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Contact resistance is both an old and new topic. It is old because fundamentals of the semiconductor-metal contacts were established in the 1930s even earlier than the study on Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET). The new knowledge is on material and integration aspects for contact resistance reduction. As the MOSFETs become smaller and smaller, device parasitics start to domoniate performance since the 2010s. The resistance part in MOSFET RC delay is mainly from external parasitics particularly the contact resistance. In the past decade, 3D MOSFETs, also named FinFETs, became the device structure in leading semiconductor technology. The 3D structure brings a unique opportunity for engineering the contact resistance. In physics, this book introduces MOSFET device electronics and contact physics. In material science, a variety of contact metals and silicides are covered. In electrical characterization, test structures and measurements of contact resistance are discussed in depth. In technology, state-of-the-art process techniques, material engineering, and integration for contact resistance reduction are introduced. This book can serve as a reference book for students in electrical engineering and material science major and professionals in semiconductor industry.

Power devices are key to modern power systems, performing essential functions such as inverting and changing voltages, buffering, and switching. The increasing complexity of power systems, with distributed renewable generation on the rise, is posing challenges to these devices. In recent years, several new devices have emerged, including wide bandgap devices, each with advantages and weaknesses depending on circumstances and applications.

An Essential Guide to Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity opens with experimental and theoretical data on the important structurally sensitive property of the molten oxide-chloride systems КCl (50 mol.%)–PbCl2 (50 mol.%), CsCl (18.3 mol.%)–PbCl2 (81.7 mol.%) and CsCl (71.3 mol.%)–PbCl2 (28.7 mol.%) with PbO concentration reaching 20 mol.% in the temperature range of 764 – 917 K. This compilation also reports on recent developments in the stabilization, carbonization, and activation of naturally grown biomass, their physical and chemical properties, and major applications in supercapacitors. A brief overview of the application areas of the electrical resistivity method, a non-destructive and inexpensive geophysical technique, as well as comprehensive and practical overview of its results in environmental and geotechnical projects, archeology and stone cultural heritage is presented.

Presents the fundamentals and calculation of transmission line losses, their reduction, and economic implications • Written by a very experienced expert in this field• Introduces various technical measures for loss reduction, and appended with a large number of examples• Offers a progressive and systematic approach to various aspects of the problems• A timely and original book to meet the challenges of power and grid industry development

Resistance and capacitance (RC) extraction is an essential step in modeling the interconnection wires and substrate coupling effect in nanometer-technology integrated circuits (IC). The field-solver techniques for RC extraction guarantee the accuracy of modeling, and are becoming increasingly important in meeting the demand for accurate modeling and simulation of VLSI designs. Advanced Field-Solver Techniques for RC Extraction of Integrated Circuits presents a systematic introduction to, and treatment of, the key field-solver methods for RC extraction of VLSI interconnects and substrate coupling in mixed-signal ICs. Various field-solver techniques are explained in detail, with real-world examples to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm.This book will benefit graduate students and researchers in the field of electrical and computer engineering as well as engineers working in the IC design and design automation industries.Dr. Wenjian Yu is an Associate Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Technology at Tsinghua University in China; Dr. Xiren Wang is a R&D Engineer at Cadence Design Systems in the USA.

Chapter 1 - Operational Amplifier Chapter 2 - Semiconductor Chapter 3 - Diode Chapter 4 - Zener Diode Chapter 5 - PIN Diode Chapter 6 - Schottky Diode Chapter 7 - Avalanche Diode & DIAC Chapter 8 - Capacitor Chapter 9 - Transformer Chapter 10 - Control Relay and Eddy Current Brake Chapter 11 - Electrical Steel Chapter 12 - Hall Effect Sensor and Induction Loop Chapter 13 - Magnetic Amplifier Chapter 14 - Magnetic Cartridge

Chapter 1 - Electronic Component Chapter 2 - Electrical Connector Chapter 3 - Switch Chapter 4 - Electrical Wiring Chapter 5 - Varistor Chapter 6 - Transistor Chapter 7 - Insulated-gate Bipolar Transistor Chapter 8 - Field-effect Transistor Chapter 9 - Capacitor Chapter 10 - Potentiometer Chapter 11 - Fuse

Chapter 1 - Electrical Resistance and Conductance Chapter 2 - Electrical Resistivity and Conductivity Chapter 3 - Resistor Chapter 4 - Electrical Ballast Chapter 5 - Potentiometer Chapter 6 - Digital Potentiometer & Bleeder Resistor Chapter 7 - Attenuator (Electronics) Chapter 8 - Thermistor Chapter 9 - Varistor Chapter 10 - Resistance Thermometer

This is an integrated handbook of Electrical Resistive and Electromagnetic Components.