Search

In Carlene O'Connor's novel "You Have Gone Too Far," veterinarian Dimpna Wilde finds herself involved in a chilling mystery when a violent cult leader returns to her rural Irish community. Decades ago, the town of Dingle was terrorized by Cahal Mackey, known as the Shepherd, who recruited young, pregnant women to his cult. Now released from prison, Mackey is suspected of being involved in the death of a pregnant woman and the abduction of another. Dimpna teams up with detectives to track down Mackey and prove his guilt. O'Connor's skillful creation of atmosphere enhances the well-crafted plot, making this the strongest installment in the series yet. [Extracted from the article]

Lucy Ives' book, "An Image of My Name Enters America: Essays," consists of meandering essays that lack clear thematic through lines. The most successful essay, "The Three-Body Problem," explores the author's anxiety during pregnancy in the early months of the Covid pandemic and criticizes the excessive medicalization of childbirth in the United States. However, other essays, such as "Earliness, or Romance" and the title essay, are less focused and delve into tangentially related topics. Overall, the essays struggle to find a coherent point. [Extracted from the article]

"Gone" is a transcendent graphic novel by cartoonist Jock that follows a thirteen-year-old girl named Abi as she scavenges for food in a dying city on a distant planet. When a heist on a flagship spaceship goes wrong, Abi becomes trapped on board, separated from her mother and her planet. As she hides within the ship, she must evade the ship's security force, saboteurs, and a virus-like "Entity" that is infecting the passengers. Jock's gritty and realistic art style brings the space opera elements to life, creating a whip-smart adventure that takes readers on a thrilling journey through the vastness of space. [Extracted from the article]

