Search

Brain, Decision Making, and Mental Health acknowledges that thinking is not a constant phenomenon but varies considerably across cultures. Critical thinking is particularly important in bridging thinking divisions and its applicability across sciences, particularly medical sciences. We see critical thinking as educable and the arts as means to achieve this purpose. We address the multidimensional relationship between thinking and health and related mechanisms. Thinking mainly affects emotion regulation and executive function; in other words, both mental and physical health are related as a function of thoughts. Considering the thinking‐feeling‐emotion regulation/executive function pathway, it would be reasonable to propose thinking capacities‐based interventions to impact emotion regulation and executive function, such as mindfulness and psychotherapy. We review decision-making taking place in integrated and social contexts and discuss the decision-making styles-decision outcomes relation. Finally, artificial thinking and intelligence prepare us for decision-making outside the human mind.

The concept of executive functioning has become central in understanding normal and abnormal cognitive processes. This timely volume analyzes the diverse conditions that can result in executive function disturbances, providing research about underlying causes, exploring the differences between developmental and acquired executive'dysfunctions,'and providing approaches for the assessment of executive dysfunction both in children and in adults. In doing so, it addresses a gap in the literature in its analysis of executive function deficits and their link with psychopathology in psychiatric patients for the management of clinical symptoms and social adjustment.Among the specific topics examined: Theoretical approaches for the analysis of the diverse dysexecutive syndromes Common executive dysfunction syndromes found during childhood development: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorders Consequences of executive function deficits in the use of information technology Executive dysfunction and personality disorders Common executive function tests, assessment issues in executive dysfunction, and cross-cultural and bilingual questions in assessment of executive dysfunction Dysexecutive Syndromes: Clinical and Experimental Perspectives expertly extends the analysis of executive functions and dysfunctions from a fundamental and clinical perspective. It is essential reading for clinical psychologists, neuropsychologists, neurologists, and psychiatrists, and graduate and post-graduate students in psychology, neurology, and the health neurosciences, as well as clinicians, counselors, and psychometricians working with neuropsychiatric assessment.

Planning. Attention. Memory. Self-regulation. These and other core cognitive and behavioral operations of daily life comprise what we know as executive functioning (EF). But despite all we know, the concept has engendered multiple, often conflicting definitions and its components are sometimes loosely defined and poorly understood.The Handbook of Executive Functioning cuts through the confusion, analyzing both the whole and its parts in comprehensive, practical detail for scholar and clinician alike. Background chapters examine influential models of EF, tour the brain geography of the executive system and pose salient developmental questions. A section on practical implications relates early deficits in executive functioning to ADD and other disorders in children and considers autism and later-life dementias from an EF standpoint. Further chapters weigh the merits of widely used instruments for assessing executive functioning and review interventions for its enhancement, with special emphasis on children and adolescents.Featured in the Handbook:The development of hot and cool executive function in childhood and adolescence.A review of the use of executive function tasks in externalizing and internalizing disorders.Executive functioning as a mediator of age-related cognitive decline in adults.Treatment integrity in interventions that target executive function.Supporting and strengthening working memory in the classroom to enhance executive functioning.The Handbook of Executive Functioning is an essential resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners and graduate students in clinical child, school and educational psychology; child and adolescent psychiatry; neurobiology; developmental psychology; rehabilitation medicine/therapy and social work.

This comprehensive handbook explores the many issues affecting children's physical and mental health. Its coverage spans a broad range of topics, exploring the history and foundations of clinical child psychology as well as the discipline's theories, research base, ethical and legal implications, and diagnostic systems, including the NIMH's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). The handbook examines family risk factors for children (e.g., parental stress, divorce, and depression) and provides leading-edge reviews of cognitive variables (e.g., theories of memory, executive function, theories of intelligence, theory of mind and cognitive tempo). In addition, it describes methods of assessment, including checklists, interviews, and methods of treatment (e.g., cognitive behavior therapy, mindfulness, and family therapy). Chapters focus on assessment of specific diagnostic categories, such as depression, anxiety, selective mutism, ADHD, and pediatric topics, including chronic pain, childhood cancer, childhood obesity, and toilet training. Finally, the book addresses such emerging issues as gender diversity, social justice, cyberbullying, internet gaming disorder and the impact of COVID-19.Key areas of coverage include:Foundations of clinical child psychology.Cognition and clinical child psychology.Testing, assessment, and treatment methods in child psychology.Neurodevelopmental and pediatric disorders in childhood.Assessment and treatments for challenging behaviors in children.Assessment and treatments for psychopathologies in children. The Handbook of Clinical Child Psychology is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, graduate students, clinicians, therapists, and professionals in clinical child and school psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, public health, pediatrics as well as special education, developmental psychology, nursing, and all interrelated disciplines.

This book represents a broad integration of several major themes in psychology toward its unification. Unifying psychology is an ongoing project that has no end-point, but the present work suggests several major axes toward that end, including causality and activation-inhibition coordination. On the development side of the model building, the author has constructed an integrated lifespan stage model of development across the Piagetian cognitive and the Eriksonian socioaffective domains. The model is based on the concept of neo-stages, which mitigates standard criticisms of developmental stage models. The new work in the second half of the book extends the primary work in the first half both in terms of causality and development. Also, the area of couple work is examined from the stage perspective. Finally, new concepts related to the main themes are represented, including on the science formula, executive function, stress dysregulation disorder, inner peace, and ethics, all toward showing the rich potential of the present modeling.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to psychological assessment and covers areas not typically addressed in existing test and measurements texts, such as neuropsychological assessment and the use of tests in forensics settings. The book introduces the vocabulary of the profession and the most basic mathematics of testing early as being fundamental to understanding the field. Numerous examples are drawn from tests that the authors have written or otherwise helped to develop, reflecting the authors'deep understanding of these tests and their familiarity with problems encountered in test development, use, and interpretation. Following the introduction of the basic areas of psychometrics, the book moves to areas of testing that represent various approaches to measuring different psychological constructs (memory, language, executive function, etc.), with emphasis on the complex issue of cultural bias in testing. Examples of existing tests are given throughout the book; however, this book is not designed to prepare students to go out and administer, score, and interpret specific psychological tests. Rather, the purpose of this book is to provide the foundational core of knowledge about tests, measurement, and assessment constructs, issues, and quantitative tools.Explains what constitutes a psychological test, how tests are developed, how they are best used, and how to evaluate their strengths and weaknesses;Describes areas of testing that represent different approaches to measuring different psychological constructs;Explains applications of psychological testing to issues in the courts;Addresses how test authors and publishers design and research tests to address the difficult and demanding issues of cultural differences in test performance and interpretation of test results.

