhancing efficacy, patient compliance and reducing side effects by specifically targeting the site of action. These novel drug delivery systems employ various drug delivery systems such as nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, transferosomes, transdermal drug delivery systems, intranasal drug delivery systems, and others to improve drug solubility, stability, and controlled release patterns. The application of novel drug delivery systems in chemoimmunotherapy has become a hotspot in cancer treatment, and this book explores the potential of gene therapy alongside recent patents on anticancer formulations. The discussion also extends to clinical trials, which are crucial for validating these novel approaches and ensuring that effective treatments reach patients. The initial chapters provide an overview of current therapeutic approaches, while subsequent chapters focus on the role of nanotechnology in cancer treatment, emphasizing various nanoparticle-based formulations. Liposomes, transdermal drug delivery systems, microsomes, phytosomes, niosomes, intranasal drug delivery systems, and gene-drug delivery systems for cancer therapy are also discussed. Furthermore, the book addresses novel drug delivery systems, patents, and ongoing clinical trials, offering valuable insights for researchers, academicians, and scientists working towards advancements in the therapeutic management of cancer.

Natural Products for Skin Diseases: A Treasure Trove for Dermatologic Therapy is an enlightening journey through the realm of natural remedies for various skin diseases. The editors have compiled information on effective and holistic treatment approaches that can be applied in clinical settings. This book brings diverse range of topics, including skin protection against harmful radiation, natural remedies for burns and wounds, management of skin pigmentation issues, and herbal treatments for scabies. It also explores the potential of natural cosmetics and their future applications, along with the use of natural products and nanoparticles in skin delivery. All chapters are contributed by experts in dermatology and herbal medicine, and are supplemented with scientific references for advanced readers.The book primarily serves as a textbook for students in medicine and dermatologists in training. It also serves as a valuable guide for dermatologists, researchers, and healthcare professionals, revealing the treasure trove of benefits that natural products offer for treating skin diseases.

This book appraises the role of lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDSs) with respect to the bioavailability and controlled delivery of complex drug molecules for improving their clinical viability. It covers the latest developments and advancements in the field of drug delivery, and explores and compiles information on the current situation of lipid-based formulations used as versatile excipients and all their possible routes to improve therapeutic benefits. The book discusses novel formulations such as depot formulations, micro- and nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), liposomes, nanoliposomes, micelles, nanosuspensions, lipid implants and inserts, and lipid nanotubes. It presents preparation methods of LBDDSs and their physicochemical properties, and portrays their various application angles and their impacts on drug-conveyance frameworks when employed in vitro and in vivo. The book is beneficial for researchers working on lipid-based drug formulations as well as biological and translational drug delivery. It is also a useful resource for course work of students of various academic degree programs such as pharmacy, health sciences, biotechnology, and microbiology; postgraduate and PhD students; and postdoctoral fellows researching on nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems.

This book covers a comprehensive update on acute and chronic leukemia. In 54 chapters, authors introduce research progress and clinical trials of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The last decade has seen the integration of genetic and clinical information to determine the prognosis and treatment strategies. This book provides practitioners, researchers and graduate students of Hematology and Hematopathology a comprehensive update on the pathobiology, genomics, classification, diagnosis, monitoring, prognostication and therapy of both acute and chronic leukemias.

Audição e o Ruído é um projeto da Sociedade Brasileira de Otologia, SBO, com o objetivo de atualizar o conhecimento sobre o impacto do ruído na audição, considerando que a perda auditiva induzida pelo ruído representa a segunda causa de surdez na população e a principal doença ocupacional no mundo. Portanto, é um tema extremamente relevante para a população e para os profissionais evolvidos nesta área. Tem um caráter inovador na exploração do tema da relação da audição com o ruído, pois partiu de aspectos de biologia molecular e epidemiologia até a prática clínica e a legislação atual. Portanto, contém o que existe de mais recente nas descobertas e avanços científicos na área, disponibilizando um vasto conhecimento com o objetivo de qualificar o manejo de todos os profissionais envolvidos direta ou indiretamente com o tema. Conta com os maiores especialistas do país como autores em mais 20 capítulos e tem como público-alvo diversos profissionais de diferentes áreas, como otorrinolaringologistas, médicos do trabalho, fonoaudiólogos, clínicos gerais, profissionais de segurança do trabalho além de gestores públicos.

