Search

Portugal in the 21st Century provides a thorough yet accessible picture of contemporary Portugal in the first two decades of the twenty-first century.It examines and elucidates Portugal's recent trajectory, its current position, and the main challenges it faces through an examination of the principal dimensions of cultural, economic, political, and social development in the country. Bringing together some of the foremost Portuguese experts in each of these areas, it draws on a diverse knowledge across the social sciences and humanities – including anthropologists, art historians, economists, historians, legal scholars, literary scholars, political scientists, biologists, and sociologists – to create a multidimensional portrait of contemporary Portuguese society.Key features: Organised into nine substantive chapters – each of which covers a major area of Portugal's contemporary existence – from its national identity and political system to its economy, scientific, literary, and artistic production. Opens with a general introduction providing historical context, and a chapter on Portuguese national identity. Thematic chapters focus on social, political, economic, and cultural developments of the last two decades. This book provides a comprehensive, erudite yet accessible introduction to contemporary Portugal and is essential reading for students, scholars, and readers interested in Portugal, Portuguese and Southern European politics and culture, Iberian, or Iberian-American studies and more broadly to European and Comparative Politics.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivatives (CC-BY-ND) 4.0 license.

An account that challenges the conventional views of African merchants under colonialism, examining the emergence and changing fortunes of indigenous entrepreneurs in Lagos, NigeriaIn Capitalism in the Colonies, A. G. Hopkins provides the first substantial assessment of the fortunes of African entrepreneurs under colonial rule. Examining the lives and careers of 100 merchants in Lagos, Nigeria, between 1850 and 1931, Hopkins challenges conventional views of the contribution made by indigenous entrepreneurs to the long-run economic development of Nigeria. He argues that African merchants in Lagos not only survived, but were also responsible for key innovations in trade, construction, farming, and finance that are essential for understanding the development of Nigeria's economy.The book is based on a large, representative sample and covers a time span that traces mercantile fortunes over two and three generations. Drawing on a wide range of sources, Hopkins shows that indigenous entrepreneurs were far more adventurous than expatriate firms. African merchants in Lagos pioneered motor vehicles, sewing machines, publishing, tanneries, and new types of internal trade. They founded the construction industry that built Lagos into a major port city, moved inland to start the cocoa-farming industry, and developed the finance sector that is still vital to Nigeria's economy. They also took the lead in changing single-owned businesses into limited liability companies, creating freehold property rights and promoting wage labour. In short, Hopkins argues, they were the capitalists who introduced the institutions of capitalism into Nigeria. The story of African merchants in Nigeria reminds us, he writes, that economic structures have no life of their own until they are animated by the actions of creative individuals.

Artificial Intelligence for Drug Product Lifecycle Applications explains the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in drug discovery and development paths, including the clinical and postapproval phases. This book gives methods for each of the drug development steps, from the fundamentals to postapproval drug product. AI is a synergistic assembly of enhanced optimization strategies with particular applications in pharmaceutical development and advanced tools for promoting cost-effectiveness throughout the drug lifecycle. Specifically, AI brings together the potential to improve drug approval rates, reduce development costs, get medications to patients faster, and help patients comply with their treatments.Accelerated pharmaceutical development and drug product approval rates will enable larger profits from patent-protected market exclusivity. This book offers the tools and knowledge to create the right AI strategy to extend the landscape of AI applications across the drug lifecycle. It is especially useful for pharmaceutical scientists, health care professionals, and regulatory scientists, as well as advanced students and postgraduates actively involved in pharmaceutical product and process development involving the use of artificial intelligence in drug delivery applications. - Classifies AI methodologies and application examples into different categories representing the various steps of the drug development cycle - Combines timely literature review with clear artworks to improve understanding - Examines deep learning and machine learning in drug discovery

A obra aborda aspectos fundamentais para um debate qualificado e ético sobre as diásporas negras presentes na Amazônia, com especial destaque para as festas, religiosidades e elementos outros que ajudem a compreender a presença africana na região. Frutos de pesquisadores e pesquisadoras que dedicaram suas vidas ao estudo desses temas, a obra é imprescindível para quem queira não somente compreender as presenças de negros e negras no norte brasileiro, mas também para aqueles e aquelas que acreditem em um projeto de sociedade antirracista, inclusivo e equitativo.

Allan D. Cooper demonstrates how the resistance to slavery served to unveil the nature of freedom that made possible the abolition movement and anti-colonial struggles. The corpus of human rights law that has evolved over the past two centuries is constructed around the negation of slavery. This book analyzes how slavery mutated into racial identification that governments enforce against their own population to advance more efficient methods of discipline and control. The Shadow that Lingers reveals how race is used to traumatize human beings by embodying inferiority and powerlessness, even for whites that claim privilege under racialized regimes. As an ideology of power, race becomes contextualized to fit local cultures, resulting in contradictory understandings of race from one culture to another. This book focuses attention on how racial hybridity among mixed-race communities poses challenges for racial purists, and how such communities endeavor to construct racial identities that often differentiate themselves from being black. The book concludes with an analysis of how the pursuit of freedom inevitably requires the reification of a non-racial identity.