This book highlights the importance of investigating for ADHD in adults with attention difficulties, poor memory and executive function impairments. The authors advocate a neurodevelopmental assessment approach in all phases of life, and explain how to perform such assessments. The identification of ADHD in adults with other psychiatric and neurological disorders will lead to a better response to treatments, and as a result reduce its social, economic and personal burden. ADHD can no longer be considered solely a pediatric condition, as it occurs in a significant proportion of adults worldwide. However, ADHD in adults is often unrecognized and untreated. Diagnosing the disorder in adulthood is a challenge, due not only to the different clinical presentation in this phase of life, but also to the fact that other conditions may mask the symptoms. ADHD constitutes a hidden comorbidity with a detrimental impact of those affected, and a poor response (or even non-response)to several treatments. Intended for psychiatrists, neurologists, specialists in gerontology and neuropsychology, this book is an indispensable resource for all mental health practitioners who want to optimize the treatment of patients affected by psychiatric and neurological disorders who respond poorly to standard treatments.

This important book describes the effects of a range of medical, psychological, and neurological conditions on brain functioning, specifically cognition. After a brief introduction of brain anatomy and function focusing on neural systems and their complex role in cognition, this book covers common disorders across several medical specialties, as well as injuries that can damage a variety of neural networks. The authors review findings on associations between these conditions and cognitive domains such as executive function, memory, attention, and learning, and describe possible causal pathways between diseases and cognitive impairment. Later chapters describe potential strategies for prevention, improvement, and treatment. The book's topics includeCognition in affective disordersCerebrovascular disease and cognitionCognitive sequelae of sepsisTraumatic brain injury and cognitionCognitive deficits associated with drug useObstructive sleep apnea and cognitionCognitive function in pulmonary diseaseThe Brain at Risk reflects the current interest in the links between body, mind, and brain, and will be of great value to researchers and practitioners interested in neuroscience, neuropsychology, and clinical research in the cognitive and behavioral consequences of brain injury and disease.

This thought-provoking monograph makes a multidisciplinary case for bilingualism as a possible enhancer of executive function, particularly cognitive control. Its central focus is the cognitive operations of the bilingual brain in processing two languages and whether they afford the brain a greater edge on neuroplasticity—in short, a cognitive advantage. Major issues and controversies in the debate are analyzed from cognitive neuroscience, psycholinguistic, and integrative perspectives, with attention paid to commonly and rarely studied domains at work in bilingual processing. The author also pinpoints future areas for improved research such as recognizing the diversity of bilingualism, not simply in languages spoken but also in social context, as seen among immigrants and refugees. Included in the coverage: The evolution of bilingualism.What goes on in a bilingual mind? The core cognitive mechanisms.Cognitive advantage ofbilingualism and its criticisms.Neuroscience of bilingualism.Bilingualism, context, and control.Attention, vision, and control in bilinguals. With its cogent takes on ongoing questions and emerging issues, Bilingualism and Cognitive Control is of immediate interest to bilingual researchers and practitioners interested in understanding the behavioral aspects and neurobiology of bilingualism and the dynamic character of the bilingual/multilingual/second language learner's mind, as well as the growing number of advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in the psychology/psycholinguistics of bilingualism, bilingual cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience.

This edited volume focuses on different views of happiness and well-being, considering constructs like meaning and spirituality in addition to the more standard constructs of positive emotion and life satisfaction. A premise of the volume is that being happy consists of more than having the right things happen to us; it also depends on how we interpret those events as well as what we are trying to achieve. Such considerations suggest that cognitive-emotional factors should play a fairly pronounced role in how happy we are. The present volume pursues these themes in the context of 25 chapters organized into 5 sections. The first section centers on cognitive variables such as attention and executive function, in addition to mindfulness. The second section considers important sources of positive cognition such as savoring and optimism and the third section focuses on self-regulatory contributions to well-being. Finally, social processes are covered in a fourth section and meaning-relatedprocesses are covered in the fifth. What results is a rich and diverse volume centering on the ways in which our minds can help or hinder our aspirations for happiness.

This book is devoted to the executive, emotional, social, and integrative functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The PFC has usually been studied only with its executive function or with its emotional function, but recent studies indicate that the PFC plays important roles in integrating executive and emotional functions as well as in social behavior. The first part of the book reviews the functional organization of the PFC in human and nonhuman primates. The subsequent part focuses on the integrator of executive and emotional functions. The third part presents the integrator of executive and social functions, and the final part discusses the default mode of brain activities. There are chapters on animal studies, because functional significance of the PFC cannot be described without referring to those studies. Thus many methodologies are presented such as human neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and stimulation studies, and animal neuropsychological, neurophysiological, neurochemical, neuroanatomical, and neuroimaging studies. Bringing those together, this volume provides a timely and concise picture of the function of the PFC. The result is a valuable resource for students and scientists, providing up-to-date information on this emerging research topic.