This book focuses on the different compounds (polyphenols, sterols, alkaloids terpenes) that arise from the secondary metabolism of plants and fungi and their importance for research and industry. These compounds have been the backbone and inspiration of various industries like the food, pharmaceutical and others to produce synthetic counterparts. Furthermore, many of these compounds are still widely used to carry out specific functions in all these industries. This book offers a compilation of different texts from world leading scientists in the areas of chemistry, biochemistry, plant science, biotechnology which compile information on each group of secondary metabolism compounds, and their most important applications in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and textile industry. By showcasing the best uses of these compounds, the chemistry behind their production in plants and fungi, this book is a valuable resource and a'go to'artifact for various audiences. The new approach this book offers, by linking research and the application of these compounds, makes it interesting as an inspiration for new research or as a hallmark of what has been done in the secondary metabolism of plants and fungi in recent years. Although this book may be technical, it is also enjoyable as an integral reading experience due to a structured and integrated flow, from the origins of secondary metabolism in organisms, to the discovery of their effects, their high intensity research in recent years and translation into various industries. Beyond learning more on their chemistry, synthesis, metabolic pathway, readers will understand their importance to different research and industry.

This edited collection deals with the structure-property relationships and biomedical applications of carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives in different fields. Readers will detailed overview of the preparatory methods involved in the derivatives of carboxymethyl chitosan and its interaction with metal ions. The chapters provide a detailed overview of the different types of carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives, including the preparatory methods involved, the interactions with metal ions, and the antimicrobial activities. These different forms of carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives are found to be potentially used in food packaging, in enhancing saltiness, as biosensors, and also as wound dressing. Chapters are also devoted to the fabrication and biomedical applications of carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives-based nanofibers as well as the interaction of carboxymethyl chitosan with blood in blood clotting and the underlying mechanism. Contributing authors additionally explore topicsrelated to carboxymethyl chitosan-based hydrogels, films, scaffolds, fibers, and composites. Finally, this volume presents the current challenges in developing biomedical products based on carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives. This book will be of interest not only to chemists, but to all scientists working in the fields of material/environmental science, biological science, and biomaterials. These chapters are great resources for any researcher who works with structure-property relationships, biological interactions, and the applications of carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives in different biomedical fields.

This book features a collection of high-quality and peer-reviewed papers from 2022 13th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, which was held in Shandong, China, during October 21–23, 2022. ICEST is held annually as a platform for presentation of new advances and research results in the fields of Environmental Science and Technology. This year, we focus on the theme: Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development. With the continuous development of human society, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious. How to realize the rational use of resources, realize the sustainable development of ecological environment, and protect the environment on which human beings live has become an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the conference theme this year, the presentations include the topical areas of environmental sustainability, environmental restoration, waste minimization, solid waste management, water pollution control, water treatment and reclamation, air pollution control, carbon capture and storage and environmental monitoring, etc.

This book addresses in a structured and multidisciplinary way the medical issues related to aging, paying particular attention to the role of diagnostic imaging in the field of cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, respiratory, neurological, urogenital and gastrointestinal diseases.The progressive increase of the average age of the population, of life expectancy and the improvement of the quality of life are common phenomena in many countries of the World. Over the years, the management of older persons seems to have had an increasing impact both on the socio-economic and on the medical-health level. Medicine, in all its branches, has in fact focused more and more on the health conditions of the elderly patient and its protection and, in this context, due to the increasing progress in the field of technology and imaging methods, the radiologist occupies a front-line position. Unlike the young or middle-aged patients, the elderly need special care and attention, especiallybecause of the involutive-degenerative senile processes they have to face, which must be taken into account to avoid incurring into misdiagnosis. Radiology, in fact, aims more and more at developing imaging techniques that are on the one hand satisfactory and comprehensive, but at the same time that do not represent any risk and/or obstacle for the elderly patient. The aim of this book is to provide the radiologist, and not only, with an adequate and complete geriatric preparation, thus to improve the diagnostic-therapeutic management of those patients who, to date, constitute the most conspicuous part of the medical-health users.