O presente livro acompanha a carreira de um contratador da segunda metade dos Setecentos, Francisco Peres de Sousa, até agora quase ignorado pela historiografia. Professor de música em casas da elite lisboeta, entre as quais a do Marquês de Pombal, foi também ocupante de alguns ofícios régios na América portuguesa, interessado em negócios em Mato Grosso e titular ou sócio de importantes contratos em várias capitanias por várias décadas, entre eles o da pesca das baleias e o do estanco do sal.

Scritti dal carcere è una selezione operata dallo stesso autore a partire dai suoi quaderni del carcere, la cui materialità è composta di circa 2.000 fragili fogli scritti a mano. Il processo di scrittura di questa raccolta ha come termini cronologici e come confini spaziali l'ingresso dello scrittore nel Padiglione Detentivo della PIDE a Luanda nel 1961 e la sua partenza dal campo di lavoro di Tarrafal nel 1972. Durante questi dodici anni di reclusione, José Luandino Vieira ha annotato la sua visione del carcere quale osservatorio eccezionale della nazione angolana, ha manifestato i suoi progetti politici e letterari, ha evidenziato il progetto comunitario dell'Angola come veicolo di unione e resistenza, di ansie e sogni collettivi. Gli scritti sono datati e presentano un notevole valore umano, letterario e politico rispetto alle lotte di liberazione della nazione angolana, al progetto letterario di Vieira e in generale ai temi della storia e della letteratura angolana.

Citizenship is one of the most important legacies of human development. It raises the human status from a biological condition into a cultural, moral, political and rationalistic one. It is a constantly evolving process, which at each new turn, adds complexity to human existence. After the breakthroughs of the eighteenth century, with the first steps in recognition of civil and political rights, and of the twentieth century with the advancement of social rights and the emergence of cultural and environmental rights, one could conclude that the twenty-first century would see an enlargement of citizenship ideas and ideals. Has this indeed happened? Where are we now when it comes to identifying ourselves as citizens? Varying across several disciplines, this volume addresses the complexities of citizenship and our attempts to make sense of them.

Globalisation, regionalisation, new technology, demography, voters'expectations and re-structuring of societies are expected to influence welfare state development for years to come. This handbook analyses how different welfare state models and regimes will be able to cope with contemporary and future challenges, providing a variety of evidence based tools that make it essential reading for students, researchers and policy makers alike.

Depuis l'Antiquité, littérature et musique ont tissé d'étroites relations. Dans quelle mesure l'écriture d'une partition est-elle proche de la composition d'un texte littéraire? Quels principes et techniques d'écriture la musique et la littérature partagent-elles? C'est à ces questions que ce livre propose d'apporter des réponses à partir de l'étude des traités de musique, rhétorique et poétique, rédigés au Portugal entre les XVIIe et XIXe siècles. De la rhétorique classique à l'intersémiotique actuelle, cette étude comparatiste magistrale, érudite mais passionnante d'Ana Paixão, permet de comprendre la manière dont littérature et musique se constituent en arts complices, en se cherchant, en s'écrivant et, surtout, en se lisant et en s'écoutant mutuellement.

Placed in the wider scope of post-war European decolonisation migrations, The Retornados from the Portuguese Colonies in Africa looks at the'Return'of the Portuguese nationals living in the African colonies when they became independent. Using an interdisciplinary research agenda, the book presents a collection of research essays written by experts in the fields of anthropology, history, literature and the arts, that look at a wide range of memory narratives through which the Return—as well as the experiences of war, violence, loss and trauma—have been expressed, contested and internalised in the social realm. These narratives include testimonial accounts from the so-called retornados from Africa and their descendants, as well as works of fiction and public memory—novels, television series, artworks, films or social media—that have come to mediate the public understanding of this past. Through the dialogue between these different narrative modes, this book intends to explore the interplay between official memory, the lived experience and fiction, thus contributing to build an empirical basis to critically discuss the memory of the end of the Portuguese empire within postcolonial Europe. This book will be of great interest to postgraduates, researchers and academics, most notably the ones working in the fields of postcolonial studies, cultural studies and memory studies.