This volume analyzes recent technological breakthroughs in aiding children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Chapters offer practical guidance in such areas as assessment, treatment planning, and collaborative intervention. The book also presents findings on hardware and software innovations and emphasizes their effectiveness in clinical practices that are targeted to specific cognitive, social, academic and motor skill areas. In addition, it describes promising new deficit-reducing and skill-enhancing technologies on the horizon.Featured topics include:Developing and supporting the writing skills of individuals with ASD through assistive technologies.The ways in which visual organizers may support executive function, abstract language comprehension and social learning.Do-as-I'm-doing situations involving video modeling and autism.The use of technology to facilitate personal, social and vocational skills in youth with ASD.Evidence-based instruction for students with ASD.The use of mobile technology to support community engagement and independence.Technology and Treatment of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder is an essential resource for clinicians and related professionals as well as researchers and graduate students across such disciplines as child and school psychology, rehabilitation medicine, educational technology, occupational therapy, speech pathology and social work.

ADHD as a Model of Brain-Behavior RelationshipsLeonard F. Koziol, Deborah Ely Budding, and Dana Chidekel Series Title: Springer Briefs in NeuroscienceSubseries: The Vertically Organized Brain in Theory and PracticeIt's been a basic neurological given: the brain does our thinking, and has evolved to do the thinking, as controlled by the neocortex. In this schema, all dysfunction can be traced to problems in the brain's lateral interactions. But in scientific reality, is this really true? Challenging this traditional cortico-centric view is a body of research emphasizing the role of the structures that control movement-the brain's vertical organization-in behavioral symptoms. Using a well-known, widely studied disorder as a test case, ADHD as a Model of Brain-Behavior Relationships offers an innovative framework for integrating neuroscience and behavioral research to refine diagnostic process and advance the understanding of disorders. Identifying a profound disconnect between current neuropsychological testing and the way the brain actually functions, this revision of the paradigm critiques the DSM and ICD in terms of the connectedness of brain structures regarding cognition and behavior. The authors argue for a large-scale brain network approach to pathology instead of the localizing that is so common historically, and for an alternate set of diagnostic criteria proposed by the NIMH. Included in the coverage:The diagnosis of ADHD: history and context.ADHD and neuropsychological nomenclatureResearch Domain Criteria: a dimensional approach to evaluating disorderThe development of motor skills, executive function, and a relation to ADHDThe role of the cerebellum in cognition, emotion, motivation, and dysfunctionHow large-scale brain networks interactHeralding a more accurate future of assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of neurodevelopmentaldisorders, ADHD as a Model of Brain-Behavior Relationships represents a major step forward for neuropsychologists, child psychologists, and psychiatrists, or any related profession interested in a neuroscientific understanding of brain function. ​

From translating the patient's medical records and test results to providing recommendations, the neuropsychological evaluation incorporates the science and practice of neuropsychology, neurology, and psychological sciences. The Little Black Book of Neuropsychology brings the practice and study of neuropsychology into concise step-by-step focus—without skimping on scientific quality. This one-of-a-kind assessment reference complements standard textbooks by outlining signs, symptoms, and complaints according to neuropsychological domain (such as memory, language, or executive function), with descriptions of possible deficits involved, inpatient and outpatient assessment methods, and possible etiologies. Additional chapters offer a more traditional approach to evaluation, discussing specific neurological disorders and diseases in terms of their clinical features, neuroanatomical correlates, and assessment and treatment considerations. Chapters in psychometrics provide for initial understanding of brain-behavior interpretation as well as more advanced principals for neuropsychology practice including new diagnostic concepts and analysis of change in performance over time. For the trainee, beginning clinician or seasoned expert, this user-friendly presentation incorporating ‘quick reference guides'throughout which will add to the practice armentarium of beginning and seasoned clinicians alike. Key features of The Black Book of Neuropsychology: Concise framework for understanding the neuropsychological referral. Symptoms/syndromes presented in a handy outline format, with dozens of charts and tables. Review of basic neurobehavioral examination procedure. Attention to professional issues, including advances in psychometrics and diagnoses, including tables for reliable change for many commonly used tests. Special “Writing Reports like You Mean It” section andguidelines for answering referral questions.Includes appendices of practical information, including neuropsychological formulary.The Little Black Book of Neuropsychology is an indispensable resource for the range of practitioners and scientists interested in brain-behavior relationships. Particular emphasis is provided for trainees in neuropsychology and neuropsychologists. However, the easy to use format and concise presentation is likely to be of particular value to interns, residents, and fellows studying neurology, neurological surgery, psychiatry, and nurses. Finally, teachers of neuropsychological and neurological assessment may also find this book useful as a classroom text.'There is no other book in the field that covers the scope of material that is inside this comprehensive text. The work might be best summed up as being a clinical neuropsychology postdoctoral residency in a book, with the most up to date information available, so that it is also an indispensible book for practicing neuropsychologists in addition to students and residents…There is really no book like this available today. It skillfully brings together the most important foundationsof clinical neuropsychology with the'nuts and bolts'of every facet of assessment. It also reminds the more weathered neuropsychologists among us of the essential value of neuropsychological assessment…the impact of the disease on the patient's cognitive functioning and behavior may only be objectively quantified through a neuropsychological assessment.'Arch Clin Neuropsychol (2011) first published online June 13, 2011Read the full review acn.oxfordjournals.org