Bioenhancers have been used in Ayurveda historically and are now being investigated for their pharmacological effi cacy. Herbal bioenhancers work on the gastrointestinal tract to improve absorption and drug bioavailability by acting on the drug metabolic process. Many herbal drugs show low activity due to their poor lipid solubility or improper molecular size. Piperine, gingerol, naringin, quercetin, niaziridin, glycyrrhizin, allicin, curcumin, genistein and others are able to enhance the bioavailability of active pharmaceuticals. This book details various facets of herbal bio-enhancers in a single comprehensive text.

This book represents the first complete and systematic guide to the virus-like particles (VLPs) and their applications as vaccines, therapeutic tools, nanomaterials, and nanodevices. The grouping of the VLPs follows the most recent virus taxonomy and the traditional Baltimore classification of viruses, which are based on the genome structure and mechanism of mRNA synthesis. Within each of the seven Baltimore classes, the order taxon serves as a framework of the chapter's arrangement. The term'VLP'is used as a universal designation for the virus-, core-, or capsid-like structures, which became an important part of the modern molecular virology. The 3D structures, expression systems, and nanotechnological applications are described for VLPs in the context of the original viruses and uncover their evolving potential as novel vaccines and medical interventions. Key Features Presents the first full guide to the VLP nanotechnology, classified by current viral taxonomy Outlines specific structural properties and interconnection of the virions and VLPs Explains generation and characteristics of VLPs produced by various expression systems Offers up-to-date summary of VLPs designed as vaccines and delivery tools Unveils interconnection of VLPs with novel organic and inorganic nanomaterials

The quintessential clinical guide for audiologists on tinnitus and hyperacusis patient managementSince publication of the first edition in 2005, new developments have impacted the treatment paradigm for tinnitus, such as sensory meditation and mindfulness. Tinnitus Treatment: Clinical Protocols, Second Edition, by world-renowned tinnitus experts and distinguished authors Richard S. Tyler and Ann Perreau provides comprehensive background information, up-to-date strategies, essential tools, and online supplementary materials grounded in years of clinical experience and research. It fills a gap in graduate education and available materials to empower audiologists to effectively treat patients suffering from bothersome to severely debilitating symptoms associated with tinnitus or hyperacusis.The textbook includes 15 chapters, starting with three chapters on tinnitus models, treatment approaches, and self-treatment options. The next three chapters summarize counseling approaches for audiologists and psychologists, including introduction of the three-track psychological counseling program for managing tinnitus. Chapters 7 and 8 discuss the use of hearing aids in patients with hearing loss-related tinnitus and sound therapy using wearable devices. Chapter 9 covers smartphone apps for tinnitus assessment, management, and education and wellness, including discussion of limitations. The last six chapters provide guidance on tinnitus management topics including treating children, implementing outcome measures, hyperacusis treatment, and future directions.Key FeaturesNew relaxation/distraction tactics including meditation, mindfulness, guided imagery, biofeedback, progressive muscle relaxation, art and music therapy, exercise, and exploration of new hobbiesTreatment guidance for patients with tinnitus associated with Meniere's disease, vestibular schwannoma, unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and middle ear myoclonusDiscussion and research-based evidence covering Internet-delivered self-help treatment strategiesNew supplemental videos, brochures, handouts, questionnaires, and datasheets enhance knowledge, scope of practice, and incorporation of effective approaches into clinical practiceThis is a must-have resource for every audiology student and advanced courses, as well as essential reading for all audiologists who feel underprepared in managing tinnitus and/or hyperacusis.