Problem/Condition: Malaria in humans is caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. These parasites are transmitted by the bite of an infective female Anopheles species mosquito. Most malaria infections in the United States and its territories occur among persons who have traveled to regions with ongoing malaria transmission. However, among persons who have not traveled out of the country, malaria is occasionally acquired through exposure to infected blood or tissues, congenital transmission, nosocomial exposure, or local mosquitoborne transmission. Malaria surveillance in the United States and its territories provides information on its occurrence (e.g., temporal, geographic, and demographic), guides prevention and treatment recommendations for travelers and patients, and facilitates rapid transmission control measures if locally acquired cases are identified. Period Covered: This report summarizes confirmed malaria cases in persons with onset of illness in 2018 and trends in previous years. Description of System: Malaria cases diagnosed by blood smear microscopy, polymerase chain reaction, or rapid diagnostic tests are reported to local and state health departments through electronic laboratory reports or by health care providers or laboratory staff members directly reporting to CDC or health departments. Case investigations are conducted by local and state health departments, and reports are transmitted to CDC through the National Malaria Surveillance System (NMSS), the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS), or direct CDC clinical consultations. CDC reference laboratories provide diagnostic assistance and conduct antimalarial drug resistance marker testing on blood specimens submitted by health care providers or local or state health departments. This report summarizes data from the integration of all cases from NMSS and NNDSS, CDC clinical consultations, and CDC reference laboratory reports. Results: CDC received reports of 1,823 confirmed malaria cases with onset of symptoms in 2018, including one cryptic case and one case acquired through a bone marrow transplant. The number of cases reported in 2018 is 15.6% fewer than in 2017. The number of cases diagnosed in the United States and its territories has been increasing since the mid-1970s; the number of cases reported in 2017 was the highest since 1972. Of the cases in 2018, a total of 1,519 (85.0%) were imported cases that originated from Africa; 1,061 (69.9%) of the cases from Africa were from West Africa, a similar proportion to what was observed in 2017. Among all cases, P. falciparum accounted for most infections (1,273 [69.8%]), followed by P. vivax (173 [9.5%]), P. ovale (95 [5.2%]), and P. malariae (48 [2.6%]). For the first time since 2008, an imported case of P. knowlesi was identified in the United States and its territories. Infections by two or more species accounted for 17 cases (<1.0%). The infecting species was not reported or was undetermined in 216 cases (11.9%). Most patients (92.6%) had symptom onset <90 days after returning to the United States or its territories from a country with malaria transmission. Of the U.S. civilian patients who reported reason for travel, 77.0% were visiting friends and relatives. Chemoprophylaxis with antimalarial medications are recommended for U.S. residents to prevent malaria while traveling in countries where it is endemic. Fewer U.S. residents with imported malaria reported taking any malaria chemoprophylaxis in 2018 (24.5%) than in 2017 (28.4%), and adherence was poor among those who took chemoprophylaxis. Among the 864 U.S. residents with malaria for whom information on chemoprophylaxis use and travel region were known, 95.0% did not adhere to or did not take a CDC-recommended chemoprophylaxis regimen. Among 683 women with malaria, 19 reported being pregnant. Of these, 11 pregnant women were U.S. residents, and one of whom reported taking chemoprophylaxis to prevent malaria but her adherence to chemoprophylaxis was not reported. Thirty-eight (2.1%) malaria cases occurred among U.S. military personnel in 2018, more than in 2017 (26 [1.2%]). Among all reported malaria cases in 2018, a total of 251 (13.8%) were classified as severe malaria illness, and seven persons died from malaria. In 2018, CDC analyzed 106 P. falciparum-positive and four P. falciparum mixed species specimens for antimalarial resistance markers (although certain loci were untestable in some specimens); identification of genetic polymorphisms associated with resistance to pyrimethamine were found in 99 (98.0%), to sulfadoxine in 49 (49.6%), to chloroquine in 50 (45.5%), and to mefloquine in two (2.0%); no specimens tested contained a marker for atovaquone or artemisinin resistance. Interpretation: The importation of malaria reflects the overall trends in global travel to and from areas where malaria is endemic, and 15.6% fewer cases were imported in 2018 compared with 2017. Of imported cases, 59.3% were among persons who had traveled from West Africa. Among U.S. civilians, visiting friends and relatives was the most common reason for travel (77.1%). Public Health Actions: The best way for U.S. residents to prevent malaria is to take chemoprophylaxis medication before, during, and after travel to a country where malaria is endemic. Adherence to recommended malaria prevention strategies among U.S. travelers would reduce the number of imported cases. Reported reasons for nonadherence include prematurely stopping after leaving the area where malaria was endemic, forgetting to take the medication, and experiencing a side effect. Health care providers can make travelers aware of the risks posed by malaria and incorporate education to motivate them to be adherent to chemoprophylaxis. Malaria infections can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly with antimalarial medications appropriate for the patient's age, pregnancy status, medical history, the likely country of malaria acquisition, and previous use of antimalarial chemoprophylaxis. Antimalarial use for chemoprophylaxis and treatment should be determined by the CDC guidelines, which are frequently updated. In April 2019, intravenous (IV) artesunate became the first-line medication for treatment of severe malaria in the United States and its territories. Artesunate was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2020 and is commercially available (Artesunate for Injection) from major U.S. drug distributors (https://amivas.com). Stocking IV artesunate locally allows for immediate treatment of severe malaria once diagnosed and provides patients with the best chance of a complete recovery and no sequelae. With commercial IV artesunate now available, CDC will discontinue distribution of non--FDA-approved IV artesunate under an investigational new drug protocol on September 30, 2022. Detailed recommendations for preventing malaria are online at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/drugs.html. Malaria diagnosis and treatment recommendations are also available online at https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/diagnosis&lowbar;treatment. Health care providers who have sought urgent infectious disease consultation and require additional assistance on diagnosis and treatment of malaria can call the Malaria Hotline 9:00 a.m.--5:00 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday--Friday, at 770-488-7788 or 855-856-4713 or after hours for urgent inquiries at 770-488-7100. Persons submitting malaria case reports (care providers, laboratories, and state and local public health officials) should provide complete information because incomplete reporting compromises case investigations and public health efforts to prevent future infections and examine trends in malaria cases. Molecular surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance markers enables CDC to track, guide treatment, and manage drug resistance in malaria parasites both domestically and globally. A greater proportion of specimens from domestic malaria cases are needed to improve the completeness of antimalarial drug resistance analysis; therefore, CDC requests that blood specimens be submitted for any case of malaria diagnosed in the United States and its territories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights that approximately 25 percent of pregnant individuals in the US rarely consume fish, a concerning trend highlighted by a Harvard Pilgrim Health Core Institute study, emphasizing the importance of omega-3 fatty acids for maternal and child health.

The article presents the number of these procedures, including anti-VEGF injections, can trigger a rise in IOP and a retinal specialist offers advice.

The article offers information on cataract surgery almost always goes smoothly, the fact that it's performed on millions of individuals every year guarantees that any cataract surgeon will encounter plenty of challenging cases over time. Topics include the cataract surgeons share their advice for dealing with challenging cases that they've encountered.

The article offers information on the management of pediatric Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). It discusses that Multiple meibomian glands line the upper and lower eyelid margins and secrete the oily component of tears; and mentions that MGD can lead to the development of chalazia, sometimes referred to as styes, which are benign nodular eyelid masses defined through tissue analysis to be chronic, sterile and having a characteristic lipogranulomatous inflammatory profile.

The article informs about the effects of female sex hormones on corneal thickness during pregnancy. Topic include It discusses the changes in corneal curvature and thickness due to corneal edema in pregnancy, their impact on refractive errors and intraocular pressure, and the absence of an established protocol for prescription changes during pregnancy.