This book provides the reader with a thorough understanding of the science of addiction, as well as practical tools for diagnosing, treating, and supporting individuals with alcohol use disorder. It also offers guidance for building a successful recovery and preventing relapse, and it serves as a comprehensive and evidence-based resource that brings together the latest scientific research and guidelines endorsed by expert professionals. Alcohol use disorder is a prevalent and complex disease that affects millions of people worldwide, yet is often misunderstood and stigmatized. This book is intended to contribute to reducing the stigma and misconceptions surrounding the disease and promoting access to evidence-based treatment and support. This volume is structured in a way that allows readers to move through the content in a logical and accessible manner. The first few chapters provide an overview of alcohol use disorder, its historical and cultural context, and the science of addiction. Following that, authors delve into the various causes and risk factors for alcohol use disorder, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and screening tools, and co-occurring mental health conditions. The treatment options for alcohol use disorder are covered in depth, including medication-assisted treatment, behavioral therapies, and support systems for recovery. Chapters explore ways to prevent relapse and build a successful life in recovery. Additionally, the subject of stigma and misconceptions surrounding addictions such as alcohol use disorder is discussed, as are the barriers in building greater awareness, understanding, and access to care. A chapter on advocacy and policy aims to identify and highlight various paths taken in improving access to treatment and recovery support services, and the book closes with a chapter on all the major research and promising treatments that are currently underway. From Stigma to Support: A New Vision for Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment and Recovery is a comprehensive and practical guide that will be greatly valued by psychiatrists and any other medical provider that might treat patients with alcohol use disorder.

This book explores one way in which recent hardware and software advances have placed humanity on the precipice of a significant shift in how technology can shape our interactions with the world around us: the application of transformative extended reality (XR) technology solutions to support the health, wellness, quality of life, and independence of older adults living with and without cognitive impairments. The book provides an overview of the state-of-the art research on XR-based solutions utilizing virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), challenges that can addressed with these technologies, evidence to date on the efficacy of these solutions, and the nature of these solutions and challenges to their implementation. It explores practical ways XR can be integrated into health and lifestyle maintenance activities for older populations in a diversity of situations through thematic chapters using realistic personas and scenarios. These thematic chapters are organized around the AGE-WELL Challenge Area topics, including staying connected, healthy lifestyles and wellness, mobility, and cognitive health, as well as an additional emphasis on leisure. Other chapters provide guidance on important issues to consider when designing XR-based solutions for older adults, how to evaluate and test XR solutions, the implementation of the user-centered design process, and the book concludes by highlighting unanswered questions and future research directions. This book approaches XR for older adults with and without cognitive impairments from the authors'diverse research backgrounds in psychology, engineering, gerontology, and design. It will be of interest to academic and industry professionals as well as care providers considering the potential for XR interventions now and in the future.

This open access book compares and analyses the results in twelve countries of the two latest international student assessments: Progress in International Reading Literacy Study 2021 (PIRLS) and the Programme for International Student Assessment 2022 (PISA) and tries to disentangle the effects of the pandemic from the long term trends in education. It is one of the first, or maybe the first, published volumes to provide a global assessment of the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student learning as measured by independent international comparative surveys. The 12 countries discussed in this volume represent a wide variety of educational systems – including Chile, Ecuador, England, Estonia, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, and the United States. It compiles diverse scenarios including countries that are high performers; countries that perform at the OECD mean; and countries that are struggling to attain the OECD average. Each country has its history that reflects efforts to cope with pandemic school closures and to improve educational achievement. A major topic discussed in this edited volume is related to understanding the diverse circumstances for the variations in results within different countries: Why did learning loss in specific locations? How much learning was lost? Why is a country continuously declining? Why is another country constantly improving? Why is there higher or less levels of inequality? How is a country regularly improving with an outdated curriculum? Which policies have worked, and which ones have not? What can we do now? This book is a valuable contribution to answer these concerns based on a diverse sample of countries and research questions.

This open access book conducts systematic and comprehensive research on urban spatial development problems in China from territorial perspectives, based on the scientific theory on human settlements environment. By integrating the theories of globalization, spatial planning, state intervention, and beyond, the author systematically sorts out both domestic and foreign urban spatial planning theories at national levels. Moreover, population, industries, natural resources, ecological environments, and management mechanisms involved during the urbanization and urban development process were analyzed in order to propose the theory and methods of national spatial planning. This book is recommended for researchers and practitioners in the fields of human settlement environment, urban, and regional planning; graduate students as well as teachers of urban planning, geography, architecture, regional science, and other related majors in universities, and public officials.

The multi-volume set of LNCS books with volume numbers 15301-15333 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024, held in Kolkata, India, during December 1–5, 2024. The 963 papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 2106 submissions. They deal with topics such as Pattern Recognition; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Computer Vision; Robot Vision; Machine Vision; Image Processing; Speech Processing; Signal Processing; Video Processing; Biometrics; Human-Computer Interaction (HCI); Document Analysis; Document Recognition; Biomedical Imaging; Bioinformatics.

This book provides an understanding of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), a psychiatric classification that is characterized by a preoccupation with a perceived or slight imperfection in physical appearance. This disorder lowers quality of life due to time-consuming compulsions intended to hide, fix, or check appearance concerns. Although relatively common, BDD is often not treated appropriately. When untreated, BDD is chronic, severe, and associated with substantial psychosocial impairment and morbidity, including unemployment rates of roughly 40-50%, suicide attempts in 22-28%, and lifetime housebound rates of roughly 30%.This book provides an overview of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), a psychiatric classification that is characterized by excessively impaired perception of physical attributes that can lead to acute disruption of life activities. BDD is a common disorder, but few clinicians are trained in its assessment and treatment. This volume provides an evidence-based review of the literature for a greater understanding of the nature of the disorder. Most important, it demonstrates how to effectively assess and treat BDD. Evidence-based psychological and pharmacological treatments are presented, and importantly, ineffective treatments are also reviewed. To optimize CBT for BDD, guidelines are provided to address the most common challenges in diagnosis and treatment, including common comorbidities, differential diagnoses with similar disorders, safety management, addressing low insight or motivation, and modifying treatment for special populations including youth, patients from under-represented backgrounds, and BDD variants. Case examples throughout illuminate for practitioners the theoretical and clinical aspects of this complex problem. This an essential volume for practitioners and clinicians-in-training for gaining perspective on the disorder and its efficacious treatment. “Integrating research and clinical wisdom of some of the world's leading BDD experts, this book comprehensively covers the foundational as well as more nuanced approaches to treatment. Clinicians from all experience and skill levels who treat BDD will find this book to be a go-to guide to delivering high quality, evidence-based, and individually tailored care.” Jamie Feusner, MD Professor of Psychiatry, University of Toronto

