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Human and Animal Microbiome Engineering provides both basic and detailed information about microbiome engineering for the health enhancement of humans and animal populations. The book provides updated information about current research topics in this emerging field, including microbiome gene therapy, engineered probiotics, and smart living biotic machines for the release of therapeutics. The book is divided into 4 sections covering microbiome engineering application with a focus on future perspectives in human health and enhancement; microbiome engineering in human health and disease including real-world case studies; animal microbiome engineering essentials; and microbiome engineering for livestock improvement. This is the perfect reference for researchers and scientists to further explore the relationship between host and microbiome and discover novel ideas about the concepts of microbiome engineering in the health enhancement of humans and animal populations. - Provides information about the basic and advanced topics of microbiome engineering - Offers a customized combination of microbial engineered based therapies to promote human health - Includes hot topics like fecal microbiota transplantation for the control of Cl. difficile infection, next generation probiotics, and probiotic engineered microbiomes

This book explores the essence of immunity. After an initial review of hypotheses, models, and theories proposed to explain immune phenomena in humans and mice, it summarizes the results from synchronic organism‑level analyses and diachronic analyses tracing phylogeny. These results suggest that immunity is coextensive with life and is equipped with functions similar to the nervous system. Philosophical reflection with reference to Spinoza and Canguilhem suggests immunity is part of the essence of life—and the essence of immunity embraces mental elements with normativity. Approaching the essence of any phenomenon in this way is called'metaphysicalization of science.'This book demonstrates the potential of this approach and contributes to a richer understanding of nature.Key Features Reviews the history of immunological theories Discusses and integrates science and philosophy Provides a biological framework for cognition and self vs. nonself Inspired by Auguste Comte's'The Law of Three Stages'

This volume introduces the place of Arroyo Hondo Pueblo in our understanding of Southwestern Archaeology in the Northern Rio Grande. The author discusses the reanalysis of the skeletal and mortuary remains that draws on a half century of research since the original excavations were conducted by the School of American Research from 1970-1974 under the direction of Douglas W. Schwartz. The volume offers a close read of the mortuary evidence at Arroyo Hondo Pueblo and integrates ideas about corn as a central feature of Tewa cosmology with this crop as the paramount dietary staple. The author discusses the health consequences of dry-farming subsistence and present evidence for malnutrition and other dietary issues and finally describes the impact of malnutrition and other maladies on the everyday lives of Arroyo Hondo's villagers. This volume is for readers interested in bioarchaeology, paleopathology, and Southwestern Archaeology.

Revised by a collaborative, international, interdisciplinary team of editors and authors, this edition of the Manual of Clinical Microbiology includes the latest applications of genomics and proteomics and is filled with current findings regarding infectious agents, leading-edge diagnostic methods, laboratory practices, and safety guidelines. This edition also features four new chapters: Diagnostic Stewardship in Clinical Microbiology; Salmonella; Escherichia and Shigella; and Morganellaceae, Erwiniaceae, Hafniaceae, and Selected Enterobacterales. This seminal reference of microbiology continues to set the standard for state-of-the-science laboratory practice as the most authoritative reference in the field of microbiology. If you are looking for online access to the latest from this reference or site access for your lab, please visit www.wiley.com/learn/clinmicronow.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th Asian Conference on Intelligent Information and Database Systems, ACIIDS 2024, held in Ras Al Khaimah, UAE, during April 15–18, 2024. The 58 full papers are presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 251 submissions. They are organized in topical sections as follows: Part One: AI-driven Cybersecurity Solutions; AI-driven Medical Analytics; Computational Intelligence; and Data Modelling and Information Systems. Part Two: Image and Video Processing; Prediction and Recommendation Systems; and Text, Speech and Natural Language Processing.

This book focuses on the importance of women's entrepreneurship policy in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The book's contributions demonstrate a link between the nature of policy implications, the various theoretical perspectives used, and whether scholars'policy implications have transformed as the field of women's entrepreneurship study has advanced. The book looks deeper into the reasons why there seems to be a big gap between formal women's entrepreneurship legislation and actual business support services. What can be done to close policy and program gaps? What can government policy do to foster an entrepreneur-friendly environment? What level and form of government intervention in the economy should be to attain this goal? These issues have been hotly debated for a long time, and this book seeks answers to these questions. An institutional approach to analysing government policies is encouraged because macro-level regulations, social norms, and culture influence fostering women's entrepreneurial activities. The book and its contributions draw on gender and institutional theory to recommend policy initiatives and measures to combat the lower entrepreneurship rates among the women population. Researchers and policymakers will benefit significantly from this book since it contains ideas for improving policy measures, the entrepreneurial ecosystem for women, and areas for further research. Women entrepreneurs have different motives and goals than men when starting a business.

