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Warning! May Contain Nuts! For Maude Appleby, award-winning cupcake maker and bakery owner, the tragic deaths of a sugar-crazed juvenile delinquent and his victim spells the end of her livelihood. The British government steps in to restrict the sale of sugar, closing the oven door on her baking business. In retaliation, Maude forms the Granny Cartel, an underground criminal enterprise that smuggles illegal confectionery to the masses. With the notorious Baker's Dozen as her muscle, led by militant predator Pippa Blackwood, and ex-MI5 spy Deirdre Wotheringspot, Maude's power and popularity quickly become a thorn in the government's side. The British government send supercilious imbecile, Tancred Punchard, and his reluctant but competent deputy, Richard Fleming to bring the Granny Cartel down for good. More dangerous than boiling caramel, and stickier than spinning sugar, can the Granny Cartel bring the government to its knees?

Workshop Machining is a comprehensive textbook that explains the fundamental principles of manually operating machinery to form shapes in a variety of materials. It bridges the gap between people who have traditional toolmaking skills and those who have been trained in programming and operation of CNC machines in a focused production environment, rather than general machine shop. Using a subject-based approach, David Harrison intuitively guides readers and supplies practical skills. The chapters cover everything from the basic machine controls to advanced cutting operations using a wide range of tooling and work-holding devices. Theory and practice are shown via a mixture of diagrams, text and illustrated worked examples, as well as through exercises.The book is ideal for students and lecturing staff who participate in, or lead, practical machining sessions, and for those who wish to further develop their machining skills. It also serves as an excellent reference to understand the principles and limitations of producing shapes with cutters that move in a limited combination of linear and radial paths.

This book explores the role of expectations within the modern capitalist system. Through looking at how they are formed and develop, the impact of events that lead to a collapse in expectations, such as a major financial crisis, is examined to highlight the precarious and unstable nature of the economic system. With a particular focus on the UK and USA, it is also considered how public policy and institutions can shift the balance away from speculation and back towards enterprise. This book aims to conceptualise instability and highlight how economic and regulatory policy can limit it. It will be relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in economic policy and regulatory reform.

David Harrison has contributed to the academic study of tourism over the last 30 years. This book brings together a collection of his published material that reflects the role played by tourism in'development', both in societies emerging from Western colonialism and in societies previously part of the Soviet system. The overarching theme looks at how, promoted as a tool for development, tourism can lead to conflict between competing elites, but can also empower groups previously subject to constraint by traditional authorities. Tradition is intensely manipulatable and always reflects power relations. Such pressure on tradition is but one aspect of tourism's wider social impacts. This includes changes in economic and social structure, which, for many, constitute social problems that need to be addressed. At the same time,'sustainability', though apparently a worthy aim, can be a problematic concept, especially when applied to'traditional'cultures, and may conflict with such ideals as egalitarianism.

Elgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. Tourism is integral to local, regional and national development policies; as a major global economic sector, it has the potential to underpin economic growth and wider development. Yet, transformations in both the nature of tourism and the dynamic environment within which it occurs give rise to new questions with regards to its developmental role. This Research Agenda offers a state-of-the-art review of the research into the tourism-development nexus. Bringing together contributors from across the globe, this Research Agenda answers the key questions including: Are growth-focused tourism policies becoming increasingly detrimental to destination development? Can mass forms of tourism in fact generate more benefits than alternative forms of tourism? Does the role of the state in supporting tourism-induced development require reconsideration? How effective is tourism-related philanthropy in contributing to development? Is community-based tourism a realistic development policy? To what extent can tourism contribute to what is still the most pressing development challenge, namely poverty reduction? A Research Agenda for Tourism and Development offers valuable insights for students and researchers of development studies and tourism, as well as for policymakers and practitioners in tourism industries.

Why are financial prices so much more crisis-prone and unstable than real economy prices? Because they are doing different things. Unlike real economy prices, rooted in the real goods and services produced and exchanged, financial prices attempt to value future income flows from financial and capital assets. These valuations fluctuate erratically because expectations of the future fluctuate – and large liquid financial markets can amplify, rather than correct, these effects. The book builds on the insights of economists Frank Knight and John Maynard Keynes, that uncertainty of the future is essential to understand the processes of economic production and capital investment, and adds to this Karl Popper's general explanation of how expectations of an uncertain future are formed and tested through a trial and error process. Rather than relying on fluctuating financial prices to provide a guide to an uncertain future, it suggests a better approach would be to adopt the methods common to other branches of science, and create testable (falsifiable) theories allowing reasonable predictions to be made. In finance, the elements of one such theory could be based on the concept of forecasting yield from capital assets, which is a measurable phenomenon tending towards aggregate and long-term stability, and where there is a plentiful supply of historic data. By methods like this, financial economics could become a branch of science like any other. To buttress this approach, the widely accepted public policy objective of promoting real economy price stability could be widened to include financial price stability.