This book presents comprehensive coverage of the RASopathies, one of the largest known recognizable patterns of malformation syndromes, affecting approximately 1 in 1,000 people. These syndromes include neurofibromatosis type 1, Noonan syndrome, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, Costello syndrome, cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome, Legius syndrome, capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome, SYNGAP1 syndrome and central conducting lymphatic anomalies. Noted physician and authority Katherine Rauen and an assembly of the top international experts present detailed discussions of both the science and clinical implications of these fascinating disorders. The major topics covered in this book include the syndromes and genes, the RAS pathway, phenotypic features, animal modeling and treatments. The book will appeal to a wide audience, including clinicians and basic scientists alike such as medical geneticists, genetics counsellors, oncologists, neurologists, cardiologists, dermatologists, behavioralists, orthopedists, ophthalmologists, neuroscientists, RAS biologists, and signal transductionists. This book is also intended for advocate leaders, trainees, and families with RASopathies.

This book offers a multidisciplinary perspective on the ways in which the careful integration of AI might enhance learning outcomes. By inviting dialogue between engineering (what is possible) and pedagogy (what might be desirable), the book offers a holistic view of AI's potential for education. Offering both case studies of practical implementation and pedagogically informed frameworks, it focuses on appropriately integrating technology for educational benefit, presenting a uniquely broad view. The contributors, who are both educators and technically proficient, bring insights into teaching and assessment approaches, research questions, and technological affordances or constraints. Essential for researchers, educators, and policymakers navigating the rapidly evolving educational technology landscape as AI becomes increasingly prevalent in every aspect of life.

This book presents an historical and contemporary overview of Early Childhood Education for Sustainability (ECEfS). It is written by pioneering Australian and Swedish researchers and includes commentary from other key academics in the field. It traces ECEfS from its 1980's origins through to contemporary shifts in policy, theory and practice, and considers significant learnings and future directions. It frames this rich and diverse history through changes in thinking about children, educators, nature/environment dualities and sustainability, and how (re)conceptualisations might further advance ECEfS. This book offers fresh perspectives on how sustainability and climate change can be positively addressed with, by, and for our youngest citizens, especially in times of increasing uncertainty, destabilisation, and urgency for action.

This book presents the proceedings of CRIOCM 2023, sharing the latest developments in real estate and construction management around the globe. The conference was organized by the Chinese Research Institute of Construction Management (CRIOCM) and Southeast University. Written by international academics and professionals, the proceedings discuss the latest achievements, research findings and advances in frontier disciplines in the field of construction management and real estate, covering a wide range of topics, including new theory and practice of engineering management, smart construction and maintenance, green low-carbon building and sustainable development, big data and blockchain, construction and real estate economy, real estate finance and investment, real estate management and housing policy, innovative theory and practice of urban governance, land use and urban planning, and other related issues. The discussions provide valuable insights into the implementation of advanced construction project management and real estate market in China and abroad. The book offers an outstanding resource for academics and professionals.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and Multimedia Intelligence, MoMM 2024, held in Bratislava, Slovak Republic, during December 2–4, 2024. The 10 full papers and 8 short papers in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 34 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: wearable and sensor-based data for human performance and interaction; mobile user experience, motivation, and behavior; medical and cognitive health applications; image, video, and multimedia processing; software and system intelligence.

Older adults are living longer with more chronic disease and functional impairment than at any other time in history. Office-based practice is inadequate to meet the needs of patients who have difficulty leaving their homes for routine or urgent visits, and health care clinicians must choose between trying to manage their problems via telehealth or sending them to the emergency room via ambulance. Indeed, many clinicians receive little or no training in home-based medical care and are unable to consider a home visit that might avert a health crisis or an emergency room visit. Other clinicians know that house calls are possible but may not know how to work them into day-to-day practice. In recent years, a growing number of clinicians have focused their practice on home-based medical care to meet the rising need. In fact, there has been a substantial increase in house calls provided to Medicare beneficiaries. In 2023, over 750,000 traditional Medicare beneficiaries, and in 2022, over 680,000 Medicare Advantage beneficiaries received longitudinal home-based medical care. While the number of house calls has increased rapidly, the number of clinicians providing those visits has markedly decreased, suggesting that clinicians who are providing such care are making it the sole focus of their practice. This book is intended to be a practical reference for any clinician who has struggled to care for an older adult who has difficulty getting to the office. By describing fundamental principles of geriatric house call medicine and application to specific diseases and conditions, we hope to provide clinicians with the tools they need to provide timely, compassionate, and high-quality care for their older adult patients. The second edition has been updated to reflect changes in the healthcare system and approaches to care since the publication of the first edition.

This book outlines a range of user experiments, providing comprehensive evaluations that underline the rationale behind implementing collaborative 3D virtual offices in corporate settings and 3D classrooms in educational institutions. In this book, radically new scientific approaches are taken for studying user effectiveness in the realm of 3D graphical interfaces. The emergence of VR is seen in the book as a pivotal moment in the evolution of information technology, marking a shift from the era of DOS and Windows to immersive digital spaces. Through extensive research and experimentation, it is convincingly demonstrated that integrating 2D user interfaces, such as windows, images, and 2D widgets, into 3D digital environments significantly enhances user effectiveness in terms of online collaboration, memory, recall, and comprehension of complex workflows. Moreover, valuable advice and design principles are offered to guide the creation of such working 3D digital environments.