In our modern world, it is easy to overlook the natural world all around us. Only major life events, such as birth, injury, disease, and death, remind us that we are still biological organisms. We'interact'with nature in controlled and safe environments, such as zoos, theme parks, or through different forms of media. Television shows, films, and books are nearly always in exotic locations (e.g., the Kalahari Desert, the deep ocean, or Antarctica), but they inadvertently reinforce our separation from nature. Biology happens somewhere else. Author Gary Howard seeks to change that perception. The Biology of Us describes the common but fascinating examples of biology and nature that are hidden in plain sight in our daily lives. It focuses on human biology, but describes animals and plants all around, on, and in us to put human features into an evolutionary context. Many aspects of ourselves and our normal activities are examples of evolution: breathing, eating, standing up, communicating, telling time, and more. This book illustrates evolutionary strategies used successfully by common organisms for hundreds of millions of years. Howard shows that the organisms in our daily lives are not trivial neighbors or even pests but are just as amazing as those in the Serengeti or the Galápagos Islands.

This comprehensive reference work presents an up-to-date survey of the current scientific understanding of the metabolic syndrome, as well as an overview of the most significant advances in the field. The book offers a thorough reference for obesity and the metabolic syndrome and will prove an indispensable resource for clinicians, researchers and students. The obesity epidemic has generated immense interest in recent years due to the wide-ranging and significant adverse health and economic consequences that surround the problem. Much attention has been focused on excessive consumption of energy-dense food, sedentary lifestyle, and other behaviors that contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. However, obesity is a highly complex condition that is influenced by genetic as well as environmental factors. The metabolic syndrome comprises of central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dsylipidemia. The incidence of metabolic syndrome is growing worldwide, affecting more than one-third of adults in some countries. The metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing coronary artery disease and stroke, and it is closely associated with fatty liver, dementia, cancer, sleep apnea, kidney failure, and other diseases. This reference work covers the full range of scientific and clinical aspects of obesity and metabolic syndrome: epidemiology, genetics, environmental factors, pathophysiology, diseases associated with obesity, pediatric obesity, and clinical management.

The book presents a collection of the high-quality research articles in the field of power engineering, grid integration, energy management, soft computing, artificial intelligence, signal and image processing, data science techniques, and their real-world applications. The papers are presented at International Conference on Power Engineering and Intelligent Systems (PEIS 2023), held during June 24 – –25, 2023, at National Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.

This book reviews the relationship between cytokines, glia, and neurons in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and examines the mechanisms of action of the drugs used for the treatment of these disorders. Increasing evidence has suggested that glia perform important roles in various brain functions, but much remains to be learned about these crucial cells and their interplay with neurons. In addition, a better understanding of the interaction between inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, and the activated immune response will be of critical importance for the development of new therapeutic strategies. These key areas are the focus of this book, which documents the latest research findings in the field. Evidence is provided for the role of inflammation-induced toxic metabolites from the tryptophan pathway in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. In presenting state of the art knowledge on the interactions between cytokines, glia, and neurons, the book will help to pave the way for the development of novel targets for the prevention and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

This book synthesizes important areas of research and clinical focus in the gut microbiome and provides an up-to-date reference for clinicians seeking to expand their knowledge. The breadth and complexity of gut microbiome research makes it difficult for physicians and clinicians to access information. To aid readers, Clinical Understanding of the Human Gut Microbiome integrates a variety of human gut microbiome research so that physicians and clinicians can then make the best decisions in the care of their patients. The book will provide an overview of the different players in the gut microbiome, including bacteria, yeast and other fungi, archaea, parasites, and viruses. It also describes how these microbes and their products and metabolites influence diverse clinical areas including diabetes, functional gastrointestinal disorders, colorectal cancer, and neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and the potential of emerging treatments. Clinical Understanding of the Human Gut Microbiome is an important resource for physicians and clinical researchers looking to understand the human gut microbiome.

This book features a collection of high-quality, peer-reviewed research papers presented at first ‘World Conference on Intelligent and 3-D Technologies'(WCI3DT 2022), held in China during May 24–26, 2022. The book provides an opportunity for the researchers and academia as well as practitioners from industry to publish their ideas and recent research development work on all aspects of 3D imaging technologies and artificial intelligence, their applications, and other related areas. The book presents ideas and the works of scientists, engineers, educators, and students from all over the world from institutions and industries.

Comprehensive Gut Microbiota, Three Volume Set provides new insights into gut microbiota as a critical mediator of human health and well-being. Comprehensive chapters, split across three volumes, present trusted and authoritative sources of information for novel human gut microbiome and health research. The book focuses on the fascinating intestinal microbiome and its interaction with food, food bioactive components, nutrition and human health. Chapters address the core science in the microbiota field and draw links between the microbiome, food, nutrition and health interaction. The text reflects the current state of evidence available in the field of microbiota, its regulation at the individual and population level, and the importance of the microbiome to human health. Each section includes introductory chapters that present key concepts about the section objective. Later sections focus on the novel findings of the gut microbiome, food and nutrition science. Human studies and systematic literature reviews are also discussed throughout the work. - Provides a comprehensive introduction to gut microbiota research and its role and relation to human health - Consolidates new research on how gut microbiota affects nutrition and vice versa, offering increased understanding of methodologies and the complexity of microbiome-health science - Written by leading experts from various fields and regions, ensuring that the knowledge within is easily understood by, and applicable to, a large audience

A road traffic participant is a person who directly participates in road traffic, such as vehicle drivers, passengers, pedestrians, or cyclists, however, traffic accidents cause numerous property losses, bodily injuries, and even deaths to them. To bring down the rate of traffic fatalities, the development of the intelligent vehicle is a much-valued technology nowadays. It is of great significance to the decision making and planning of a vehicle if the pedestrians'intentions and future trajectories, as well as those of surrounding vehicles, could be predicted, all in an effort to increase driving safety. Based on the image sequence collected by onboard monocular cameras, we use the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based network with an enhanced attention mechanism to realize the intention and trajectory prediction of pedestrians and surrounding vehicles. However, although the fully automatic driving era still seems far away, human drivers are still a crucial part of the road‒driver‒vehicle system under current circumstances, even dealing with low levels of automatic driving vehicles. Considering that more than 90 percent of fatal traffic accidents were caused by human errors, thus it is meaningful to recognize the secondary task while driving, as well as the driving style recognition, to develop a more personalized advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) or intelligent vehicle. We use the graph convolutional networks for spatial feature reasoning and the LSTM networks with the attention mechanism for temporal motion feature learning within the image sequence to realize the driving secondary-task recognition. Moreover, aggressive drivers are more likely to be involved in traffic accidents, and the driving risk level of drivers could be affected by many potential factors, such as demographics and personality traits. Thus, we will focus on the driving style classification for the longitudinal car-following scenario. Also, based on the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP 2) naturalistic driving database, the relationships among drivers'demographic characteristics, sensation seeking, risk perception, and risky driving behaviors are fully discussed. Results and conclusions from this short book are expected to offer potential guidance and benefits for promoting the development of intelligent vehicle technology and driving safety.

This book highlights recent research on intelligent systems and nature-inspired computing. It presents 132 selected papers from the 21st International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA 2021), which was held online. The ISDA is a premier conference in the field of computational intelligence, and the latest installment brought together researchers, engineers and practitioners whose work involves intelligent systems and their applications in industry. Including contributions by authors from 34 countries, the book offers a valuable reference guide for all researchers, students and practitioners in the fields of Computer Science and Engineering.

The 39-volume set, comprising the LNCS books 13661 until 13699, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2022, held in Tel Aviv, Israel, during October 23–27, 2022. The 1645 papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 5804 submissions. The papers deal with topics such as computer vision; machine learning; deep neural networks; reinforcement learning; object recognition; image classification; image processing; object detection; semantic segmentation; human pose estimation; 3d reconstruction; stereo vision; computational photography; neural networks; image coding; image reconstruction; object recognition; motion estimation.

This two-volume set LNCS 13344 and 13345 constitutes the proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Swarm Intelligence, ICSI 2022, which took place in Xi'an, China, in July 2022. The theme of this year's conference was “Serving Life with Swarm Intelligence”. The 85 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 171 submissions. The papers of the second part cover topics such as: Swarm Robotics and Multi-agent System; Deep Neural Networks; Machine Learning; Data Mining; Other Optimization Applications; ICSI-OC'2022: Competition on Single Objective Bounded Optimization Problems; Swarm Intelligence and Nature-Inspired Computing; Swarm-based Computing Algorithms for Optimization; Particle Swarm Optimization; Ant Colony Optimization; Genetic Algorithm and Evolutionary Computation; Fireworks Algorithms; Brain Storm Optimization Algorithm; Swarm Intelligence Approach-based Applications; Multi-Objective Optimization.

Selected as a Doody's Core Title for 2022! Defining the field of immunology for 40 years, Paul's Fundamental Immunology continues to provide detailed, authoritative, up-to-date information that uniquely bridges the gap between basic immunology and the disease process. The fully revised 8th edition maintains the excellence established by Dr. William E. Paul, who passed away in 2015, and is now under new editorial leadership of Drs. Martin F. Flajnik, Nevil J. Singh, and Steven M. Holland. It's an ideal reference and gold standard text for graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, basic and clinical immunologists, microbiologists and infectious disease physicians, and any physician treating diseases in which immunologic mechanisms play a role.

Animal Models for the Development of Cancer Immunotherapy Provides readers with a clear understanding of the value and challenges of using common and emerging preclinical models in cancer immunotherapy research and development. Animal models are essential tools for studying a range of issues in preclinical and clinical research on therapies targeting cancerous tumors. As clinical trials of advances in cancer immunotherapy are predicted to outpace preclinical research in the near future, there remains an urgent need to develop better animal models for preclinical evaluation of novel modulators. Animal Models for the Development of Cancer Immunotherapy provides a detailed overview of different preclinical model systems for development of novel cancer immunotherapies while highlighting how key aspects of individual models translate into clinical findings. Covering the introduction, development, and therapeutic applications of animal models for cancer immunotherapy, this comprehensive volume helps pharmacologists identify suitable animal models, design pharmacological or translational studies, and advance their mechanistic understanding of therapeutic agents, and increase the possibility of success for novel immunotherapies in clinical settings. Chapters written by prominent leaders in the field address specific models that evaluate immuno-oncology drugs are supported by in-depth case studies and extensive references throughout. Emphasizes the importance of modeling tumor metastasis in preclinical models for efficient translation of findings into the clinic Explores recently discovered mechanisms of resistance and their preclinical modeling Highlights the unique characteristics and features of autologous and allogeneic approaches for humanization of mouse models Reviews development of bone marrow-liver-thymus (BLT) immune humanized mice and emerging alternative models such as genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) Discusses alternative animal models for cancer research such as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) pigs Animal Models for the Development of Cancer Immunotherapy is an essential resource for scientists and researchers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, medicinal chemists and biochemists, cell and molecular biologists, pharmacologists, immunologists, and clinicians.