Mediterranean Capitalism Revisited brings together leading experts on the political economies of southern Europe—specifically Greece, Italy, Spain, and Portugal—to closely analyze and explain the primary socioeconomic and institutional features that define'Mediterranean capitalism'within the wider European context. These economies share a number of features, most notably their difficulties to provide viable answers to the challenge of globalization.By examining and comparing such components as welfare, education and innovation policies, cultural dimensions, and labor market regulation, Mediterranean Capitalism Revisited attends to both commonalities and divergences between the four countries, identifying the main reasons behind the poor performance of their economies and slow recovery from the Great Recession of 2007–2008. This volume also sheds light on the process of diversification among the four countries and addresses whether it did and still does make sense to speak of a uniquely Mediterranean model of capitalism.Contributors: Alexandre Afonso, Leiden University; Lucio Baccaro, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies; Rui Branco, NOVA University of Lisbon; Fabio Bulfone, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies; Giliberto Capano, University of Bologna; Sabrina Colombo, University of Milan; Lisa Dorigatti, University of Milan; Ana M. Guillén, University of Oviedo; Matteo Jessoula, University of Milan; Andrea Lippi, University of Florence; Manos Matsaganis, Polytechnic University of Milan; Oscar Molina, Autonomous University of Barcelona; Manuela Moschella, Scuola Normale Superiore; Sofia A. Pérez, Boston University; Gemma Scalise, University of Bergamo; Arianna Tassinari, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.

This innovative Handbook presents the core concepts associated with austerity, retrenchment and populism and explores how they can be used to analyse developments in different welfare states and in specific social policies. Leading experts highlight how these concepts have influenced and changed welfare states around the globe and impacted specific areas including pensions, long-term care, the labour market, taxation, social activism and gender equality.Comprehensive in approach, the authors offer cutting edge research demonstrating the importance of societal developments to welfare states and the effects of ideas, ideologies and variations in policies and decisions in different countries. They also investigate key country and regime-specific approaches to welfare state development, analysing and interpreting changes in the last 10-15 years. The main drivers for these changes, ranging from demography, to the financial crisis, to the use of new technology and the possible impact of populism, are examined.Far reaching and authoritative, this timely Handbook offers a systematic theoretic overview which will be invaluable for scholars of welfare states, social policy, sociology and political science. Social policy makers will also benefit from the novel case studies explored in depth, and suggestions for potential policy changes.

Considerado a maior conquista social do povo brasileiro na Constituição Federal de 1988 e maior programa de inclusão social do planeta, o SUS é abordado neste livro de uma forma abrangente e inédita a partir da descrição inicial da situação atual da saúde pública no país, bem como o seu histórico e a sua condição de'um grande negócio'. A obra traz a concepção de saúde no Brasil, abordando os modelos liberal e republicano de saúde e de sociedade, sem deixar de considerar os aspectos de patrimonialismo e corrupção no SUS. O livro tem a coragem de revelar o papel do Banco Mundial no seu desmonte, por meio de sugestões de políticas neoliberais desestruturantes do sistema. Além disso, o autor apresenta a evolução histórica do direito à saúde no Brasil, desde o seu descobrimento, bem como esse direito na ordem jurídica internacional. Discute-se o SUS a partir da sua previsão constitucional e legal, apontando a sua natureza jurídica de direito fundamental de natureza social e cláusula pétrea constitucional, que tem por fundamentos a cidadania e a dignidade da pessoa humana. Aborda o'cuidado'como um Valor Ético da Humanidade e Princípio Universal do Direito à Vida. Finalmente, o livro analisa o SUS sob a perspectiva da ordem econômica constitucional, discutindo questões como interesse público, políticas públicas e judicialização da saúde, inovando ao assinalar o'Máximo Existencial'e a'Reserva do Necessário'como Princípios Constitucionais implícitos do Direito à uma Existência Digna

This book explores the role and impact of the settlement house movement in the global development of social welfare and the social work profession. It traces the transnational history of settlement houses and examines the interconnections between the settlement house movement, other social and professional movements and social research. Looking at how the settlement house movement developed across different national, cultural and social boundaries, this book show that by understanding its impact, we can better understand the wider global development of social policy, social research and the social work profession.

2 AMIGOS QUE PASSAM A INFÂNCIA VIAJANDO DE CAMINHÃO COM SEUS PAIS E SE APAIXONAM PELA PROFISSÃO. APÓS UM ASSALTO, UM DELES É OBRIGADO A MATAR PARA SOBREVIVER. TOMANDO O LUGAR DE SEU MELHOR AMIGO, ELE BUSCA A VINGANÇA DA MORTE SUA ESPOSA E SE TORNA UMA LENDA ATRAVESSANDO UMA FLECHA EM QUEM PASSA POR SEU CAMINHO