This book reviews all aspects of the phenomenon of mass tourism. It covers theoretical perspectives (including political economy, ethics, sustainability and environmentalism), the historical context, and the current challenges to domestic, intra-regional and international mass tourism. As tourism and tourist numbers continue to grow around the world, it becomes increasingly important that this subject is studied in depth and best practice applied in real-life situations. This book: - Is the first to address a range of theoretical issues relating to mass tourism; - Uses a wide selection of case studies to translate theory into practice, covering the historical rise and fall of UK seaside resorts, the increase in Chinese tourism, conflict between different mass tourism groups, destination transformation from mass to niche tourism, and specific problems facing cruise ships; - Is written by a range of international, established authors to give a global perspective on the subject. Finishing with a speculative chapter identifying potential future trends and challenges, this book forms an essential resource for all researchers and students within tourism studies.

Imagine living in a box at the bottom of the sea for a month at a time. Locked away in a saturation chamber, plumbed to depths of more than 500 feet, this has been David Beckett's love, life, and work for all his adult life. He brushed with death on more than one occasion—such as when called in to assist when the MS Estonia sank in the Baltic Sea in 1994 and claimed 852 lives. Among the depths of despair, there are lighter moments, including treasure hunting in the Philippines, almost clinching a contract to salvage the bursar's safe from the Titanic, and surviving a 24-hour typhoon which brought 80-foot waves crashing down on his boat. The Loonliness of a Deep Sea Diver is gritty, sometimes comical, and offers a unique glimpse into a life at sea, much of it at the bottom.

Pacific Island Countries have been shown to be especially vulnerable to such external influences as natural disasters, political unrest and downturns in the global economy and their tourism industries have been notably affected. In particular, they typically have a narrow resource base and a fragile and often vulnerable natural environment. While there is some research on islands and small states, there is a dearth of information on the South Pacific and very little research is being undertaken in the region compared to other geographical regions in the world. This volume brings together current work in Pacific Island tourism.In this collection, three main themes arise: Images of the South Pacific; Socio-economic Impacts of Tourism; and Pacific Island Countries and the Outside World. The first focus is on the question of image, namely, stereotypes of a destination held by tourists and potential tourists, the extent to which residents, for their part, really welcome visitors, and the role tourism might play in changing pre-established images. The second theme is tourism's impacts, notably the economic and socio-cultural effects of international tourism's intrusion in the region which, though often hotly debated, have attracted relatively little empirical research. The third focus is on the challenges of how PICs articulate with their external geo-political and physical environment. These involve existing relations with formal colonial centres, geographical isolation, the need for greater air access to the outside world and for more tourists, and the continuing threat to several PICs of global warming, which increased air travel will inevitably exacerbate. This text will be of interest to tourism students, researchers and academics in the fields of tourism, development studies and cultural studies.

Competition law underpins the market economy by prohibiting anti-competitive agreements and practices, and the abuse of dominant positions in the market. Until the financial crisis it was widely assumed that the financial services industry was highly competitive. This book explores the extent to which this is the case. By analysing crisis and pre-crisis competition law cases and examples from the UK, the EU and around the world, David Harrison asks whether there exists good reason for financial services to be treated differently from the rest of the market economy. The theory of market efficiency is not borne out in practice. He particularly draws upon John Maynard Keynes in examining the differences between price mechanisms in product markets for'normal'goods, and price mechanisms in financial and investment markets where expectations of the future tend to play a greater role, leading to greater price fluctuations. In this evaluation, the book examines aspects of the practical functioning of capital markets such as the phenomenon of herding behaviour by financial participants, how short-term behaviour by intermediaries can be to the disadvantage of savers and productive investment, the relationship between investment markets and product markets and the extent to which the same competition rules apply to undertakings involved in both. The book will be invaluable to students, researchers and practitioners of banking and finance law, and commercial and competition law..

Part of the Contemporary Review Series. Contemporary Tourism Reviews will provide you with critical, state-of-the-art surveys of all of the major areas of tourism study to people who are coming to a topic for the first time. Written by leading thinkers and academics in the field they provide flexible, current and topical information as an instant download.

When it comes to frameworks, the familiar story of the elephant and the six blind philosophers seems to apply. As each philoso­ pher encountered a separate part of the elephant, each pronounced his considered, but flawed judgement. One blind philosopher felt a leg and thought it a tree. Another felt the tail and thought he held a rope. Another felt the elephant's flank and thought he stood before a wall. We're supposed to learn about snap judgements from this alle­ gory, but its author might well have been describing design automation frameworks. For in the reality of today's product development requirements, a framework must be many things to many people. xiv CAD Frameworks: Integration Technology for CAD As the authors of this book note, framework design is an optimi­ zation problem. Somehow, it has to be both a superior rope for one and a tremendous tree for another. Somehow it needs to provide a standard environment for exploiting the full potential of computer-aided engineering tools. And, somehow, it has to make real such abstractions as interoperability and interchangeability. For years, we've talked about a framework as something that provides application-oriented services, just as an operating system provides system-level support. And for years, that simple statement has hid the tremendous complexity of actually providing those services.