Probiotics: Advanced Food and Health Applications presents the functional properties and advanced technological aspects of probiotics for food formulation, nutrition, and health implications. Specifically, the book addresses the fundamentals of probiotics, from their discovery to actual developments, the microbiological aspects of the main genus showing probiotic properties, the natural occurrence of probiotic strains in foods, the development of nutraceuticals based on probiotics, and the relationship of probiotics to health. The book also includes a discussion on regulatory aspects. This book is an excellent resource for food scientists, nutritionists, dieticians, pharmaceutical scientists, and others working with probiotics or studying related fields. - Introduces basic concepts on probiotics and describes the properties of main microorganisms with applications in probiotics - Provides a description on the natural presence of probiotics in different food matrixes and how probiotics can be developed for incorporation in food formulations - Offers advice on how probiotics can be used as nutritional input, along with their value on the preservation of healthy intestinal status, and their potential benefits in specific illnesses - Contains definitions, applications, literature reviews and recent developments - Includes a general introduction to the subject, taxonomy, biology, primary sources of probiotics and development of probiotics as food ingredients, human nutrition and health properties, and the use of high-throughput technologies in probiotics characterization

Data-Driven Traffic Engineering: Understanding of Traffic and Applications Based on Three-Phase Traffic Theory shifts the current focus from using modeling and simulation data for traffic measurements to the use of actual data. The book uses real-world, empirically-derived data from a large fleet of connected vehicles, local observations and aerial observation to shed light on key traffic phenomena. Readers will learn how to develop an understanding of the empirical features of vehicular traffic networks and how to consider these features in emerging, intelligent transport systems. Topics cover congestion patterns, fuel consumption, the influence of weather, and much more. This book offers a unique, data-driven analysis of vehicular traffic in traffic networks, also considering how to apply data-driven insights to the intelligent transport systems of the future. - Provides an empirically-driven analysis of traffic measurements/congestion based on real-world data collected from a global fleet of vehicles - Applies Kerner's three-phase traffic theory to empirical data - Offers a critical scientific understanding of the underlying concerns of traffic control in automated driving and intelligent transport systems

Now in a fully revised Fourth Edition, Modern Epidemiology remains the gold standard text in this complex and evolving field. This edition continues to provide comprehensive coverage of the principles and methods for the design, analysis, and interpretation of epidemiologic research. Featuring a new format allowing space for margin notes, this edition • Reflects both the conceptual development of this evolving science and the increasing role that epidemiology plays in improving public health and medicine. • Features new coverage of methods such as agent-based modeling, quasi-experimental designs, mediation analysis, and causal modeling. • Updates coverage of methods such as concepts of interaction, bias analysis, and time-varying designs and analysis. • Continues to cover the full breadth of epidemiologic methods and concepts, including epidemiologic measures of occurrence and effect, study designs, validity, precision, statistical interference, field methods, surveillance, ecologic designs, and use of secondary data sources. • Includes data analysis topics such as Bayesian analysis, probabilistic bias analysis, time-to-event analysis, and an extensive overview of modern regression methods including logistic and survival regression, splines, longitudinal and cluster-correlated/hierarchical data analysis, propensity scores and other scoring methods, and marginal structural models. • Summarizes the history, specialized aspects, and future directions of topical areas, including among others social epidemiology, infectious disease epidemiology, genetic and molecular epidemiology, psychiatric epidemiology, injury and violence epidemiology, and pharmacoepidemiology.

This book examines the complex impact of prenatal stress and the mechanism of its transmission on children's development and well-being, including prenatal programming, epigenetics, infl ammatory processes, and the brain-gut microbiome. It analyzes current findings on prenatal stressors affecting pregnancy, including preconception stress, prenatal maternal depression, anxiety, and pregnancy-specific anxieties. Chapters explore how prenatal stress affects cognitive, affective, behavioral, and neurobiological development in children while pinpointing core processes of adaptation, resilience, and interventions that may reduce negative behaviors and promote optimal outcomes in children. Th is complex perspective on mechanisms by which early environmental influences interact with prenatal programming of susceptibility aims to inform clinical strategies and future research targeting prenatal stress and its cyclical impact on subsequent generations.Key areas of coverage include:The developmental effects of prenatal maternal stress on children.Epigenetic effects of prenatal stress.Intergenerational transmission of parental early life stress.The microbiome-gut-brain axis and the effects of prenatal stress on early neurodevelopment.The effect of prenatal stress on parenting.Gestational stress and resilience.Prenatal stress and children's sleeping behavior.Prenatal, perinatal, and population-based interventions to prevent psychopathology.Prenatal Stress and Child Development is an essential resource for researchers, professors and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and related professionals in infancy and early childhood development, maternal and child health, developmental psychology, pediatrics, social work, child and adolescent psychiatry, developmental neuroscience, and related behavioral and social sciences and medical disciplines.Excerpt from the foreword:“I would make the plea that in addition to anyone with an interest in child development, this book should be essential reading for researchers pursuing “pre-clinical, basic science models of neurodevelopment and brain health”…. This book provides what in my mind is the most advanced compilation of existing knowledge and state-of-the-art science in the field of prenatal psychiatry/psychology (and perhaps in the entire field of prenatal medicine). This volume can brilliantly serve to focus future directions in our understanding of the perinatal determinants of brain health.”Michael J MeaneyJames McGill Professor of MedicineTranslational Neuroscience Programme Adjunct Professor of Paediatrics