Todo un homenaje a la tierra natal del autor en tres fabulosas novelas de madurez. El presente volumen reúne las tres novelas que Camilo José Cela ambientó en Galicia: Mazurca para dos muertos (1983), La Cruz de San Andrés (1994) y Madera de Boj (1999). La primera narra la trágica historia de la muerte de dos hermanos y de una venganza, con personajes variopintos y un folclore rural que recuerda La familia de Pascual Duarte. En La Cruz de San Andrés, la protagonista hace una estremecedora confesión que abarca desde el sexo y la frustración hasta la locura y la muerte. Por último, Madera de Boj se ubica en un territorio liminar, entre la vida y la muerte, el mar y la tierra, para acercarnos al flujo y reflujo que caracteriza la existencia de muchos habitantes de la costa marítima gallega. Reseñas: «El último gran escritor español, creador de fábulas, de lenguaje, de palabras, con una capacidad prodigiosa para expresarse.» Francisco Umbral «Su obra trascenderá las anécdotas y hará que se escuche su voz imprescindible.» Víctor García de la Concha «Su escritura es un deslumbrante artificio multiplicado en páginas, para decirlo con un verso suyo, que alumbraron tan fuerte como si ardieran versos.» El País «Cela es [...] un heredero de la tragedia clásica, capaz de sumergirnos en las simas de la angustia y del dolor; y también un heredero de la picaresca española.» Juan Manuel de Prada

This book is a history of the struggle for independence after East Timor was invaded by Indonesia in 1975. The occupation, which lasted 24 years, was immediately resisted through guerrilla warfare and clandestine resistance. A continuum of effort between the armed freedom fighters in the mountains, the resilience of urban supporters, and international activism and support eventually brought about liberation in September 1999. Given that the Timor rebels did not have a land border with a friendly state, had no external supplier of weapons and no liberated area in which to recover between guerrilla operations, their successful resistance is unique in the history of guerrilla warfare and independence struggles. Equally uncommon was an unexpected weapon in the struggle -- a remarkable display of strategic non-violent action. This is the first study to integrate all the major factors in East Timor's independence struggle. The multi-dimensional perspectives addressed in this volume include Indonesian, US and Australian diplomacy; Indonesian military operations and activities against the populace; East Timorese resistance at all social levels; human rights abuses; the issue of oil; and international diplomacy resulting from global solidarity activism.

Research into minimum income standards and reference budgets around the world is compared in this illuminating collection from leading academics in the field. From countries with long established research traditions to places where it is relatively new, contributors set out the different aims and objectives of investigations into the minimum needs and requirements of populations, and the historical contexts, theoretical frameworks and methodological issues that lie behind each approach. For policymakers, practitioners and social policy and poverty academics, this essential review of learnings to date and future prospects for research is all the more relevant in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, testing health and social protection systems around the globe.

Este livro reúne esforços para analisar as possibilidades de construção de identidade étnico-racial de crianças de 0 a 5 anos no cotidiano de um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil (CMEI). Ao defender que a noção de identidade é socialmente construída, retrata o modo como as crianças percebem, entre elas e junto aos adultos, as questões ligadas à identidade étnico-racial. O marco teórico está articulado com uma concepção que identifica a criança como um sujeito social, atuante, capaz de se posicionar frente às experiências vivenciadas. Assim, inspirado nos estudos de Willian Corsaro, traz para primeiro plano a voz dos sujeitos privilegiados da educação infantil, ou seja, as crianças. E apresenta as análises realizadas com base na coleta de dados no decorrer da pesquisa de campo e no diálogo com importantes teóricos da área da infância e das relações raciais, entrelaçando conhecimentos que, sem dúvida, mobilizam interesses e reflexões em professores, gestores e pesquisadores. A leitura do livro é um convite a compreender mais acerca das relações que se estabelecem entre identidade étnico-racial e infância pequena no cotidiano da educação infantil.

Bringing together international case studies, this book offers theoretical and empirical insights into the interaction between social work and social policy. Moving beyond existing studies on policy practice, the book employs the policy cycle as a core analytical frame and focuses on the influence of social work(ers) in the problem definition, agenda setting, policy formulation and implementation of social policy. Twenty-three contributors offer examples of policy making from seven different countries and demonstrate how social work practitioners can become political actors, while also encouraging policy makers to become aware of the potential of social work for the social policy-making process.

