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This chapter provides a thorough investigation of the modes by which the sanitary administration coevolved coherently with and inseparably from the Spanish state’s modern transport-communication and economic-industrial infrastructures throughout the nineteenth century. It also investigates examines how quarantine institutions functioned as sanitary gateways or entry checkpoints at borders, physically marking and consolidating while protecting the national territorial space. The paper traces the ideas underpinning the configuration and development of the sanitary network on Spanish national territory, which occurred unevenly – with the most evolved parts depending on certain strategic ports and on links with the railway transport infrastructure that was still under construction. It also suggests that the gradual relaxation of quarantine in liberal Spain was periodically called into question by economic and political policies that defined the relation between the coastal and inland regions of the country.

Mao Zedong's Great Leap Forward campaign organized millions of Chinese peasants into communes in a misguided attempt to rapidly collectivize agriculture with disastrous effects. Catastrophic famine lingered as the global cholera pandemic of the early 1960s spread rampantly through the infected waters of southeastern coastal China. Confronted with a political crisis and the seventh global cholera pandemic in recorded history, the communist government committed to social restructuring in order to affirm its legitimacy and prevent transmission of the disease. Focusing on the Wenzhou Prefecture in Zhejiang Province, the area most seriously stricken by cholera at the time, Xiaoping Fang demonstrates how China's pandemic was far more than a health incident; it became a significant social and political influence during a dramatic transition for the People's Republic. China and the Cholera Pandemic reveals how disease control and prevention, executed through the government's large-scale, clandestine anticholera campaign, were integral components of its restructuring initiatives, aimed at restoring social order. The subsequent rise of an emergency disciplinary health state furthered these aims through quarantine and isolation, which profoundly impacted the social epidemiology of the region, dividing Chinese society and reinforcing hierarchies according to place, gender, and socioeconomic status.

In 1849, a steamship named after President James Monroe headed from St. Louis to Council Bluffs, Iowa. The passengers were members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from Philadelphia. At St. Louis, they were joined with a group of California gold diggers from Jeffersonville, Indiana. But their trip was interrupted when cholera broke out on board. Local fourteen-year-old James McHenry discovered the steamship after it landed at Jefferson City and observed the dead and dying victims along the riverbank. Author Gary Elliott details the history of the outbreak in the city and its far-reaching effects.

For readers of Mary Roach and Jared Diamond, an innovative look at the histories of different epidemics and what it meant for society, alongside what lessons different diseases have to teach us as society battles the novel coronavirus.Throughout history, there have been numerous epidemics that have threatened mankind with destruction. Diseases have the ability to highlight our shared concerns across the ages, affecting every social divide from national boundaries, economic categories, racial divisions, and beyond. Whether looking at smallpox, HIV, Ebola, or COVID-19 outbreaks, we see the same conversations arising as society struggles with the all-encompassing question: What do we do now? In “poignant yet relevant detail” (Niki Kapsambelis, author of The Inheritance), Quarantine Life from Cholera to COVID-19 demonstrates that these conversations have always involved the same questions of individual liberties versus the common good, debates about rushing new and untested treatments, considerations of whether quarantines are effective to begin with, what to do about healthy carriers, and how to keep trade circulating when society shuts down. This vibrant social and medical history tracks different diseases and outlines their trajectory, what they meant for society, and societal questions each disease brought up, along with practical takeaways we can apply to current and future pandemics—so we can all be better prepared for whatever life throws our way.

Throughout the nineteenth century, cholera was a global scourge against human populations. Practitioners had little success in mitigating the symptoms of the disease, and its causes were bitterly disputed. What experts did agree on was that the environment played a crucial role in the sites where outbreaks occurred. In this book, Michael Zeheter offers a probing case study of the environmental changes made to fight cholera in two markedly different British colonies: Madras in India and Quebec City in Canada. The colonial state in Quebec aimed to emulate British precedent and develop similar institutions that allowed authorities to prevent cholera by imposing quarantines and controlling the disease through comprehensive change to the urban environment and sanitary improvements. In Madras, however, the provincial government sought to exploit the colony for profit and was reluctant to commit its resources to measures against cholera that would alienate the city's inhabitants. It was only in 1857, after concern rose in Britain over the health of its troops in India, that a civilizing mission of sanitary improvement was begun. As Zeheter shows, complex political and economic factors came to bear on the reshaping of each colony's environment and the urgency placed on disease control.

The book provides researchers, students, and practitioners in public health, anthropology, and related fields with a brief introduction to a health-care model, Community Participatory Involvement (CPI), which for 20 years has proved successful in fighting global health problems. CPI differs from other community-based models in that it involves a unique synergy of local, civil, and political authorities. Using a South American cholera epidemic as an example, the book -explains in step-by-step detail how the CPI model is used;-includes teaching activities, a list of important tools, and model workshops;-demonstrates how the CPI model can be replicated to deal with a diverse range of public concerns, from the control of infectious diseases to animal husbandry to teacher education.