The intestine is among the leading organs, in which several cutting edge in vitro and in vivo research tools and approaches have recently been developed and used to investigate stem cell biology/function, and the potential applications of stem cells in the treatment of intestinal diseases. These cutting-edge research tools and approaches involve human and murine organoid cultures, genetic editing in vitro and in vivo, human induced pluripotent cell (iPS cell) models of disease, haploid cells for genetic as well as compound screening paradigms, genetically engineered mice, and stem cell transplantation to cure diseases. Stem Cell Innovation in Health and Disease: Volume 1: The Intestine contains two major sections describing cutting edge research for understanding stem cell functions in the intestine, and for developing methods to bring stem cells from bench to bedside; respectively. Each section includes insights ranging from using mouse and human organoid cultures, genetic editing in vitro and in vivo, and human induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) to study stem cell functions and model intestinal diseases, through the cutting-edge research, including the potential application of iPSCs, ESCs and blood stem cells (stem cell transplants) in the treatment of intestinal diseases/disorders. This volume, therefore, discusses the fact-based promise of stem cells and regenerative medicine in the intestine in the real world. - Provides intensive scientific background and most recent information on cutting edge research to understand intestinal stem cell functions and develop methods to bring stem cells from bench to bedside for different intestinal diseases - Analyzes the current state, opportunities, and challenges of innovative technologies and stem cells from bench to bed, including organoids and the CRISPR gene editing system in the intestine - Contains two major sections describing cutting-edge research for understanding stem cell functions and for developing methods specific to the intestine

The two-volume set LNCS 12385 + 12386 constitutes the proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications, WASA 2020, which was held during September 13-15, 2020. The conference was planned to take place in Qingdao, China; due to the COVID-19 pandemic it was held virtually. The 67 full and 14 short papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 216 submissions. These submissions cover many hot research topics, including machine-learning algorithms for wireless systems and applications, Internet of Things (IoTs) and related wireless solutions, wireless networking for cyber-physical systems (CPSs), security and privacy solutions for wireless applications, blockchain solutions for mobile applications, mobile edge computing, wireless sensor networks, distributed and localized algorithm design and analysis, wireless crowdsourcing, mobile cloud computing, vehicular networks, wireless solutions for smart cities, wireless algorithms for smart grids, mobile social networks, mobile system security, storage systems for mobile applications, etc.

The 30-volume set, comprising the LNCS books 12346 until 12375, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2020, which was planned to be held in Glasgow, UK, during August 23-28, 2020. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 1360 revised papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 5025 submissions. The papers deal with topics such as computer vision; machine learning; deep neural networks; reinforcement learning; object recognition; image classification; image processing; object detection; semantic segmentation; human pose estimation; 3d reconstruction; stereo vision; computational photography; neural networks; image coding; image reconstruction; object recognition; motion estimation.

Toxoplasma gondii: The Model Apicomplexan - Perspectives and Methods, Third Edition, reflects significant advances in the field in the last five years, including new information on the genomics, epigenomics and proteomics of T. gondii, along with a new understanding of the population biology and genetic diversity of this organism. This edition expands information on the effects of T. gondii on human psychiatric disease and new molecular techniques, such as CAS9/CSPR. T gondii remains the best model system for studying the entire Apicomplexa group of protozoans, which includes Malaria, making this new edition essential for a broad group of researchers and scientists. - Presents a complete review of molecular and cellar biology and immunology of Toxoplasma gondii combined with methods and resources for working with this pathogen - Provides a single source reference for a wide range of scientists and physicians working with this pathogen, including parasitologists, cell and molecular biologists, veterinarians, neuroscientists, physicians and food scientists - Covers recent advances in the genomics, related bioinformatics analysis, epigenomics, gene regulation, genetic manipulation and proteomics of T. gondii - Details advances in the molecular and cellular biology and immunology of Toxoplasma, and in the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of toxoplasmosis

This Monograph provides the clinician with an up-to-date summary of the substantial evidence in our understanding of pleural disease. It covers key aspects relevant to clinicians, including mechanisms, pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnostics, relevant experimental models and interventions. Although broad in scope, readers will be able to reach into individual chapters to gain a focused summary of specific areas relevant to their clinical or scientific practice.