La relación entre las Ciencias Sociales y el Derecho, indiscutible hoy en día, ha tenido grandes altibajos a lo largo de la Historia, sobre todo en el ámbito académico a finales del pasado Siglo; baste como botón de muestra, recordar los intentos continuados de hacer desaparecer las materias jurídicas en los diversos planes de estudio de las Ciencias Sociales (Economía, Ciencia Política, Sociología, etc.). En la actualidad, esta corriente desaparece, al constituirse nuevos Grados multidisciplinares en los que estas Ciencias del conocimiento comparten estudios y análisis.Fuera de todo ello, el Trabajo Social, como nueva Ciencia Social, ha mantenido, y mantiene, una estrecha relación con las demás, y, especialmente con la Ciencia Jurídica; y no sólo en el ámbito docente, sino también, y en lo que aquí nos interesa, en el investigador.Muestra de ello es la obra que introducimos; en ella, autores portugueses y españoles de ambas disciplinas (Derecho y Trabajo Social), tratan de mostrar un análisis profundo y detallado de las más importantes notas que caracterizan la Protección de Menores, teniendo en cuenta que se trata de una de las materias en la que esta relación multidisciplinar mejor se muestra. Temas como la Interdisciplinariedad entre el Trabajo Social y el Derecho, la Mediación, la responsabilidad parental, la construcción de la ciudadanía de la infancia, etc., son abordados de manera clara y rigurosa.

Global social inequality has declined over the past 100 years and the gap between different parts of the world, measured by average lifespan, has narrowed. The internal gap between wealthy and poor in the western world has likewise reduced, from the 1930s to the 1970s, although not in a linear way. The 1980s represented a turning point in developed countries, as the top 0.1% of income earners accumulated extraordinary riches. This new trend did not subside with the financial crisis of 2008, but expanded to less developed areas of the world; indeed, long-term significant reduction of poverty is now considered vulnerable. Inequality of income and its associated impacts has triggered a passionate debate between those who maintain that an unequal accumulation of richness is crucial for economic and social progress and those who believe that it does not encourage investment and that it prevents increased demand, thus negatively affecting the economy. This contributed volume sets out to study social inequality in Portuguese-speaking countries, thus providing diversification of experience across different continents. The purpose is to identify major economic, historical and cultural developments in terms of education, health, life-cycle, gender, ethnic, and religious relations. The current realities of migration are also addressed, since they raise the issue of ethnic integration. This is the first published work to address inequality in a cross-continent yet same language perspective, and presents a striking advance in the global study of inequality.

Este livro reúne esforços para analisar as possibilidades de construção de identidade étnico-racial de crianças de 0 a 5 anos no cotidiano de um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil (CMEI). Ao defender que a noção de identidade é socialmente construída, retrata o modo como as crianças percebem, entre elas e junto aos adultos, as questões ligadas à identidade étnico-racial. O marco teórico está articulado com uma concepção que identifica a criança como um sujeito social, atuante, capaz de se posicionar frente às experiências vivenciadas. Assim, inspirado nos estudos de Willian Corsaro, traz para primeiro plano a voz dos sujeitos privilegiados da educação infantil, ou seja, as crianças. E apresenta as análises realizadas com base na coleta de dados no decorrer da pesquisa de campo e no diálogo com importantes teóricos da área da infância e das relações raciais, entrelaçando conhecimentos que, sem dúvida, mobilizam interesses e reflexões em professores, gestores e pesquisadores. A leitura do livro é um convite a compreender mais acerca das relações que se estabelecem entre identidade étnico-racial e infância pequena no cotidiano da educação infantil.

Originally published in 2013, Peacebuilding and National Ownership in Timor-Leste is an insightful, analytical presentation of developments that took place in Timor-Leste from July 2002 to September 2006. It reflects an intimate knowledge of events during this period and provides a detailed focus on the Timorese people and their leaders who struggled to lay a foundation for a free, peaceful and democratic nation. The book's central theme is that of the commitment of national leaders to national interest, rather than the establishment of perfect institutional mechanisms that determines the success of a post-conflict country in achieving its stability.

Over the last three decades, Brazilian Portuguese bare nominals have turned into a hot topic in the cross-linguistic study of nominal syntax and semantics. This contribution is the first comprehensive, book-length treatment of the issue, covering both the long-standing discussion about the adequate analysis of these forms as well as the establishment of a solid empirical basis for future research. The book goes further than previous accounts in also taking into consideration the phonetic-phonological dimension, showing the advantages of a more comprehensive account. The empirical section outlines an innovative approach in which different methods and data types are combined and focuses on the underresearched definite / specific / referential uses and interpretations of bare singulars. The book also addresses the traditional topics in the study of bare nominals – genericity, the mass/count distinction, NP-internal plural agreement, the NP/DP distinction, and syntax-semantics-phonology interface questions – in the light of the new findings.

Based on data from 12 diverse societies, this is the first cross-national comparative study on academic engagement in social policy formulation. The chapters present survey data on the policy involvement of social work academics in different countries and an analysis of this data by country experts. The findings relate to the levels and types of policy engagement of the social work academics, their perceptions regarding this type of activity and the factors associated with this. This unique perspective on the academia-society nexus is essential reading for academics and students interested in the ongoing debate on the role of academia in policy, particularly those policies dealing with issues of social justice and social change.