Biomaterials for Angiogenesis and Vasculogenesis covers the application of materials designed to encourage new blood vessel formation. Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis play an important role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine research by promoting vascular networks inside engineered tissues and thereby increasing tissue healing and regeneration. However, researchers are faced with the challenge of finding suitable materials for improving angiogenesis and vascular formation in assays. This book reviews a broad range of biomaterials for the promotion of blood vessel genesis, from polymers and bioactive glass, to nanomaterial scaffolds and 3D angiogenic constructs. In addition, the book covers a variety of applications for biomaterials in tissue repair and regeneration, including cardiovascular regeneration, liver tissue engineering and much more. It will serve as a detailed reference for researchers in academia and industry, working in the fields of biomedical science and engineering, materials science, regenerative medicine and translational medicine. - Introduces readers to the molecular and cellular basis of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis - Helps researchers find suitable biomaterials to promote angiogenesis in engineered tissues and assays - Describes a range of biomaterials and their properties, including glass-ceramics, nano-carriers, polymers, and more

New Strategies Targeting Cancer Metabolism: Anticancer Drugs, Synthetic Analogues and Antitumor Agents presents up-to-date synthetic strategies for three categories of antimetabolites: antifolates, purines and pyrimidines, the main classes of antimetabolites which are integrated into various pharmaceutical agents. Many of these antimetabolites are considered potent chemotherapeutic agents which have great potential impact on medical research. These main classes of antimetabolites are used in the treatment of critical diseases including cancer, malignancies, autoimmune diseases, and many other non-malignant diseases. Antineoplastic drugs such as alkylating agents which have significant effects are described. Novel synthetic strategies for many anticancer alkylating agents including nitrogen mustards, chlorambucil, melphalan, ifosamide, oxaliplatin and temozolomide are explored. Natural products have offered some of the most significant drugs for treating cancer, as many drugs currently in clinical use are derived from natural products as camptothecins, vinca alkaloids, and derivatives of podophyllotoxin. They provide a contribution that is essential for modern drug discovery and development. In this book, insights into a broad array of novel compounds are reviewed, well-recognized synthetic approaches are emphasized for further anticancer drug development and discovery, and the biological evaluation of novel synthesized compounds are included. This comprehensive reference is a valuable resource for medical chemists working in drug discovery and development, as well as pharmacologists and biochemists working in related fields. - Provides the only resource dedicated to synthetic strategies of antimetabolites - Features synthetic strategies for nucleosides and their analogues - Includes coverage of purine-, pyrimidine- and antifolate-based anticancer drugs - The most significant anticancer alkylating agents and natural products are demonstrated

This book explores in depth a wide range of functional biomaterials-based systems for drug, gene delivery, and biomedical aspects. The chapters cover newer technologies such as polymeric micelle, pH-responsive biomaterials, stimuli-responsive hydrogels, silk fibroin, inorganic biomaterials, synthetic biomaterials, 3D printed biomaterials, metallic biomaterials, ceramic and hybrid biomaterials. It also describes the theranostic approaches for cancer therapy, the biomaterials-based nanofibers scaffolds in tissue engineering, as well as the strategies applications of metallic biomaterials for the medical and dental prosthetic field. This newer and updated approach will be attractive for biomedical engineering students working on materials science in the development of novel drug delivery strategies. The book will be an important reference for researchers and professionals working on biomaterial research in the pharmaceutical and medical fields.

With the start of 2020, the wrath of pandemic challenged the scientific community to develop more advanced drug delivery approaches for biomedical applications, endowing conventional drugs with additional therapeutic benefits and minimum side effects. Although significant advancements have been done in the field of drug delivery, there is a need to focus towards strategizing novel and improved drug delivery systems that should be convenient and cost-effective to the patients, and simultaneously they should also provide financial benefits to pharmaceutical companies. Controlled drug delivery technology offers ample opportunities and scope for improvising the therapeutic efficacy of drugs via optimizing thedrug release rate and time. For this endeavour, smart nanomaterials have served as remarkable candidates for biomedical applications, owing to their ground-breaking properties and design. The development of such nanomaterials requires a broad knowledge related to their physio-chemical properties, molecular structure, mechanisms by which the nanomaterials interact with the cells, and methods by which drugs are released at the site of action. This knowledge must also be allied with the knowledge of signaling crosstalk mechanisms that are modulated by the nanomaterial-drugs composite. It can be anticipated that these emerging drug delivery technologies can facilitate the world to successfully encounter such pandemic outbursts in the future in a cost-effective and time-effective manner. The chapters in this book deal with the advanced technologies and approaches that can benefit advanced students, researchers, and industry experts in developing smart and intelligent nanomaterials for future biomedical applications, and development, manufacturing, and commercialization for controlled and targeted drug delivery.