The proceedings set LNCS 11727, 11728, 11729, 11730, and 11731 constitute the proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, ICANN 2019, held in Munich, Germany, in September 2019. The total of 277 full papers and 43 short papers presented in these proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 494 submissions. They were organized in 5 volumes focusing on theoretical neural computation; deep learning; image processing; text and time series; and workshop and special sessions.

In einer sich rasant verändernden Welt sieht sich die Automobilindustrie fast täglichmit neuen Herausforderungen konfrontiert: Der problematischer werdende Rufdes Dieselmotors, verunsicherte Verbraucher durch die in der Berichterstattungvermischte Thematik der Stickoxid- und Feinstaubemissionen, zunehmendeKonkurrenz bei Elektroantrieben durch neue Wettbewerber, die immer schwierigerwerdende öffentlichkeitswirksame Darstellung, dass ein großer Unterschiedzwischen Prototypen, Kleinserien und einer wirklichen Großserienproduktion besteht.Dazu kommen noch die Fragen, wann die mit viel finanziellem Einsatz entwickeltenalternativen Antriebsformen tatsächlich einen Return of Invest erbringen, wer dienotwendige Ladeinfrastruktur für eine Massenmarkttauglichkeit der Elektromobilitätbauen und finanzieren wird und wie sich das alles auf die Arbeitsplätzeauswirken wird.Für die Automobilindustrie ist es jetzt wichtiger denn je, sich den Herausforderungenaktiv zu stellen und innovative Lösungen unter Beibehaltung des hohenQualitätsanspruchs der OEMs in Serie zu bringen. Die Hauptthemen sind hierbei,die Elektromobilität mit höheren Energiedichten und niedrigeren Kosten der Batterienvoranzutreiben und eine wirklich ausreichende standardisierte und zukunftssichereLadeinfrastruktur darzustellen, aber auch den Entwicklungspfad zum schadstofffreienund CO2-neutralen Verbrennungsmotor konsequent weiter zu gehen. Auch dasautomatisierte Fahren kann hier hilfreich sein, weil das Fahrzeugverhalten dann –im wahrsten Sinne des Wortes - kalkulierbarer wird.Dabei ist es für die etablierten Automobilhersteller strukturell nicht immer einfach,mit der rasanten Veränderungsgeschwindigkeit mitzuhalten. Hier haben Start-upseinen großen Vorteil:Ihre Organisationsstruktur erlaubt es, frische, unkonventionelleIdeen zügig umzusetzen und sehr flexibel zu reagieren. Schon heute werdenStart-ups gezielt gefördert, um neue Lösungen im Bereich von Komfort, Sicherheit,Effizienz und neuen Kundenschnittstellen zu finden. Neue Lösungsansätze,gepaart mit Investitionskraft und Erfahrungen, bieten neue Chancen auf dem Weg derElektromobilität, der Zukunft des Verbrennungsmotors und ganz allgemein für dasAuto der Zukunft.

This volume focuses on challenging field in biomedicine that is the genetic control of central immune tolerance. It covers the thymus development, their cellular components and their respective function, the peculiar gene expression profiling (transcriptome) found in the medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) that are implicated in the self-representation in the thymus, the Autoimmune regulator (Aire) gene, the mutations in this gene and manifestation of autoimmune diseases, and the role of cell-cell interactions within the thymus with implications in the negative selection (elimination) of nascent autoreactive T cells in preventing aggressive autoimmunity. The thymus gland is a lymphoid organ implicated in the maturation, differentiation and selection of T cells. This organ is gained more and more attention in different biomedical research labs worldwide due to its function that is associated with the control of immune homeostasis in the body, establishing the central immune tolerance and preventing the onset of autoimmune diseases.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Runtime Verification, RV 2018, held in Limassol, Cyprus, in November 2018. The 21 full papers presented together with 3 short papers and 3 tool papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 49 submissions. The RV conference is concerned with all aspects of monitoring and analysis of hardware, software and more general system executions. Runtime verification techniques are lightweight techniques to assess correctness, reliability, and robustness; these techniques are significantly more powerful and versatile than conventional testing, and more practical than exhaustive formal verification.Chapter “Hardware-based Runtime Verification with Embedded Tracing Units and Stream Processing” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Papers presented at the 7th in a series of interdisciplinary conferences on safety and security engineering are contained in this book. The papers include the work of engineers, scientists, field researchers, managers and other specialists involved in one or more of the theoretical and practical aspects of safety and security.