This book focuses on the clinical and preclinical research on traumatic brain injuries where age at time of injury (young versus aged) reveals both parallel and divergent findings at the molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels with insights into alterations in brain structure and function and the implications for recovery. The authors address the hurdles that have been overcome, consider new directions inspired by the most recent research, and the value of data sharing and evidenced based-practice. Traumatic Brain Injuries: Tackling the Unique Terrain of the Injured Young and Aged Brain explores the challenges imposed by an injury that not only causes tissue damage but disrupts brain development and may incite pathological events in the aging brain. With the proliferation of the research literature in traumatic brain injuries, this is the time for a book that surveys the landscape and assesses where the field is headed and what is needed moving forward.

People in highly developed countries are getting older and older. They want to be mobile in old age, but often have problems in road traffic. Even though they often pay a premium for age-appropriate products that increase safety, the demand for driver assistance systems among older drivers has so far been low. This book summarises the results of the ALFASY (ALtersgerechte FAhrerassistenzSYsteme) project, in which an acoustic driver assistance system is being developed and built to meet the needs of the steadily growing group of older drivers. Technical, psychological and economic aspects were investigated.

This book comprises the proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering 2023. The contents of this volume focus on the general conference with topics on transportation, climate adaptability, sustainable design, green buildings, cold regions, and civil engineering education, among others. This volume will prove a valuable resource for researchers and professionals.

The book delves into the multifaceted world of migraine pain, offering a profound understanding of its underlying pathophysiology and presenting established treatment strategies for its effective management. It discusses the intricate world of migraine pain, offering valuable insights into its diverse aspects. Starting with an exploration of migraine's epidemiology and etiology and the complex factors contributing to this debilitating headache disorder. This book explores the significance of lifestyle changes and offers practical strategies for incorporation. Furthermore, the impact of diet and nutrients on migraine management is extensively covered, shedding light on their role in alleviating symptoms. This book serves as a comprehensive guide, blending scientific insights with practical approaches, making it an indispensable resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals seeking a deeper understanding of migraine pain. By addressing both established practices and cutting-edge advancements, it bridges the gap between knowledge and effective management, offering a holistic perspective on this challenging condition.

This volume in the book series Healthy Ageing and Longevity focuses on the interaction and co-dependence of the brain and mental health during ageing. A wide-range of topics discussed here include conceptual and historical understanding, descriptive analyses, and evidence-based interventions for the maintenance, enhancement and recovery of the brain and mental health, especially in old age. The emphasis is on the effective biological and psycho-social lifestyle factors, and complementary medicine and traditional cultural practices that could be health beneficial. Potential readership includes the early stage- and experienced researchers in biogerontology and cognitive sciences, and college/university teachers, medical practitioners, health care personnel, and public educationists.

This book reviews all aspects of major depressive disorder (MDD), casting light on its neurobiological underpinnings and describing the most recent advances in management. The book is divided into four sections, the first of which discusses MDD from a network science perspective, highlighting the alterations in functional and structural connectivity and presenting insights achieved through resting state functional MRI and the development of neuroimaging-based biomarkers. The second section examines important diagnostic and neurobiological issues, while the third considers the currently available specific treatments for MDD, including biofeedback, neurofeedback, cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, neuromodulation therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and complementary and alternative medicine. A concluding section is devoted to promising emerging treatments, from novel psychopharmacological therapies through to virtual reality treatment, immunotherapy, biomarker-guided tailored therapy, and more. Written by leading experts from across the world, the book will be an excellent source of information for both researchers and practitioners.

This book will provide a guide for medical students to self-reflect, build a portfolio, and select a career path equipped with the knowledge to make an informed decision that is the best for them. The editors comprise a diverse spectrum from background, stage of training, type of practice, to career path. This is a timely update taking into account new situations such as the virtual environment for residency applications, the spotlight on residency wellness, and incorporating diversity, equity, and inclusion in our personal and institutional missions.

This book offers an insightful exploration of drug repurposing, an innovative approach to drug discovery and development that has the potential to revolutionize the field of medicine. It begins with an introduction to drug repurposing and its history, providing a comprehensive overview of the subject. The readers will embark on a journey through the diverse landscape of drug repurposing strategies. From in silico methods of predicting drug-disease associations to experimental approaches to the integrations of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in drug repurposing for validating repurposed candidates. The book also delves into the application of drug repurposing in various disease areas, including cancer, inflammatory disorders, and CNS disorders. It explores the potential hurdles involved in the regulatory aspects of the process. The book further covers drug products under clinical trials and provides an overview of the future perspectives of drug repurposing. With its detailed and informative content, this book is a must-read for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals interested in the exciting field of drug repurposing.

This two-volume manual covers the most relevant protocols in pediatric cardiac care to serve as a practical guide that matches and reflects the high level of accumulated knowledge and expertise in this clinical field. It includes 179 chapters and offers comprehensive, precise, and up-to-date practical tips with specific care protocols to provide the most efficient strategies for high-quality care in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). This book simplifies learning with many tables, flowcharts, graphs, and algorithms for easy access and fast action. Volume I covers many key sections, such as prenatal morphogenesis and physiology of the human heart, fetal cardiology, neonates and congenital heart disease, cardiac imaging, pediatric cardiac catheterization, pediatric cardiac electrophysiology, critical events and emergency procedures in pediatric cardiac care, management of specific cardiac conditions, general pediatric and subspecialty issues related to children with CHD, follow-up standards in pediatric outpatient cardiology clinic, prophylaxis in children with CHD, quality aspects, professional conduct and training in pediatric cardiac care. This manual is a must-have resource for pediatricians, neonatologists, clinical pharmacy specialists, pediatric intensive care physicians, pediatric cardiologists, pediatric cardiac intensive care physicians, pediatric cardiac surgeons, and/or surgeons interested in pediatric cardiac surgery.