Timor-Leste's long journey to nationhood spans 450 years of colonial rule by Portugal, a short-lived independence in 1975, and a 24-year occupation by Indonesia. This book examines the history of nation-building and national identity in Timor-Leste, and the evolution of a collective identity through two consecutive colonial occupations, and into the post-independence era. It charts the evolution of the idea of an East Timorese nation: its origins, its sources, and its competitors in traditional understandings of political community, and the distinct colonial visions imposed by Portugal or Indonesia. The author analyses the evolution of ideas of collective identity under the long era of Portuguese colonial rule, and through the 24-year struggle for independence from Indonesia from 1975 to 1999. Reflecting the contested history of the territory, these include successive attempts to define its members as colonial subjects in a wider ‘pluri-racial'Portuguese empire, as citizens in an ‘integrated'province of the Republic of Indonesia – and, of course, as a nation that demanded its right to self-determination. Finally, the host of nation-building tensions and fault lines that emerged after the restoration of independence in 2002 are discussed.Examining the history of debates and conflict over national identity, national history, cultural heritage, language policy, and relationships between distinct regions, generations, and language groups, this book will be of interest to academics in the fields of Asian studies, nationalism studies, and international and community development.

What is the role of science in social work? Ian Shaw considers social work inventions, evidence-based practice, the history of scientific claims in social work practice, technology, and social work research methodology to demonstrate the significant role that scientific language and practice play in the complex world of social work.By treating science as a social action marked by the interplay of choice, activity, and constraints, Shaw links scientific and social work knowledge through the core themes of the nature of evidence, critical learning and understanding, justice, and the skilled evaluation of the subject. He shows specifically how to connect science, research, and the practical and speaks to the novel topics this integration introduces into the discipline, including experience, expertise, faith, tacit knowledge, judgment, interests, scientific controversies, and understanding.

The Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste of 2002 contains over 40 human rights provisions in its Bill of Rights. In addition to providing an overview of the process leading up to the adoption of the Constitution, this book brings together information relating to each section of the Bill of Rights, presenting:progressive texts produced during the process of the Constituent Assembly;highlights of the arguments put forward within the Constituent Assembly concerning the draft provisions, including alternative proposals advanced;submissions made by Timorese officials, civil society and international bodies; andthe results of consultation with the broader community before and during the constitutional process.It is designed to be useful in particular to judges and legal practitioners called upon to interpret the Constitution, government officials and civil society actors involved in human rights work, as well as students of history and constitutional law in Timor-Leste and internationally.

O romance aborda a história de São Paulo das décadas de 1920 e 1930, integrando aos fatos narrados a representação de classes sociais e seus embates num período de grandes transformações políticas e econômicas do Brasil. Visceralmente ligada ao meio em que foi educada,'Immaculada'surge como uma espécie de heroína romântica que, num protesto surdo, se deixa conduzir externamente, desempenhando o papel que lhe cabe por imposições familiares, sociais e econômicas, mas se rebela no plano pessoal, subvertendo a pureza que traz impressa no nome. Com linguagem fluente e extremamente segura, apresenta a trajetória de duas famílias que se cruzam por interesses econômicos e políticos na São Paulo dos anos 1920. No meio, a história de'Immaculada', móvel desse encontro e, ao mesmo tempo, dos descaminhos de seus principais protagonistas... Como resultado, uma história densa e bem contada que envolve o leitor do início ao fim.'Este livro é uma daquelas boas surpresas que acontecem na literatura. Com linguagem fluente e extremamente segura, apresenta a trajetória de duas famílias que se cruzam por interesse econômicos e políticos na São Paulo dos anos 1920. No meio, a história de Immaculada, móvel desse encontro e, ao mesmo tempo, dos descaminhos de seus principais protagonistas... Como resultado, uma história densa e bem contada que envolve o leitor do início ao fim.'(Benedito Antunes)

Neste livro, o leitor encontrará os melhores vinhos e os principais produtores de todas as regiões vinícolas do planeta - são cerca de 20 mil. É um guia único, completo, uma grande viagem por 70 países do Velho e do Novo Mundo, onde os melhores vinhos são produzidos. Detalhes e curiosidades sobre os países misturam-se aos aromas e sabores que serão encontrados pelo caminho. Ao final, um Curso de Iniciação ao Vinho, ministrado pelo autor para mais de 5.000 pessoas ao longo de mais de vinte anos. Nele, os leitores encontrarão informações fundamentais, tais como a história do vinho, as variedades de uvas, os métodos de elaboração dos principais tipos de vinho, as etapas de degustação, o serviço e a guarda do vinho, a harmonização de vinhos e alimentos, e os dados estatísticos sobre o comércio mundial do vinho.