Comprehensive Toxicology, Third Edition, Fifteen Volume Set discusses chemical effects on biological systems, with a focus on understanding the mechanisms by which chemicals induce adverse health effects. Organized by organ system, this comprehensive reference work addresses the toxicological effects of chemicals on the immune system, the hematopoietic system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, hepatic toxicology, renal toxicology, gastrointestinal toxicology, reproductive and endocrine toxicology, neuro and behavioral toxicology, developmental toxicology and carcinogenesis, also including critical sections that cover the general principles of toxicology, cellular and molecular toxicology, biotransformation and toxicology testing and evaluation. Each section is examined in state-of-the-art chapters written by domain experts, providing key information to support the investigations of researchers across the medical, veterinary, food, environment and chemical research industries, and national and international regulatory agencies. Thoroughly revised and expanded to 15 volumes that include the latest advances in research, and uniquely organized by organ system for ease of reference and diagnosis, this new edition is an essential reference for researchers of toxicology. - Organized to cover both the fundamental principles of toxicology and unique aspects of major organ systems - Thoroughly revised to include the latest advances in the toxicological effects of chemicals on the immune system - Features additional coverage throughout and a new volume on toxicology of the hematopoietic system - Presents in-depth, comprehensive coverage from an international author base of domain experts

T cells play a vital role mediating adaptive immunity, a specific acquired resistance to an infectious agent produced by the introduction of an antigen. There are a variety of T cell types with different functions. They are called T cells, because they are derived from the thymus gland. This volume discusses how T cells are regulated through the operation of signaling mechanisms. Topics covered include positive and negative selection, early events in T cell receptor engagement, and various T cell subsets.

This textbook is a practical guide to the use of small animal imaging in preclinical research that will assist in the choice of imaging modality and contrast agent and in study design, experimental setup, and data evaluation. All established imaging modalities are discussed in detail, with the assistance of numerous informative illustrations. While the focus of the new edition remains on practical basics, it has been updated to encompass a variety of emerging imaging modalities, methods, and applications. Additional useful hints are also supplied on the installation of a small animal unit, study planning, animal handling, and cost-effective performance of small animal imaging. Cross-calibration methods and data postprocessing are considered in depth. This new edition of Small Animal Imaging will be an invaluable aid for researchers, students, and technicians involved in research into and applications of small animal imaging.

The two-volume set LNCS 10426 and LNCS 10427 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, CAV 2017, held in Heidelberg, Germany, in July 2017.The total of 50 full and 7 short papers presented together with 5 keynotes and tutorials in the proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 191 submissions. The CAV conference series is dedicated to the advancement of the theory and practice of computer-aided formal analysis of hardware and software systems. The conference covers the spectrum from theoretical results to concrete applications, with an emphasis on practical verification tools and the algorithms and techniques that are needed for their implementation.

Research on driver behaviour over the past two decades has clearly demonstrated that the goals and motivations a driver brings to the driving task are important determinants for driver behaviour. The importance of this work is underlined by statistics: WHO figures show that road accidents are predicted to be the number three cause of death and injury by 2020 (currently more than 20 million deaths and injuries p.a.). The objective of this second edition, and of the conference on which it is based, is to describe and discuss recent advances in the study of driving behaviour and driver training. It bridges the gap between practitioners in road safety, and theoreticians investigating driving behaviour, from a number of different perspectives and related disciplines. A major focus is to consider how driver training needs to be adapted, to take into account driver characteristics, goals and motivations, in order to raise awareness of how these may contribute to unsafe driving behaviour, and to go on to promote the development of driver training courses that considers all the skills that are essential for road safety. As well as setting out new approaches to driver training methodology based on many years of empirical research on driver behaviour, the contributing road safety researchers and professionals consider the impact of human factors in the design of driver training as well as the traditional skills-based approach. Readership includes road safety researchers from a variety of different academic backgrounds, senior practitioners in the field of driver training from regulatory authorities and professional driver training organizations such as the police service, and private and public sector personnel who are concerned with improving road safety.

The biennial CONTROLO conferences are the main events promoted by The CONTROLO 2016 – 12th Portuguese Conference on Automatic Control, Guimarães, Portugal, September 14th to 16th, was organized by Algoritmi, School of Engineering, University of Minho, in partnership with INESC TEC, and promoted by the Portuguese Association for Automatic Control – APCA, national member organization of the International Federation of Automatic Control – IFAC. The seventy-five papers published in this volume cover a wide range of topics. Thirty-one of them, of a more theoretical nature, are distributed among the first five parts: Control Theory; Optimal and Predictive Control; Fuzzy, Neural and Genetic Control; Modeling and Identification; Sensing and Estimation. The papers go from cutting-edge theoretical research to innovative control applications and show expressively how Automatic Control can be used to increase the well being of people.

This four-volume set (CCIS 643, 644, 645, 646) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th Asia Simulation Conference and the First Autumn Simulation Multi-Conference, AsiaSim / SCS AutumnSim 2016, held in Beijing, China, in October 2016. The 265 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 651 submissions. The papers in this first volume of the set are organized in topical sections on modeling and simulation theory and methodology; model engineering for system of systems; high performance computing and simulation; modeling and simulation for smart city.