Natural Polymers in Wound Healing and Repair: From Basic Concepts to Emerging Trends presents comprehensive coverage on the development and application of natural polymers in wound healing and repair, including fundamental concepts, traditional approaches, cutting-edge methods and emerging trends. The application of natural polymers has evolved from their use in the simplest wound management material, to drug eluting matrices, to cell-laden constructs, and to 3D bio-printed skin equivalents. This book reflects the remarkable progress that has been made in recent years in this innovative field. This is an essential resource for researchers, scientists, and advanced students across polymer science, biomaterials, bio-based and sustainable materials, biomedicine, biomedical engineering, pharmaceuticals, and materials science and engineering. It will also be valuable to R&D professionals, scientists, technologists and all those working in a medical setting who are interested in the latest developments in advanced materials for wound management, healing and repair. - Provides up-to-date coverage of natural polymer-based biomaterials in wound healing and repair, covering sources, processing and properties - Describes cellular and molecular events in wound healing - Introduces conventional and advanced methodologies for wound management - Offers a comprehensive understanding of state-of-the-art and emerging concepts in wound healing, including drug-eluting matrices, cell-laden systems and personalized bio-fabrication strategies

This second of three related volumes, designed as a reference tool for the understanding and treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia and Female Pattern Hair Loss (AGA/FPHL), is structured in 4 sections: 63 dedicated chapters covering every aspect of medical (non-surgical, non-invasive) and nutritional treatment options and clinical effects. FDA-approved hair growth drugs, every frequently prescribed'off-label'or experimental drug, hormones, cosmeceuticals, and popular fraudulent controversial products are all presented in 26 chapters, with figures, tables, algorithms, and thousands of fully updated and balanced literature citations. Filling a gap in the latest literature, Androgenetic Alopecia From A to Z: Drugs, Herbs, Nutrition, and Supplements includes a thorough review of lifestyle and nutritional factors specifically affecting AGA/FPHL, including excessive caloric intake, high-fat diets, caloric deprivation, alcohol abuse, and smoking. The intricate effects of nutrition on hair loss, one of the most neglected and misunderstood fields in Dermatology, are presented as well, with a plethora of clinically valuable information: why food supplements are so popular, the regulatory minefield of supplements, and the life-threatening perils of nutritional supplementation, are all reviewed extensively. Each vitamin, major mineral, and trace element implicated in follicular physiology is reviewed in altogether 24 dedicated chapters according to their specific effects on the hair follicle, food sources, dietary recommendations, and the impact of deficiency or excess. This volume includes a comprehensive chapter on the understanding of Complementary-Alternative Medicine (CAM). CAM is an umbrella term for methods that lie outside evidence-based medicine and a part of a societal trend towards the rejection of science as a method of determining facts. The pitfalls and challenges in understanding botanicals with reported hair growth properties, from publication bias to lack of standardization, as well as their unpredictable pharmacological and physiological effects, are all explained in detail. Finally, all popular botanical products reported to possess hair growth properties are appraised in 14 dedicated chapters, each including a detailed review of the general effects, the suggested biochemical mechanisms, claimed actions on the hair follicle, all available studies, and hundreds of literature citations. This carefully crafted book will be an invaluable reference tool for dermatologists and all clinical practitioners dealing with Androgenetic Alopecia and Female Pattern Hair Loss and will help them answer challenging patient questions, debunk myths on hair growth drugs, and supplements and navigate patients towards effective and safe treatment schemes.

