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This book is the second edition of the one originally published in 2017. The original publication features the discovery of numerous novel applications for the use of smartphones and portable media devices for the quantification of gait, reflex response, and an assortment of other concepts that constitute first-in-the-world applications for these devices. Since the first edition, numerous evolutions involving the domain of wearable and wireless systems for healthcare have transpired warranting the publication of the second edition. This volume covers wearable and wireless systems for healthcare that are far more oriented to the unique requirements of the biomedical domain. The paradigm-shifting new wearables have been successfully applied to gait analysis, homebound therapy, and quantifiable exercise. Additionally, the confluence of wearable and wireless systems for healthcare with deep learning and neuromorphic applications for classification is addressed. The authors expect that these significant developments make this book valuable for all readers.

Modern Methods for Affordable Clinical Gait Analysis: Theories and Applications in Healthcare Systems is a handbook of techniques, tools and procedures for the study and improvement of human gait. It gives a concise description of clinical gait analysis, especially gait abnormality detection problems and therapeutic interventions using inexpensive devices. A brief demonstration on validation testing of these devices for its clinical applicability is also presented. Content coverage also includes step-by-step processing of the data acquired from these devices. Future perspectives of low-cost clinical gait assessment systems are explored. This book bridges the gap between engineering and biomedical fields as it diagnoses and monitors neuro-musculoskeletal abnormalities using the latest technologies. The authors discuss how early detection technology allows us to take precautionary measures, in order to delay the degeneration process, through development of a clinical gait analysis tool. One unique feature of this book is that it pays significant attention to the challenges of conducting gait analysis in developing countries with limited resources. This reference will guide you through setting up a low-cost gait analysis lab. It explores the relationship between vision-based pathological gait detection, the design of tools for gait diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. - Provides a concise tutorial on affordable clinical gait analysis - Analyses clinical validation of low-cost sensors for gait assessment - Documents recent and state-of-the-art low-cost gait abnormality detection systems and therapeutic intervention procedures

Gait analysis is the systematic study of human walking, using the eye and brain of experienced observers, augmented by instrumentation for measuring body movements, body mechanics, and the activity of the muscles. Since Aristotle's work on gait analysis more than 2000 years ago, it has become an established clinical science used extensively in the healthcare and rehabilitation fields for diagnosis and treatment.Forensic Gait Analysis details the more recent, and rapidly developing, use of gait analysis in the forensic sciences. The book considers the use of observational gait analysis, based on video recordings, to assist in the process of identification or exclusion. With the increase in use of CCTV and surveillance systems over the last 20 to 30 years, there has been a steady and rapid increase in the use of gait as evidence. Currently, gait analysis is widely used in the UK in criminal investigations, with increasing awareness of its potential use in the US, Europe, and globally.The book details the history of the science, current practices, and of the emergent application to establish best-practice standards that conform to those of other forensic science disciplines. Engagement with the Forensic Science Regulator, and the Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences in the UK, and the International Association for Identification has helped to ensure and enhance the quality assurance of forensic gait analysis. However, there remains a fundamental lack of standardized training and methodology for use in evidentiary and investigative casework. This book fills that void, serving as one of the first to describe the current state of practice, capabilities and limitations, and to outline methods, standards of practice and expectations of the gait analyst as a forensic practitioner. Forensic Gait Analysis reflects current research and forensic practice and will serve as a state-of-the-art guide to the use of gait analysis in the forensic context—for both education and training purposes. It will be a welcome addition to the libraries of professionals in the areas of podiatry, gait analysis, forensic video analysis, law enforcement, and legal practice.

Forensic Gait Analysis examines the inter-section of podiatric medicine with forensic investigation—that which links or dissociates a suspect to a crime through analysis of their gait, that is their movement—how an individual walks, runs, and bends. This book provides a concise explanation of how an individual's gait and biomechanics are forensically analysed and compared, using video imagery in the process of human identification and investigations. Along with the presentation and delivery of material with case law references illustrating the use of expert evidence. Gait analysis is a long-standing component of the diagnostic and therapeutic tool set of medical disciplines, although the knowledge goes back much further.The area has also captured the interest of technology engineers and others, as the development and use of forensic gait analysis as an investigative and evidential device continues to widen. Features:• Presents succinct knowledge on forensic gait analysis.• 100+ illustrations with photographs and diagrams; over 850 references.• Considers the technical and scientific basis of the field including, the history of gait, musculoskeletal, neurology, emotions and gait, forensic statistics, photogrammetry, and recognises the trajectory of development into IT and software solutions.• Coverage on CCTV imagery and other video footage for use in the process of identification and investigations.• Details are provided on report writing and giving expert evidence in the legal systems.• Contributors across all subject areas.This definitive fully referenced text on Forensic Gait Analysis is a welcome publication for healthcare professionals, lawyers, counsel, investigators, forensic practitioners, and students wishing to know more on the subject and this growing domain.

Balance, Gait, and Falls, Volume 159 presents the latest information on sensorimotor anatomy, sensory integration, gravity and verticality, standing balance, balance perturbations, voluntary stepping and gait initiation, gait and gait adaptability, disorders of balance and gait that result from aging and neurological diseases. The book provides a brief overview of age-related changes in the structure and function of sensorimotor and central processes, with sections specifically devoted to Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, stroke, corticobasal degeneration, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, dystonia, tremor, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, cerebral palsy, polio, motor neuron disease, brainstem lesions, spinal lesions, peripheral nerve disease, and psychogenic conditions. Diseases covered have a common structure comprising background and epidemiology, pathology, balance disorders, gait disorders, falls, therapies (including fall prevention), and future directions. - Covers all aspects of basic and clinical research on disorders of balance and gait in neurological disease - Presents a multidisciplinary review of balance and gait physiology, the epidemiology and natural history of balance and gait impairments in aging, and a broad range of neurological diseases - Addresses impairments of balance and gait for basic and clinical researchers in neuroscience, human movement science, physiotherapy and exercise physiology

Observational Gait Analysis: A Visual Guide is a pedagogical manual and video library that provides a thorough review of key characteristics of normal gait that are important for observational clinical gait analysis.This visual guide by Drs. Jan Adams and Kay Cerny has unique features to further the understanding of examination and evaluation of the subject's gait, such as: Normal and pathological gait are described using figures and graphs, along with gait videos and 3D graphs to show the kinematics and kinetics described Functional tools used as outcome measures to evaluate gait performance in the community environment including Dynamic Gait Test, Six Minute Walk Test, Ten Meter Walk Test, to name a few In addition to the unique features, the pathological gait section presents descriptions of gait deviations included in a new clinical Observational Gait Analysis (OGA) tool, along with probable causes for each of the deviations. Case studies are presented using this new tool for examining and evaluating the subject's gait. Bonus!Students will be able to watch antero-posterior and lateral videos of individuals with gait deviations, complete the OGA tool to document their gait examination, and evaluate their examination results. They will then validate their observational skills by comparing their results to the text's case study OGA results and the skeletal model and motion and moment graphs completed by 3D instrumented analysis of the same individual. The student will then compare their evaluation of causes of deviations to that included in the case study. Included with the text are online supplemental materials for faculty use in the classroom.Observational Gait Analysis: A Visual Guide will be the go-to resource for clinical tools to analyze gait for physical therapy and prosthetic and orthotic students and clinicians, as well as other professionals interested in the clinical analysis of persons with gait disability.

This ground-breaking title begins with an introductory overview of the Lower Extremity Gait Systems (LEGS) project, identifying concerns and observations as context for the reader to consider topics and challenges detailed in later chapters. Next are chapters that explore relevant military and civilian needs, and an essential historical context of the capabilities and limitations of contemporary prosthetics. The section concludes with an overview of essential components used in passive and active lower limb prosthetics, including sockets, foot, ankle, and knee systems, as well as emerging bionic systems. A second section considers research and development in orthotics, synthetic and biological materials, volitional control, and wearable robotics (also known as exoskeletons). Finally, expert authors explore advanced science and emerging medical perspectives in research related to limb salvage, osseointegration, limb transplantation, and tissue engineering. Designed for medical practitioners, engineers, students, and researchers who use or develop prosthetic technology for civilian or military amputees, Full Stride: Advancing the State of the Art in Lower Extremity Gait Systems will be of great interest to trauma specialists, orthopedists, rehabilitation specialists, nursing staff and physical therapists, as well as researchers and scientists who specialize in fields that shape and inform advanced prosthetic device development such as materials sciences, engineering (electrical, mechanical, biomedical), robotics, and human physiology.

Within the context of healthcare, there has been a long-standing interest in understanding the posture and movement of the human body. Gait analysis work over the years has looked to articulate the patterns and parameters of this movement both for a normal healthy body and in a range of movement-based disorders. In recent years, these efforts to understand the moving body have been transformed by significant advances in sensing technologies and computational analysis techniques all offering new ways for the moving body to be tracked, measured, and interpreted. While much of this work has been largely research focused, as the field matures, we are seeing more shifts into clinical practice. As a consequence, there is an increasing need to understand these sensing technologies over and above the specific capabilities to track, measure, and infer patterns of movement in themselves. Rather, there is an imperative to understand how the material form of these technologies enables them also tobe situated in everyday healthcare contexts and practices. There are significant mutually interdependent ties between the fundamental characteristics and assumptions of these technologies and the configurations of everyday collaborative practices that are possible them. Our attention then must look to social, clinical, and technical relations pertaining to these various body technologies that may play out in particular ways across a range of different healthcare contexts and stakeholders. Our aim in this book is to explore these issues with key examples illustrating how social contexts of use relate to the properties and assumptions bound up in particular choices of body-tracking technology. We do this through a focus on three core application areas in healthcare—assessment, rehabilitation, and surgical interaction—and recent efforts to apply body-tracking technologies to them.

This book discusses gait, the control of gait and how different pathological conditions may affect gait, with a unique application of a gait study reviewed at the end. We first discuss methodology issues related to gait quantification and interpretations of different gait-related measures and their theoretical relevancy and clinical applications. The effects of different pathological conditions on gait were then discussed, using diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Parkinson's disease, concussions and lower back pain as examples. A current understanding of how anatomical alternation, central nervous system lesions or the loss of a limb affects gait have been reviewed in two different chapters. Postural control of gait has been examined from both central and peripheral perspectives, while stationary and while walking. The neuromuscular system and how it helps to control an inherently unstable postural system is also discussed, as well as the introduction of the common theories of postural control during standing and walking. The last chapter of the book introduces a novel use of gait studies – gait biometrics were used as a unique identification of any individual based upon their specific characteristics. A person's gait may uniquely identify them and be used to help control access or in surveillance. The book summarizes our current understanding of gait and gait studies. It can be used for college courses, post-graduate studies, as a reference to clinicians or anyone else who is interested in the human gait and gait studies.

Physical therapists and athletes will appreciate this thorough, illustrated study of the oft-overlooked gluteal muscles and their connection to the greater body In The Vital Glutes, author and respected bodywork specialist John Gibbons looks at one of the most neglected areas of the body: the gluteal muscles. He takes readers on a fascinating journey of enlightenment, teaching us to recognize pain and dysfunctional patterns that arise from the gluteal muscles. Gibbons addresses such questions as: Why do the gluteals potentially cause pain and dysfunction in distant sites of the body? How does the gait pattern contribute to pain and dysfunction? And, how can the application of gluteal-specific Muscle Energy Techniques aid full-body well-being? In addition, he provides step-by-step techniques to identify and correct a number of impaired patterns as well as functional gluteal exercises that promote recovery. With full color photographs and illustrations, the book demonstrates how to perform functional assessment testing for the muscles of posture that can become chronically tight—a principal causative factor in dysfunctional glutes. Therapeutic techniques, including gluteal exercises, show how to correct dysfunction and reduce pain. This book will be of great value to physical therapists, athletes, and anyone interested in bodywork.Table of Contents1. Putting the Maximus Back into Gluteus Maximus 2. Muscle Imbalance and the Myofascial Slings 3. The Glutes and the Gait Cycle 4. Leg length discrepancy (LLD), Over-Pronation and its effect on the Glutes5. Functional Anatomy of the Gluteus Maximus (Gmax) 6. Functional Anatomy of the Gluteus Medius (Gmed)7. Muscle Energy Techniques 8. The Antagonistic Cause - the Vital Psoas, Rectus Femoris and Adductors 9. Gmax and Gmed Causing Knee and Ankle Pain