Encyclopedia of Immunobiology, Five Volume Set provides the largest integrated source of immunological knowledge currently available. It consists of broad ranging, validated summaries on all of the major topics in the field as written by a team of leading experts. The large number of topics covered is relevant to a wide range of scientists working on experimental and clinical immunology, microbiology, biochemistry, genetics, veterinary science, physiology, and hematology. The book is built in thematic sections that allow readers to rapidly navigate around related content. Specific sections focus on basic, applied, and clinical immunology. The structure of each section helps readers from a range of backgrounds gain important understanding of the subject. - Contains tables, pictures, and multimedia features that enhance the learning process - In-depth coverage allows readers from a range of backgrounds to benefit from the material - Provides handy cross-referencing between articles to improve readability, including easy access from portable devices

Mucosal Immunology, now in its fourth edition, is the only comprehensive reference covering the basic science and clinical manifestations of mucosal immunology. Most infectious agents enter the body through the various mucous membranes, and many common infections take place in or on mucous membranes, making this subject an area of singular importance in the field of immunology. This book contains new research data, exceptional illustrations, original theory, a new perspective, and excellent organization. It covers immune system topics, such as inductive and effector tissues and cells, and development and physiology of the mucosal barrier; diseases in the digestive system, respiratory tract, and genitourinary tract; and immunodeficiency. - The most comprehensive text on mucosal immunology from internationally recognized experts in the field - Includes exceptional color illustrations, new research data, original theory and information on all mucosal diseases - Contains nine new chapters and an expanded appendix

From driverless cars to vehicular networks, recent technological advances are being employed to increase road safety and improve driver satisfaction. As with any newly developed technology, researchers must take care to address all concerns, limitations, and dangers before widespread public adoption. Transportation Systems and Engineering: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications addresses current trends in transportation technologies, such as smart cars, green technologies, and infrastructure development. This multivolume book is a critical reference source for engineers, computer scientists, transportation authorities, students, and practitioners in the field of transportation systems management.

Every year since 1976, Project Censored, our nation's oldest news-monitoring group—a university-wide project at Sonoma State University founded by Carl Jensen, directed for many years by Peter Phillips, and now under the leadership of Mickey Huff—has produced a Top-25 list of underreported news stories and a book, Censored, dedicated to the stories that ought to be top features on the nightly news, but that are missing because of media bias and self-censorship.A perennial favorite of booksellers, teachers, and readers everywhere, Censored is one of the strongest life-signs of our current collective desire to get the news we citizens need--despite what Big Media tells us.

What new theories, evidence, explanations, and policies have shaped our studies of income distribution in the 21st century? Editors Tony Atkinson and Francois Bourguignon assemble the expertise of leading authorities in this survey of substantive issues. In two volumes they address subjects that were not covered in Volume 1 (2000), such as education, health and experimental economics; and subjects that were covered but where there have been substantial new developments, such as the historical study of income inequality and globalization. Some chapters discuss future growth areas, such as inheritance, the links between inequality and macro-economics and finance, and the distributional implications of climate change. They also update empirical advances and major changes in the policy environment. - The volumes define and organize key areas of income distribution studies - Contributors focus on identifying newly developing questions and opportunities for future research - The authoritative articles emphasize the ways that income mobility and inequality studies have recently gained greater political significance

'This book highlights entirely new and detailed spatial-temporal micro-simulation methodologies for human mobility and the emerging dynamics of our society, offering novel ideas grounded in big data from various data mining and transportation science sources'--Provided by publisher.

A single source of information for researchers and professionals, Traffic Simulation and Data: Validation Methods and Applications offers a complete overview of traffic data collection, state estimation, calibration and validation for traffic modelling and simulation. It derives from the Multitude Project-a European Cost Action project that incorpo

The 6th International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED2012) showcased research on human locomotion. This book presents the proceedings of PED2012.Humans have walked for eons; our drive to settle the globe began with a walk out of Africa. However, much remains to discover. As the world moves toward sustainability while racing to assess and accommodate climate change, research must provide insight on the physical requirements of walking, the dynamics of pedestrians on the move and more. We must understand, predict and simulate pedestrian behaviour, to avoid dangerous situations, to plan for emergencies, and not least, to make walking more attractive and enjoyable.PED2012 offered 70 presentations and keynote talks as well as 70 poster presentations covering new and improved mathematical models, describing new insights on pedestrian behaviour in normal and emergency cases and presenting research based on sensors and advanced observation methods. These papers offer a starting point for innovative new research, building a strong foundation for the next conference and for future research.

The papers contained herein were presented at the Fourth International Conference on Composite Structures (ICCS/4) held at Paisley College of Technology, Scotland in July 1987. The Conference was organised and sponsored by Paisley College of Technology. It was co-sponsored by the Scottish Development Agency, the National Engineering Laboratory, the US Air Force European Office of Aerospace Research and Development and the US Army Research, Development and Standardisation Group­ UK. It forms a natural and ongoing progression from the highly successful First, Second and Third International Conferences on Composite Structures (ICCS/l, ICCS/2 and ICCS/3) held at Paisley in 1981, 1983 and 1985 respectively. There is little doubt that composite materials are rightfully claiming a prominent role in structural engineering in the widest sense. Moreover, the range and variety of useful composites has expanded to a level inconceivable a decade ago. However, it is also true that this increasing utilisation has generated an enhanced awareness of the manifold factors which dictate the integrity of composite structures. This is indeed a healthy attitude to a relatively new dimension in structural engineering which will have an increasingly dominant role as the century progresses. Both the diversity of application of composites in structural engineering and the endeavours which will ensure their fitness for purpose are reflected herein.