This is the first book to extensively explore the current state-of-the-art and promise of engram cells, the closest physical approximation of the memory trace to date. Converging evidence suggests that memories are stored, at least in part, as specific populations of engram cells. In this book, the leading experts in engram biology share their continuously refined insights on how engram cells contribute to information encoding and storage, across diverse brain regions and behavioral modalities. “Engrams: A Window into the Memory Trace'is broad in scope and spans molecular, cellular, circuit, computational as well as societal-philosophical aspects of memory engrams. Particular emphasis is placed on their emerging translational value for memory dysfunctions in age and stress-related disorders.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of essential concepts and evidence that guide the practice of contemporary preventive cardiovascular nursing. The sections incorporate a lifespan approach to cardiovascular wellness, and provide perspectives on sources of known and emerging cardiovascular risk factors as well as the spectrum of multidimensional factors including biological, behavioral, psychological and sociocultural influences on cardiovascular wellness, risk, and the evolution of cardiovascular conditions. Unique features address: 1) building resilience across the lifespan such that optimal cardiovascular wellness can be attained within multiple contexts of health states to increase a healthy lifespan and longevity; 2) behavior change skills for risk factor reduction; 3) risk factors and risk reduction approaches with special populations defined by gender,, age and aging, heath states, and health equity issues; and 4) high level roles for cardiovascular nurses as provider - risk assessor, communicator and care provider; educator, leader, patient and health advocate. Relevant case studies are included throughout to facilitate the application of the content. This book fills a gap in that there is no other book on preventive cardiovascular nursing care and roles, and it provides support for the nurse to lead relevant interdisciplinary teams. The book will empower nurses to build knowledge and skills for cardiovascular prevention and to provide leadership for optimal cardiovascular wellness for patients and communities.

The seven-volume set CCIS 2114-2120 contains the extended abstracts of the posters presented during the 26th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2024, held in Washington, DC, USA, during June 29–July 4, 2024. The total of 1271 papers and 309 posters included in the HCII 2024 proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 5108 submissions. The posters presented in these seven volumes are organized in the following topical sections: Part I: HCI Design Theories, Methods, Tools and Case Studies; User Experience Evaluation Methods and Case Studies; Emotions in HCI; Human Robot Interaction. Part II: Inclusive Designs and Applications; Aging and Technology. Part III: eXtended Reality and the Metaverse; Interacting with Cultural Heritage, Art and Creativity. Part IV: HCI in Learning and Education; HCI in Games. Part V: HCI in Business and Marketing; HCI in Mobility and Automated Driving; HCI in Psychotherapy and Mental Health. Part VI: Interacting with the Web, Social Media and Digital Services; Interaction in the Museum; HCI in Healthcare. Part VII: AI Algorithms and Tools in HCI; Interacting with Large Language Models and Generative AI; Interacting in Intelligent Environments; HCI in Complex Industrial Environments.

This book examines the development and applications of system biology approaches for the prevention, diagnosis, and understanding of disease mechanisms. It explores the applications of system biology in infectious diseases, including host-pathogen interaction, and the identification of targets for new therapeutics and intervention strategies. It covers the use of system biology for understanding and treating metabolic disorders towards personalized and precision medicine. The book further discusses the systems biology approaches for understanding the mechanisms of tumor progression and designing more effective cancer therapies. The chapter also reviews the current strategies in autoimmune disease treatment and highlights the opportunity that systems biology represents for the development of better and safer treatments. Importantly, the book discusses the current state of the systems-level understanding of diseases and both the therapeutic and adverse mechanisms of drug actions usingsystem biology approaches. Cutting across the disciplines, this book is a valuable source for researchers in genetics, molecular biology, cell biology, microbiology, and biomedical sciences.​

This book will provide a concise, focused overview of methods of neurological examination, enabling a focused clinical approach for localization in patients with neurological disorders. Chapters provide a systematic approach for clinical examination along with essential aspects of the neuro-anatomy to provide specific information about disease localization. This book assists medical students pursuing DM/DNB- Neurology, MCH -Neurosurgery, MD/DNB- Internal medicine, MBBS students, and Clinicians, including Neurologists, Neurosurgeons, Internal medicine physicians, and other neuro-scientists. It provides a unique opportunity to formulate correct concepts for clinical neurological examination and hence localization but also provides the opportunity to quickly revise the entire book in a short time.

This book systematizes the latest findings on the clinical, psychological, and pedagogical features of today's children with special educational needs (SEN) and expands the scientific understanding that characterizes such children. The book develops a system of education and assistance for children with SEN, including children with locomotor disabilities, intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, and hearing and visual impairments. The book is intended for heads of educational authorities, parents, specialists working with children with special educational needs, psychologists, teachers, methodologists, specialists in the field of inclusive education, and students and teachers in special education of pedagogical and psychological departments of higher education institutions.

This two-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First Nordic Conference on, Digital Health and Wireless Solutions, NCDHWS 2024, held in Oulu, Finland, during May 7–8, 2024. The 51 full papers included in this book together with 7 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 100 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Remote Care and Health Connectivity Architectures in 6G Era.- User Experience and Citizen Data.- Digitalization in Health Education.- Digital Health Innovations.- Digital Care Pathways. Part II: Clinical Decision Support and Medical AI.- Digital Care Pathways.- Novel Sensors and Bioinformatics.- Health Technology Assessment and Impact Evaluation.- Wireless Technologies and Medical Devices. This book is open access.