Covering the entire spectrum of this fast-changing field, Diagnostic Imaging: Head and Neck, fourth edition, is an invaluable resource for neuroradiologists, general radiologists, and trainees—anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference on today's head and neck imaging. Dr. Philip R. Chapman and his team of highly regarded experts provide up-to-date information on recent advances in disease identification, imaging techniques, and tumor staging to help you make informed decisions at the point of care. The text is lavishly illustrated, delineated, and referenced, making it a useful learning tool as well as a handy reference for daily practice. - Serves as a one-stop resource for key concepts and information on head and neck imaging, including a wealth of new material and content updates throughout - Features more than 2,800 illustrations including radiologic images, full-color illustrations, clinical and gross pathology photographs, and histology photographs, as well as an additional 2,200 digital images online - Features numerous new chapters and updates from cover to cover including changes to staging of HPV-related/p16(+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; new metastatic disease imaging recommendations, protocols, and treatments; and the latest knowledge on the genetics of various congenital conditions and syndromes - Reflects new Lugano and WHO classifications for staging lymphomas; updates in the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th Edition; and updates from the 2018 ISSVA Classification regarding avoidance of outdated and inappropriate terminology and nomenclature that can lead to misdiagnosis or inappropriate treatments - Uses bulleted, succinct text and highly templated chapters for quick comprehension of essential information at the point of care

Técnicas Cirúrgicas Básicas em Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervicofacial foi cuidadosa_x0002_mente planejado para atender a uma grande demanda cirúrgica de todos otorrinolaringolo_x0002_gistas, que é o passo a passo das técnicas cirúrgicas mais comumente realizadas. Aborda as cirurgias mais realizadas no dia a dia da laringe, da orelha, do nariz e seios paranasais, da estética facial, da otorrinolaringologia pediátrica, da medicina do sono e da cirurgia de cabeça e pescoço. Todos os capítulos estão formatados de forma bastante direta ao ponto e de modo prático, incluindo aspectos do pré, trans e pós-operatório. É uma obra para ser consulta antes de qualquer cirurgia para revisão dos detalhes mais importantes de cada etapa. Desenhos e vídeos ajudam a ilustrar os tempos cirúrgicos descritos.

This book provides comprehensive, cutting-edge scientific data on acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, an area that has not been fully addressed in many nephrology textbooks. This book covers all relevant aspects of the disease, from historical aspects and pathogenesis to diagnosis, pathological findings, treatment, and prognosis and outcomes. The chapters also discuss both immune and non-immune mediated forms of the disease, as well as entities causing tubulointerstitial disease such as medications and toxins, infectious agents, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, genetic diseases, infiltrative disease and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology. The text features up-to-date educational materials that will benefit both basic and clinical scientists. Written by experts in the field, Tubulointerstitial Nephritis is a valuable resource for clinicians, practitioners, researchers and trainees working in the field of nephrology and internalmedicine.

Encyclopedia of Infection and Immunity, Four Volume Set provides new insights into the interactions between bacteria, fungi, parasites and their hosts. Specific areas of interest include host cellular and immune response to microbes, molecular mechanisms of action of beneficial microbes or host-associated microbial communities, microbial pathogenesis, virulence factors, experimental models of infection, host resistance or susceptibility, and the generation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Comprised of over 200 chapters written and edited by leading experts in the field, this book will serve as a key resource for students, researchers, academics and industry practitioners in the fields of microbiology, immunology, and infectious diseases. More than 100 years after Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur established the microbial etiology of communicable diseases, the field of microbiology is experiencing a second period of rapid growth and expansion, driven by the realization that changes in host-associated microbial communities might be at the root of a broad spectrum of noncommunicable human diseases. These advances follow on the heels of recent progress in high-throughput sequencing technology, which has provided a wealth of information on the human microbiome and its physiological potential. - 2023 PROSE Awards - Winner: Finalist: Reference Works – Biological and Life Sciences: Association of American Publishers - Offers a contemporary review of current infection and immunity research, and insights into the future direction of the field - Meticulously researched and cross-referenced to allow students, researchers and professionals to find relevant information quickly and easily - Includes chapters written by academics and practitioners from various fields and regions, ensuring that the knowledge within is easily understood by, and applicable to, a large audience