The most feared attribute of the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae is its ability to cause outbreaks that spread like wildfire, completely overwhelming public health systems and causing widespread suffering and death. This volume starts with a description of the contrasting patterns of outbreaks caused by the classical and El Tor biotypes of V. cholerae. Subsequent chapters examine cholera outbreaks in detail, including possible sources of infection and molecular epidemiology on three different continents, the emergence of new clones through the bactericidal selection process of lytic cholera phages, the circulation and transmission of clones of the pathogen during outbreaks and novel approaches to modeling cholera outbreaks. A further contribution deals with the application of the genomic sciences to trace the spread of cholera epidemics and how this information can be used to control cholera outbreaks. The book closes with an analysis of the potential use of killed oralcholera vaccines to stop the spread of cholera outbreaks.

Researchers have estimated that there are up to 4 million cases and 143,000 deaths worldwide due to Cholera. Author Diane Yancey provides your readers with a fascinating study of this disease. Readers will learn about Cholera in early times, and how it is detected now. They will learn how it is treated and prevented, and hear personal stories from sufferers.

Research on cholera has contributed both to knowledge of the epidemic in particular, and to a broader understanding of the fundamental ways in which cells communicate with each other. This volume presents current knowledge in historical perspective to enable the practitioner to treat cholera in a more effective manner, and to provide a comprehensive review for the researcher.

The United States-Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program was initiated in 1965 by joint agreement between the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of Japan. The purpose of the Program was to promote cooperative biomedical research between the two countries, especially on health problems of recognized impor­ tance in Asia. Cholera was designated as one topic of mutual interest. Panels of scientists from each country were formed, and these met to select priority areas for research. The Cholera Panels initially defined two major goals: 1) improved and simplified therapy for cholera, and 2) better methods for immunization. Progress in the pursuit of these goals led to the recognition that bacteria other than Vibrio cholerae are also important causes of acute dehydrating diarrhea which resembles cholera in its manifestations and patho­ genesis; most notable among these are enterotoxinogenic strains of Escherichia coli. Accordingly, panel guidelines were expanded to include all diarrheal diseases that involve fluid loss caused by an enterotoxin. More recently, studies have shown that vibrios, including V. cholerae, have a distinct environmental life cycle that is probably an impor­ tant factor in the epidemiology of vibrio infections. For this reason, the panel guidelines were again expanded to include studies on the environmental ecology of vibrios. A major project of the Joint Cholera Panels has been the organization and spon­ sorship of an annual conference on cholera and related diarrheal diseases.

Cholera is a life-threatening diarrheal disease that can spread rapidly and in explosive epidemics from one region to another, affecting large numbers of people. V. cholerae, a gram-negative motile bacterium, is the causative agent of this intestinal disease. This book presents topical research from across the globe in the study of cholera; its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Some topics discussed, herein, include emergence of new virulence factors of vibrio cholera as potential vaccine candidates; possible targets for quorum quenching of vibrio cholerae; the environmental reservoirs and vector of vibrio cholerae; and current African perspectives of cholera.

Cholera, which is caused by pathogenic strains of Vibrio cholerae, continues to threaten public health and socio-economic development in many developing countries, particularly those that lack access to potable water and adequate sanitation. The emergence of new V. cholerae strains and the severity of recent cholera outbreaks that began in August 2008 in Zimbabwe, coupled with climate change and elevated antimicrobial resistance, highlighted the dynamics of cholera. For these reasons, cholera was placed at the forefront of world public health agenda. This new book discusses the recent cholera outbreaks in Africa, with particular emphasis on the causes, epidemiology, virulence factors, diagnosis, treatment and possible methods of curbing V. cholerae-induced epidemics in the future.

Cholera, although it can kill an adult through dehydration in half a day, is easily treated. Yet in 1992-93, some five hundred people died from cholera in the Orinoco Delta of eastern Venezuela. In some communities, a third of the adults died in a single night, as anthropologist Charles Briggs and Clara Mantini-Briggs, a Venezuelan public health physician, reveal in their frontline report. Why, they ask in this moving and thought-provoking account, did so many die near the end of the twentieth century from a bacterial infection associated with the premodern past?It was evident that the number of deaths resulted not only from inadequacies in medical services but also from the failure of public health officials to inform residents that cholera was likely to arrive. Less evident were the ways that scientists, officials, and politicians connected representations of infectious diseases with images of social inequality. In Venezuela, cholera was racialized as officials used anthropological notions of'culture'in deflecting blame away from their institutions and onto the victims themselves. The disease, the space of the Orinoco Delta, and the'indigenous ethnic group'who suffered cholera all came to seem somehow synonymous.One of the major threats to people's health worldwide is this deadly cycle of passing the blame. Carefully documenting how stigma, stories, and statistics circulate across borders, this first-rate ethnography demonstrates that the process undermines all the efforts of physicians and public health officials and at the same time contributes catastrophically to epidemics not only of cholera but also of tuberculosis, malaria, AIDS, and other killers. The authors have harnessed their own outrage over what took place during the epidemic and its aftermath in order to make clear the political and human stakes involved in the circulation of narratives, resources, and germs.