This book covers the entire spectrum of eating disorders, including obesity, in a psychotherapy procedure-independent manner and is based on the latest treatment guidelines. All disorders are presented on the basis of current evidence and treatment guidelines that combine psychotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions to provide therapists with clear recommendations for treatment. The 3rd edition has been completely revised to include important current topics and chapters, such as the inclusion of eating disorders in ICD 11/DSM 5, the role of the microbiome and the role of modern media e.g. ehealth in prevention and treatment. In addition, the editors and authors address, among other topics, systemic therapy as a new evidence-based psychotherapy and the discussion of addiction mechanisms in eating and weight disorders, and provide an outlook on the role of neurostimulation procedures to address current developments in obesity and eating disorders. The book is suitable as a reference for physicians in training, educators, and psychologists, especially colleagues from the field of psychosomatics, psychiatrists, and psychotherapists in research, clinic and practice.

This important reference work maps the terrain of disability across the world by providing an overview of issues, concerns and developments in the domains of society, culture, medicine, law, policy, justice, education, economics, and science and technology. It is a truly inclusive volume bringing together perspectives from researchers, activists, professionals, service providers, international development experts and policymakers based in the global North and South, and it particularly focuses on the voices of the principal stakeholders---disabled persons themselves. Working from an interdisciplinary matrix, this book reviews historical developments, contemporary practices and policies. It addresses hitherto unchartered areas in the disability discourse that will be significant in the years to come. In the modern world, the social and medical responses to disability have been separation, segregation and incarceration of disabled people. These responses are reflected in practices of special education, building of asylums, medical classifications and sheltered employment. Current thinking on disability is based on the need to overcome such segregation through the enactment of human rights and socially just programmes, policies and laws such as inclusive education, affirmative action, reasonable accommodation, and supported decision-making. This book explores:· The evolution of the concept of disability over space and time and identifies approaches to disability, debility, equality and equity;· Broad trends in research on disability across the world;· New directions in work on disability;· The emergence of a global disability movement and its etiology;· Intersections of disability with other demographic variables like gender, race, caste, and age; and· Historical and socio-economic interfaces with colonialism, globalization, and social development. Spread over14 sections and spanning more than 80 chapters, this volume is the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference work available on the subject.

This book examines the pedagogical encounters within children's ecological and socio-cultural historical contexts, and aspects of playful learning and development within these contexts. It addresses research and practices varying across learning contexts, providing easily adaptable exemplary practices leading to children's positive learning and development. The book offers a unified general cultural-historical theoretical model for exploring new contexts at different stages of children's learning and development. It suggests studying contexts as a source of development, as social situations of development. It analyzes play, early learning and the transition from play to school learning. It also explores the role of teachers and parents in supporting the development of executive functions, digital literacy, creative inquiries, problem solving and creativity as necessary and important prerequisites of children's school academic achievements. This volume contributes to the discourse on how children's learning is shaped in the 21st century era. It equips educators and parents with new and effective methods of creating developing contexts in their daily practice and to fully utilize the developing potential of existing contexts.

Interactive mobile technologies are today the core of many—if not all—fields of society. Not only the younger generation of students expects a mobile working and learning environment. And nearly daily new ideas, technologies, and solutions boost this trend. To discuss and assess the trends in the interactive mobile field are the aims connected with the 15th International Conference on Interactive Mobile Communication, Technologies, and Learning (IMCL2023), which was held 9–10 November 2023. Since its beginning in 2006, this conference is devoted to new approaches in interactive mobile technologies with a focus on learning. Nowadays, the IMCL conferences are a forum of the exchange of new research results and relevant trends as well as the exchange of experiences and examples of good practice. Interested readership includes policy makers, academics, educators, researchers in pedagogy and learning theory, schoolteachers, learning Industry, further education lecturers, etc.

This book presents the latest knowledge, trends, and advances in cell transplantation and innovations in developing microspheres, 3D biomaterial constructs to enhance transfer, and cell survival to specific regions of the brain. Neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury are increasing. Medications currently only temporarily reduce some of the symptoms but do not cure or delay progression of the disease. Development of effective treatments dramatically improves the independent living and quality of life of patients. Cell transplantation strategies offer an approach to facilitating brain repair, but efficacy is often limited by low in vivo survival rates of cells that are injected in suspension. Transplanting cells that are attached to or encapsulated within a biomaterial construct has the advantage of maintaining cell-cell and cell-material interactions and improving cell survival in vivo. Biomaterials that have been used in preclinical studies to assist with in vivo cell transfer and survival include heparin-chitosan microspheres, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres, RADA 16 microspheres, poly(desaminotyrosyl tyrosine ethyl ester carbonate) microscale scaffolds, carbon nanotubes, collagen-chitosan scaffolds, poly(L-lactic acid) scaffolds, agarose hydrogels, gelatin methacrylate hydrogels, and agarose micro-columns with an extracellular matrix interior. Incorporating growth factors (e.g., glial-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin 3) into the biomaterial constructs increased cell survival and incorporation into the host tissue. International experts in the fields of both experimental and clinical neurological research contribute chapters to this book and discuss the latest achievements in cell transplantation and matrix-assisted cell transfer/survival technologies for diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and brain injuries such as stroke and traumatic brain injury. It is envisaged that research findings in experimental animal models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, and stroke promote clinical trials using biomaterial-assisted transfer of cells.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second Summit on Music Intelligence, SOMI 2023, held in Beijing, China, during October 28–30, 2023.The 10 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Music, Neural Science and Music Therapy, Multimodality in Music and Music Generation.

This book provides an answer to the readers about scientific perspective on learning. It presents a culminating point of four different kinds of studies designed to measure and understand the nuances of brain functioning. The objective of this book is to find answers to four questions: (1) can there be a neuroscientific understanding of the concept of individual differences? (2) does rhythmic sound or noise have an impact on decision making? (3) how does transfer of learning between the hemispheres facilitate the learning process? and lastly (4) beyond the accepted ways of communicating verbally and non-verbally is silent communication possible? This book makes an attempt to address these issues through various aspects of inner-conscious engineering.