The current trend in developing asymmetric catalysts is towards creating specialized molecules with tailored functions for increased selectivity in classes of substrates rather than general catalysts capable of broad application. In addition, the capacity to generate groups of catalysts with incremental changes to overall structure allows for a more detailed analysis of contributions to the structure selectivity relationships for a variety of substrates. This information can then be used to identify ideal catalysts or improve selectivity and activity of for a particular system. Asymmetric hydrogenation of substituted alkenes with chiral iridium N,P complexes that were developed from the achiral Crabtree Complex have proven to be extraordinary selective and active catalysts. Screening a series of trisubstituted alkenes on 1st and 2nd generation catalysts indicated a strong enantioselectivity dependence on the phosphorus and pyridine substituents. In particular, the substituents in the ortho position of the pyridine ring were found to have significant control over the catalyst. The synthesis of the 3rd generation of chiral pyridyl phosphinite catalysts takes advantage of a flexible late phase incorporation of the functional groups which govern the selectivity of the asymmetric hydrogenation to span a range of steric and electronic properties. The screening of these catalysts in the asymmetric hydrogenation of several classes of trisubstituted alkenes provided clear insight to the factors controlling enantioselectivity which were proven to vary greatly with the nature of the substrate and catalyst. Several catalysts with exceptional selectivity were identified for multiple examples of trisubstituted alkenes which had proven difficult with previous system.

Part travelogue and part scientist's notebook, The Last Speakers is the poignant chronicle of author K. David Harrison's expeditions around the world to meet with last speakers of vanishing languages. The speakers'eloquent reflections and candid photographs reveal little-known lifeways as well as revitalization efforts to teach disappearing languages to younger generations. Thought-provoking and engaging, this unique book illuminates the global language extinction crisis through photos, graphics, interviews, traditional wisdom never before translated into English, and first-person essays that thrillingly convey the adventure of science and exploration.

Medieval bridges are startling achievements of design and engineering comparable with the great cathedrals of the period, and are also proof of the great importance of road transport in the middle ages and of the size and sophistication of the medieval economy. David Harrison rewrites their history from early Anglo-Saxon England right up to the Industrial Revolution, providing new insights into many aspects of the subject. Looking at the role of bridges in the creation of a new road system, which was significantly different from its Roman predecessor and which largely survived until the twentieth century, he examines their design. Often built in the most difficult circumstances: broad flood plains, deep tidal waters, and steep upland valleys, they withstood all but the most catastrophic floods. He also investigates the immense efforts put into their construction and upkeep, ranging from the mobilization of large work forces by the old English state to the role of resident hermits and the charitable donations which produced bridge trusts with huge incomes. The evidence presented in The Bridges of Medieval England shows that the network of bridges, which had been in place since the thirteenth century, was capable of serving the needs of the economy on the eve of the Industrial Revolution. This has profound implications for our understanding of pre-industrial society, challenging accepted accounts of the development of medieval trade and communications, and bringing to the fore the continuities from the late Anglo-Saxon period to the eighteenth century. This book is essential reading for those interested in architecture, engineering, transport, and economics, and any historian sceptical about the achievements of medieval England.

It is commonly agreed by linguists and anthropologists that the majority of languages spoken now around the globe will likely disappear within our lifetime. The phenomenon known as language death has started to accelerate as the world has grown smaller. This extinction of languages, and the knowledge therein, has no parallel in human history. K. David Harrison's book is the first to focus on the essential question, what is lost when a language dies? What forms of knowledge are embedded in a language's structure and vocabulary? And how harmful is it to humanity that such knowledge is lost forever? Harrison spans the globe from Siberia, to North America, to the Himalayas and elsewhere, to look at the human knowledge that is slowly being lost as the languages that express it fade from sight. He uses fascinating anecdotes and portraits of some of these languages'last remaining speakers, in order to demonstrate that this knowledge about ourselves and the world is inherently precious and once gone, will be lost forever. This knowledge is not only our cultural heritage (oral histories, poetry, stories, etc.) but very useful knowledge about plants, animals, the seasons, and other aspects of the natural world--not to mention our understanding of the capacities of the human mind. Harrison's book is a testament not only to the pressing issue of language death, but to the remarkable span of human knowledge and ingenuity. It will fascinate linguists, anthropologists, and general readers.

Simultaneously hailed as the saviour of developing countries and reviled as one of the great despoilers of our environment, travel and tourism is now an industry of global scale, and 2002 saw the number of international tourists exceed 700 million for the first time - the equivalent to over one in ten of the entire population of the world travelling on holiday. The papers that have been brought together in this special issue on tourism reflect the fact that tourism is about more than just people travelling to exotic locations. It is a business, like any other, with the same need to consider seriously and carefully the real estate requirements of the business. And, like many other businesses, there is a diverse range of stakeholders.

'David Harrison writes very well, and presents a good, well-balanced and perceptive appraisal of current perspectives.'--'Times Higher Education Supplement'This title available in eBook format. Click here for more information.Visit our eBookstore at: www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk.