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Summary: This reprint represents the articles published in the Special Issue "Brain Function and Health, Sports, and Exercise". Fifteen articles were published, with topics covering the relationship between acute effects of exercise on cognitive function, as well as the influence of exercise on positive medium-term adaptations in populations as children, youth, adults and older. We think that the different approaches used in the different articles will help the readers to have a greater overview of the current research in brain and exercise.

Summary: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Summary: Regular physical activity (PA) is both a preventive measure and a cure for non-communicable diseases. Moreover, PA improves mental health, quality of life, and well-being. Conversely, physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles have negative impacts on individuals, families, and society, as evidenced in particular by the spread of the obesity epidemic. PA has proven to be a low-cost alternative for the treatment and prevention of disease. Therefore, interventions to prevent avoidable diseases by increasing the proportion of physically active people are fundamental. The Special Issue "Physical Activity, Wellness and Health: Challenges, Benefits and Strategies" was collected research articles on anthropometric determinants of health and performance, PA and healthy habits, exercise and diet, exercise and body composition, interventions to promote PA for people of all ages, strategies for the implementation of an active life, and the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic syndrome. A total of 20 articles were published, falling mainly into the following three areas: anthropometry, health, and sport; health benefits of exercise; population studies and strategies for an active life. All of the studies support strategies to promote PA and reduce sedentary behavior among adolescents, adults and the elderly. There is no doubt that regular exercise is beneficial to health, but the general population should be encouraged to engage in more of it.

Summary: There has been increased focus on evaluating the scientific knowledge base within the field of traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation. TBI rehabilitation comprises several phases, from acute medical care to post-acute care in rehabilitation facilities and chronic care in the community. Rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary effort that covers the full spectrum of medical neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, pharmacology, brain imaging, and assistive and smart technology. A future challenge is to integrate these areas to guide TBI rehabilitation into extensive research and clinical practice. The use of smart technologies and improved brain imaging techniques has an important future in the rehabilitation of patients with cognitive difficulties and disabilities. There is also the need for broad international collaboration to establish large multinational clinical trials in order to define effective service provision and to reach a consensus on the best evidence-based practice of TBI rehabilitation. With this Special Issue, we hope to encourage submissions that discuss ongoing knowledge gaps and controversies, and focus on new perspectives regarding the rehabilitation and management of TBI.

Summary: This book collects recent research in the field of care for neurodevelopmental disorders, emphasizing transdisciplinary work in clinical, educational and family contexts. It presents an opportunity to learn about the impact of participation on children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. Mainly, new therapeutic approaches are presented in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or motor coordination disorders.

Summary: The Special Issue "Juvenile Onset Huntington's Disease" highlights the growing interest in understanding the unique aspects of this ultra-rare disorder. After decades of research, gene therapy trials are underway for Adult Onset Huntington's Disease (AOHD). However, patients with Juvenile Onset Huntington's Disease (JOHD) are often excluded from these efforts, leaving many questions regarding its phenomenology. The current issue includes seven articles spanning work on the difficult emotional experiences of parents of children with JOHD; a review of the clinical manifestations of JOHD; behavioral issues in JOHD; CAG repeat and age of motor onset; autonomic nervous system dysfunction; and abnormality in MRI metabolic markers. Finally, a review of the therapeutic advances is included, highlighting future possibilities of clinical trials in JOHD subjects. The HD community-patients, family members at-risk for HD, caregivers, health-care professionals and scientists-is keen on expanding our understanding of JOHD. In the flurry of research on AOHD, those with JOHD were seemingly 'left behind.' The study of patients who are afflicted early in life with HD has become imperative, with this Special Issue representing just the beginning of the required effort to address this urgent need.

Summary: This e-book version of the Special Issue "Hemorheology and Metabolites" has been dedicated to the novel findings and recent advances in hemorheology, presenting clinical or clinically oriented experimental research and review articles in the context of metabolites, metabolic alterations and blood macro- and micro-rheology.

Summary: Eating Disorders have traditionally been considered apart from public health concerns about increasing obesity. It is evident that these problems are, however, related in important ways. Comorbid obesity and eating disorder is increasing at a faster rate than either obesity or eating disorders alone and one in five people with obesity also presents with an Eating Disorder, commonly but not limited to Binge Eating Disorder. New disorders have emerged such as normal weight or Atypical Anorexia Nervosa. However research and practice too often occurs in parallel with a failure to understand the weight disorder spectrum and consequences of co-morbidity that then contributes to poorer outcomes for people living with a larger size and an Eating Disorder. Urgently needed are trials that will inform more effective assessment, treatment and care where body size and eating disorder symptoms are both key to the research question.

"Mindfulness has become a popular tool for athletes, but the knowledge about the exact associations between trait mindfulness and key performance variables are lacking. This is especially problematic for athletes competing at a higher level where minor costs of a trait or an intervention could easily outweigh the benefits. In this study we investigated the association between self-reported level of mindfulness and performance on two PC based tests of inhibitory control on forty-two professional soccer players. The results showed that the observation facet of mindfulness was associated with better performance on one of the tests, while the non-judgement facet was associated with lower performance on both tests due to more impulsive responding. These findings suggest that trait mindfulness and inhibitory control is related, but that the relationship may not only be beneficial.", "En høy grad av mindfulness anses for å være fordelaktig for idrettsutøvere, og mindfulness-trening har derfor blitt en populær metode innenfor prestasjonsutvikling. Dette til tross for at kunnskapen om sammenhengen mellom å være mindful og viktige prestasjonsvariabler er mangelfull. Dette er særlig et problem for trenere og idrettsutøvere som konkurrerer på det høyeste nivået, der eventuelle ulemper ved mindfulness lett kan utkonkurrere fordelene. I denne studien undersøkte vi sammenhengen mellom selvopplevd grad av fem ulike fasetter av mindfulness og prestasjon på to ulike PC-baserte tester på inhibitorisk kontroll hos 42 profesjonelle fotballspillere. Resultatene viste at observasjonsfasetten av mindfulness var assosiert med bedre prestasjon på én av testene, og at fasetten som måler grad av ikke-dømming, var assosiert med svakere prestasjon på begge PC-testene på grunn av mer impulsiv respons. Disse funnene tyder på at mindfulness og eksekutiv funksjon henger sammen, men at sammenhengen kanskje ikke bare er fordelaktig."