This volume contains a comprehensive corpus-based study of prepositional constructions in written Fiji English. It explores the endo- and exonormative dynamics of norm-giving and norm-developing varieties and contributes to our understanding of structural nativization and variety formation in a multi-ethnic setting. The book provides an account of the sociolinguistic development of English in Fiji against the backdrop of the country's colonial and post-independence history, with special focus on the Indo-Fijian part of the population. Drawing on the written sections of the Indian, Great Britain, New Zealand and preliminary Fiji components of the International Corpus of English, quantitative and qualitative analyses of prepositional phenomena are conducted on the word level (frequency, semantic effects and stylistic variation), phrase level (productivity in verb-particle combinations), and pattern level (prepositions and -ing clauses). The book will be relevant to scholars interested in lexico-grammar, variety and corpus linguistics, and sociolinguistics in general.

Following on from Patricia Anne Odber de Baubeta's The Anthology in Portugal: A New Approach to the History of Portuguese Literature (2007), these new essays explore further the issues of reception, translation and canonicity. The three authors have produced complementary studies that focus on the role of anthologies in promoting international literary exchange, evaluate the relationship between the literary canon and literature at the margins, and flag up the importance of cover art in conditioning reader expectations. The first part of the book examines both collections of translated short stories considered suitable for children, even if originally written for an adult readership, and, in contrast, high-quality anthologies for older readers, produced in the context of a transnational publishing franchise. The second section offers a thorough analysis of Edgar Allan Poe's reception in Portugal, including where, how and by whom he was disseminated. The history of Poe in Portuguese also sheds valuable light on the broader history of translation and translation anthologies in Portugal. The final part of the volume charts mystery and detective stories selected and translated for Portuguese anthologies and magazines by the leading cultural mediators of the 1940s and 1950s, with an assessment of their contribution to literature in Portugal.

Includes a revised taxonomic outline for the Actinobacteria or the high G+C Gram positives is based upon the SILVA project as well as a description of greater than 200 genera in 49 families. Includes many medically and industrially important taxa.

Esta coletânea reúne a história de milhares de ex-escravos e de seus descendentes dos últimos anos do século XIX até a década de 1980. De forma plural e inovadora, analisa os significados do pós-abolição - período de propostas, lutas e expectativas - por meio de biografias, da trajetória dos movimentos sociais e da formação e consolidação de instituições negras. Textos de Wlamyra Albuquerque, Elizabeth do Espírito Santo Viana, Flávio Gomes, Joselina da Silva, Karin Sant'Anna Kössling, Karla Leonora Dahse Nunes, Kim D. Butler, Maria das Graças de Andrade Leal, Maria do Carmo Gregório, Michael Mitchell, Paulo Roberto Staudt Moreira, Petrônio Domingues e Beatriz Ana Loner.

Todas las claves para disfrutar de la mejor literatura La creación de un espacio subjetivo, que trasciende el plano geográfico para instalarse en el del símbolo, es una de las conquistas de la novela moderna. Víctor García de la Concha explora en este estudioel espacio simbólico en cinco novelas magistrales del siglo XX: La casa verde, de Mario Vargas Llosa; Cien añosde soledad, de Gabriel García Márquez; Madera de boj, de Camilo José Cela; Volverás a Región, de Juan Benet, y Sefarad, de Antonio Muñoz Molina. Cinco novelas en las que la palabra de sus creadores conforma lugares construidos a base de metáforas que adquieren su dimensión definitiva en la imaginación del lector, cuando se mueve por ellos y los interpreta. En palabras del autor, «lejos de ser un mero recipiente, el espacio se convierte en un molde activo y fecundo de significado. Sustenta y expresa ideas, sensaciones y sentimientos; dialoga intertextualmente con otros espacios de categoría análoga, y, maridado con el tiempo, se eleva por encima de la cronología particular del relato del que forma parte y proyecta al lector al espacio de los universales: de la anécdota a la categoría».

Autor w 1979 roku założył na Uniwersytecie w Lizbonie pierwszy w dziejach Portugalii lektorat języka i kultury polskiej. Zainteresowany kulturą i historią tego odległego kraju przygotował książkę, w której oprócz dziennika, jaki prowadził w czasie pierwszych miesięcy pobytu w Lizbonie, znalazły się: reportaże z podróży po Portugalii, które odbył w 1980 roku, trzy studia naukowe o związkach polsko-portugalskich, a przede wszystkim fascynująca opowieść o tragicznej historii miłości królewicza portugalskiego Pedra i Ines de Castro, w Polsce właściwie nieznana, o której w przeszłości pisało wieku znakomitych autorów portugalskich, hiszpańskich, francuskich, niemieckich czy angielskich. Książka jest pierwszym ogniwem przygotowywanego przez Autora'tryptyku europejskiego'. Część druga Mój Paryż ukazała się w 2008 roku, a ostatnia, trzecia pt. Moja Prowansja ukaże się niebawem.'Proponując czytelnikowi Moją Portugalię pragnę nade wszystko pokazać, jak bardzo interesujący jest to kraj, jak bogatą posiada on historię, jak trwałe nici wiążą jego kulturę z naszą. Pragnę zarazem pokazać, że mój dziewięciomiesięczny pobyt w Lizbonie nie poszedł na marne. Jak miałem okazję stwierdzić to wiosną 2007 roku, dziś nadal na Uniwersytecie Lizbońskim działa założony przeze mnie lektorat języka i kultury polskiej, nadal corocznie przyciąga on grupę kilkudziesięciu słuchaczy pragnących poznać nasz język i naszą kulturę.'- z przedmowy autora

Two modern cases of genocide and extermination began in Southeast Asia in the same year. Pol Pot's Khmer Rouge regime ruled Cambodia from 1975 to 1979, and Indonesian forces occupied East Timor from 1975 to 1999. This book examines the horrific consequences of Cambodian communist revolution and Indonesian anti-communist counterinsurgency. It also chronicles the two cases of indigenous resistance to genocide and extermination, the international cover-ups that obstructed documentation of these crimes, and efforts to hold the perpetrators legally accountable.The perpetrator regimes inflicted casualties in similar proportions. Each caused the deaths of about one-fifth of the population of the nation. Cambodia's mortality was approximately 1.7 million, and approximately 170,000 perished in East Timor. In both cases, most of the deaths occurred in the five-year period from 1975 to1980. In addition, Cambodia and East Timor not only shared the experience of genocide but also of civil war, international intervention, and UN conflict resolution. U.S. policymakers supported the invading Indonesians in Timor, as well as the indigenous Khmer Rouge in Cambodia. Both regimes exterminated ethnic minorities, including local Chinese, as well as political dissidents. Yet the ideological fuel that ignited each conflagration was quite different. Jakarta pursued anti-communism; the Khmer Rouge were communists. In East Timor the major Indonesian goal was conquest. In Cambodia, the Khmer Rouge's goal was revolution. Maoist ideology influenced Pol Pot's regime, but it also influenced the East Timorese resistance to the Indonesia's occupiers.Genocide and Resistance in Southeast Asia is significant both for its historical documentation and for its contribution to the study of the politics and mechanisms of genocide. It is a fundamental contribution that will be read by historians, human rights activists, and genocide studies specialists.

Black Atlantic Religion illuminates the mutual transformation of African and African-American cultures, highlighting the example of the Afro-Brazilian Candomblé religion. This book contests both the recent conviction that transnationalism is new and the long-held supposition that African culture endures in the Americas only among the poorest and most isolated of black populations. In fact, African culture in the Americas has most flourished among the urban and the prosperous, who, through travel, commerce, and literacy, were well exposed to other cultures. Their embrace of African religion is less a'survival,'or inert residue of the African past, than a strategic choice in their circum-Atlantic, multicultural world. With counterparts in Nigeria, the Benin Republic, Haiti, Cuba, Trinidad, and the United States, Candomblé is a religion of spirit possession, dance, healing, and blood sacrifice. Most surprising to those who imagine Candomblé and other such religions as the products of anonymous folk memory is the fact that some of this religion's towering leaders and priests have been either well-traveled writers or merchants, whose stake in African-inspired religion was as much commercial as spiritual. Morever, they influenced Africa as much as Brazil. Thus, for centuries, Candomblé and its counterparts have stood at the crux of enormous transnational forces. Vividly combining history and ethnography, Matory spotlights a so-called'folk'religion defined not by its closure or internal homogeneity but by the diversity of its connections to classes and places often far away. Black Atlantic Religion sets a new standard for the study of transnationalism in its subaltern and often ancient manifestations.

The book outlines the history of the revolutionary process at the national level and as it was experienced in one major Portuguese city. While generally little known, the achievements of grassroots organizations in Portugal far exceeded those of other developed countries, and their examination provides insights, poses important questions and suggests unexpected answers relevant far beyond Portugal.The Portuguese revolution provides a unique window through which to examine, not only the role of community organizations in a time of revolutionary change, but also the dynamics, potential, and limitations of majority participation. Over a period of nineteen months — beginning with a military coup which ended the longest lasting European dictatorship (the period brought to a close 500 years of colonialism in Africa) and ending with another military coup — the Portuguese society and political debate were significantly transformed, largely by the unanticipated development of mass movements advocating direct democracy and social, economic, and political change.Charles Downs is Assistant Professor of Urban Planning at Columbia University.