This book is a practical guide to instrumented clinical gait analysis covering all aspects of routine service provision. It reinforces what is coming to be regarded as the conventional approach to clinical gait analysis. Data capture, processing and biomechanical interpretation are all described with an emphasis on ensuring high quality results. There are also chapters on how to set up and maintain clinical gait analysis services and laboratories. The book aims to describe the theoretical basis of gait analysis in conceptual terms. It then builds on this to give practical advice on how to perform the full spectrum of tasks that comprise contemporary clinical gait analysis.

Este texto aborda y hace explícitos aspectos biomecánicos de la marcha integrando la cinética y la cinemática de esta al estudio del movimiento humano desde estados de normalidad. El abordaje biomecánico de la marcha humana es una parte fundamental en las investigaciones en bioingeniería del movimiento humano y en clínica de rehabilitación, para las cuales es necesario comprender tanto el control del movimiento desde los centros integradores, como el desarrollo de la postura y de la dinámica entre los segmentos corporales, los cuales, en posición bípeda, forman una columna que soporta todo el peso corporal dentro de un campo gravitacional. El conocimiento desarrollado en este texto es básico en el estudio del movimiento corporal, en el que la evaluación de la marcha desde los laboratorios de análisis de movimiento a través de los sistemas de captura del movimiento humano permiten no solo conocer el movimiento en las tres dimensiones, sino también la cinética, la cinemática, e incluso datos electromiográficos, que demuestran los cambios dinámicos en la longitud del músculo, así como el registro de la actividad muscular de la persona cuando está en movimiento. Herramientas de alta utilidad en la recolección de datos cuantitativos que permitan de manera objetiva determinadas condiciones de alteración y normalidad.El conocimiento desarrollado en este texto es básico en el estudio del movimiento corporal, en el que la evaluación de la marcha desde los laboratorios de análisis de movimiento a través de los sistemas de captura del movimiento humano permiten no solo conocer el movimiento en las tres dimensiones, sino también la cinética, la cinemática, e incluso datos electromiográficos, que demuestran los cambios dinámicos en la longitud del músculo, así como el registro de la actividad muscular de la persona cuando está en movimiento. Herramientas de alta utilidad en la recolección de datos cuantitativos que permitan de manera objetiva determinadas condiciones de alteración y normalidad.

Whittle's Gait Analysis – formerly known as Gait Analysis: an introduction – is now in its fifth edition with a new team of authors led by David Levine and Jim Richards. Working closely with Michael Whittle, the team maintains a clear and accessible approach to basic gait analysis. It will assist both students and clinicians in the diagnosis of and treatment plans for patients suffering from medical conditions that affect the way they walk. Highly readable, the book builds upon the basics of anatomy, physiology and biomechanics Describes both normal and pathological gait Covers the range of methods available to perform gait analysis, from the very simple to the very complex. Emphasizes the clinical applications of gait analysis Chapters on gait assessment of neurological diseases and musculoskeletal conditions and prosthetics and orthotics Methods of gait analysis Design features including key points A team of specialist contributors led by two internationally-renowned expert editors 60 illustrations, taking the total number to over 180 Evolve Resources containing video clips and animated skeletons of normal gait supported by MCQs, an image bank, online glossary and sources of further information. Log on to http://evolve.elsevier.com/Whittle/gait to register and start using these resources today!

Primate locomotion has typically been studied from two points of view. Laboratory-based researchers have focused on aspects like biomechanics and energetics, whereas field-based researchers have focused on (locomotor) behaviour and ecology. Unfortunately, to date, there is relatively little scientific exchange between both groups. With a book, which will be the result of a symposium on the 2008 Meeting of the International Primatological Society in Edinburgh, we would like to bring together laboratory and field-based primate locomotion studies. We are convinced this will be beneficial for both research lines. For example, biomechanists might wonder how frequently the locomotor style they study in the lab actually occurs in nature, and field workers might use calculated costs of locomotion to understand why certain locomotor behaviours are favoured under specific conditions. Thus, on the one hand, an established link between both groups may help interpret the results by using each other's findings. On the other hand, recent technological advances (e.g. portable high-speed cameras) make it possible to bridge the gap between lab-based and field-based research by actually collecting biomechanical data in situ. Again, communication between both groups is necessary to identify the specific needs and start up achievable and successful research projects in the field. In order to generate a wide interest, we have invited biomechanists, ecologists, and field-based researchers who combine both disciplines, and we hope their combined contributions will facilitate lasting cooperation between the mentioned disciplines and stimulate innovative research in Primatology. We are convinced that the most appropriate format to publish the different symposium contributions is a conference volume within an existing book series. Firstly, the chapters will not only contain new data but will also review existing data and elaborate on potential future work – more so than can bedone in a journal article. Secondly, the combination of chapters will form an entity that is more valuable than the sum of the separate chapters and therefore they need to be presented together. Lastly, this volume will benefit from the typically long'shelf life'of a book in a renowned series, allowing it to be used as reference book for both researchers and students.

Lower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics: Clinical Conceptsis a comprehensive overview of lower-limb prosthetics and orthotics, covering normal and pathological gait, lower-limb biomechanics, clinical applications, as well as prosthetic and orthotic designs and components. Joan Edelstein and Alex Moroz have writtenLower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics with the clinician's perspective in mind. Clinical management is incorporated throughout the text, including basic surgical concepts, postoperative management, preprosthetic care, and training in the use of devices. Additionally, this text incorporates unique features relevant to physicians such as prescription writing and prosthetic and orthotic construction and modification, as well as, the latest research regarding energy consumption and long-term utilization of prostheses.Chapters Include: Orthotics in neuromuscular diseases Orthotics in pediatrics Functional expectations Gait and activities training Transtibial and transfemoral prostheses and components Transtibial and transfemoral biomechanics, evaluation, and gait analysis Disarticulations and Bilateral Amputations With over 150 line drawings and photographs to supplement the text, Lower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics: Clinical Concepts is ideal for clinicians in the fields of physical medicine and rehabilitation, orthopedics, vascular surgery, physical therapy and occupational therapy.

The extensive and ground-breaking work of Dr. Jacquelin Perry is encompassed and detailed in the world renowned text, Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function. The medical, healthcare, and rehabilitation professions key text for over 18 years on gait….Now available in a much anticipated New Second EditionDr. Jacquelin Perry is joined by Dr. Judith Burnfield to present today's latest research findings on human gait. Gait Analysis, Second Edition has been updated and expanded to focus on current research, more sophisticated methods, and the latest equipment available to analyze gait.What is New:• A new chapter covering running• Synergy of motion between the two limbs• A new chapter covering pediatrics • A new chapter covering stair negotiation• New and updated clinical examples• A section on power inside each chapter covering normal gait• New methods and equipment to analyze gaitThis Second Edition to Gait Analysis offers a re-organization of the chapters and presentation of material in a more user-friendly, yet comprehensive format. Essential information is provided describing gait functions, and clinical examples to identify and interpret gait deviations. Learning is further reinforced with images and photographs.Features:• Six sections cover the fundamentals, normal gait, pathological gait, clinical considerations, advanced locomotor functions, and gait analysis systems• Clinical significance of the most common pathological gait patterns• Over 470 illustrations and photographs, as well as 40 tables• Patient examples to illustrate elements of normal and pathological gaitTens of thousands of orthopedic, orthotic and prosthetic, physical therapy, and other rehabilitation professionals have kept a copy of Gait Analysis by their side for over 18 years…join the thousands more who will bring the Second Edition into their clinics, classrooms, and personal collections.

Human Identification Based on Gait is the first book to address gait as a biometric. Biometrics is now in a unique position where it affects most people's lives. This is especially true of'gait', which is one of the most recent biometrics. Recognizing people by the way they walk and run implies analyzing movement which, in turn, implies analyzing sequences of images, thus requiring memory and computational performance that became available only recently. Human Identification Based on Gait introduces developments from distinguished researchers within this relatively new area of biometrics. This book clearly establishes how human gait is biometric. Human Identification Based on Gait is structured to meet the needs of professionals in industry, as well as advanced-level students in computer science.

The diagnosis and treatment of the patient with critically impaired walking abilities present the busy physician with a formidable challenge. This book provides a comprehensive account of the various balance, posture and gait disorders, and of the methods for Their effective Read More...management. The text is divided into five sections dealing wi

Roughly one in ten adult Americans find their walking slowed by progressive chronic conditions like arthritis, back problems, heart and lung diseases, and diabetes. In this passionate and deeply informed book, Lisa I. Iezzoni describes the personal experiences of and societal responses to adults whose mobility makes it difficult for them to live as they wish—partly because of physical and emotional conditions and partly because of persisting societal and environmental barriers. Basing her conclusions on personal experience, a wealth of survey data, and extensive interviews with dozens of people from a wide social spectrum, Iezzoni explains who has mobility problems and why; how mobility difficulties affect people's physical comfort, attitudes, daily activities, and relationships with family and friends throughout their communities; strategies for improving mobility; and how the health care system addresses mobility difficulties, providing and financing services and assistive technologies. Iezzoni claims that, although strategies exist to improve mobility, many people do not know where to turn for advice. She addresses the need to inform policymakers about areas where changes will better accommodate people with difficulty walking. This straightforward and engaging narrative clearly demonstrates that improving people's ability to move freely and independently will enhance overall health and quality of life, not only for these persons, but also for society as a whole.

Gait Analysis: An Introduction focuses on the systematic study of human walking and its contributions in the medical management of diseases affecting the locomotor system. The book first covers normal gait and pathological gait. Discussions focus on common pathologies affecting gait, amputee gait, walking aids, particular gait abnormalities, gait in the elderly and the young, moments of force, energy consumption, gait cycle, muscular activity during gait, and optimization of energy usage. The manuscript then elaborates on the methods of gait analysis, including visual gait analysis, general gait parameters, timing the gait cycle, direct motion measurement systems, electrogoniometers, electromyography, accelerometers, gyroscopes, and force platforms. The publication tackles the applications of gait analysis, as well as clinical gait and scientific gait analysis, normal ranges for gait parameters, conversions between measurement units, and computer program for general gait parameters. The manuscript is a valuable source of data for students of physical therapy, bioengineering, orthopedics, rheumatology, neurology, and rehabilitation.

A large number of volumes have been produced summarizing the work on generation and control of rhythmic movements, in particular locomotion. Unfortunately most of them focus on locomotor studies done on animals. This edited volume redresses that imbalance by focusing completely on human locomotor behaviour. The very nature of the problem has both necessitated and attracted researchers from a wide variety of disciplines ranging from psychology, neurophysiology, kinesiology, engineering, medicine to computer science. The different and unique perspectives they bring to this problem provide a comprehensive picture of the current state of knowledge on the generation and regulation of human locomotor behaviour.A common unifying theme of this volume is studying the adaptability of human gait to obtain insights into the control of locomotion. The intentional focus on'adaptability'is meant to draw attention to the importance of understanding the generation and regulation of'skilled locomotor behaviour'rather than just the generation of basic locomotor patterns which has been the major focus of animal studies. The synthesis chapter at the end of the volume examines how the questions posed, the technology, and the experimental and theoretical paradigms have evolved over the years, and what the future has in store for this important research domain.

Reviewing the biomechanical, anatomical, and physiological factors involved in normal gait patters, this unique reference provides a foundation for the successful clinical diagnosis and practical treatment of gait disorders-focusing on neurological diseases that cause gait abnormalities such as extrapyramidal disease, vascular disease and vestibular and cerebellar dysfunction.Offers a broad perspective of gait disorders-containing authoritative contributions from professionals in varied medical disciplines, including neurology, orthopedics, physical medicine, kinesiology, and pharmacology!