Stephanie Middleberg's book, "The Big Book of Pregnancy Nutrition," provides a comprehensive guide for pregnant individuals on meeting their changing nutritional needs throughout each trimester. Middleberg offers advice on specific foods to consume to address common issues such as iron deficiency, constipation, acid reflux, and fluid retention. The book also includes recipes that aim to satisfy cravings while providing necessary nutrients. Overall, this resource is valuable for expecting parents seeking guidance on maintaining a healthy diet during pregnancy and postpartum. [Extracted from the article]

In the article, the author presents some lessons that he learned from his experiences as expert witness that can be used by medical practices to help manage risk and reduce the risk of litigation. Among the tips are making proper documentation of every procedure, using the proper language in describing the patients' complaints, and trying various patient teaching methods.

Dengue and Zika viruses are closely related mosquitoborne flaviviruses with similar transmission cycles, distribution throughout the tropics and subtropics, and disease manifestations including fever, rash, myalgia, and arthralgia. For patients with suspected dengue or Zika virus disease, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are the preferred method of diagnosis. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody testing can identify additional infections and remains an important tool for the diagnosis of these diseases, but interpreting the results is complicated by cross-reactivity, and determining the specific timing of infection can be difficult. These limitations are a particular challenge for pregnant women in determining whether Zika virus infection occurred during or before the pregnancy. This report summarizes existing and new guidance on dengue and Zika virus diagnostic testing for patients with a clinically compatible illness who live in or recently traveled to an area where there is risk for infection with both viruses. CDC recommendations for screening of asymptomatic pregnant women with possible Zika virus exposure are unchanged. For symptomatic nonpregnant persons, dengue and Zika virus NAATs should be performed on serum collected ≤7 days after symptom onset. Dengue and Zika virus IgM antibody testing should be performed on NAAT-negative serum specimens or serum collected >7 days after onset of symptoms. For symptomatic pregnant women, serum and urine specimens should be collected as soon as possible within 12 weeks of symptom onset for concurrent dengue and Zika virus NAATs and IgM antibody testing. Positive IgM antibody test results with negative NAAT results should be confirmed by neutralizing antibody tests when clinically or epidemiologically indicated, including for all pregnant women. Data on the epidemiology of viruses known to be circulating at the location of exposure and clinical findings should be considered when deciding which tests to perform and for interpreting results. Patients with clinically suspected dengue should receive appropriate management to monitor and treat shock and hemorrhage. Women with laboratory evidence of possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy and their infants should be evaluated and managed for possible adverse outcomes. Dengue and Zika virus disease are nationally notifiable conditions, and cases should be reported to public health authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is transmitted via blood or sexual contact. Persons with chronic HBV infection are at increased risk for cirrhosis and liver cancer and require medical care. This report updates and summarizes previously published recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and CDC regarding the prevention of HBV infection in the United States. ACIP recommends testing all pregnant women for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and testing HBsAg-positive pregnant women for hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid (HBV DNA); administration of HepB vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) for infants born to HBV-infected women within 12 hours of birth, followed by completion of the vaccine series and postvaccination serologic testing; universal hepatitis B vaccination within 24 hours of birth, followed by completion of the vaccine series; and vaccination of children and adolescents aged <19 years who have not been vaccinated previously. ACIP recommends vaccination of adults at risk for HBV infection, including universal vaccination of adults in settings in which a high proportion have risk factors for HBV infection and vaccination of adults requesting protection from HBV without acknowledgment of a specific risk factor. These recommendations also provide CDC guidance for postexposure prophylaxis following occupational and other exposures. This report also briefly summarizes previously published American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines for maternal antiviral therapy to reduce perinatal HBV transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with Kylie Cheung, a journalist and staff writer for the website Jezebel is presented. She explains that a government also acts like domestic abusers through its acts like the criminalization of pregnancy and abortion bans. She describes the use of digital surveillance for identifying an punishing people who are pregnant. She discusses the history of the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) and highlights the misuse of such laws against women.

The article discusses U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has claimed that the science related to the neurodevelopmental risks of chlorpyrifos in children is uncertain. It mentions farmworkers, pregnant women, and children have the highest risk of exposure to chlorpyrifos. It also mentions that the EPA's decision to hold off on banning chlorpyrifos was influenced by concerns raised by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture.

The article discusses the increasing use of antibiotic agents in the U.S. had raised concerns from many clinicians, wherein it mentions the harmful effect of antibiotics based from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) study. Topics discussed include the teatment of acute red eyes, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review the use of antibiotics to pregnant women. INSETS: THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS FOR CORNEAL ULCERS;STRATEGIES TO CONQUER BLEPHARITIS.

The article announces three recipients of the annual Coretta Scott King (CSK) Book Donation Grants by the CSK Book Awards community.

The article suggests treatment for an ocular condition of pregnant and breastfeeding patient, mentions Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) classification system for medication, and use of proper medication. It also suggests to avoid dilating drops and safety precautions for oral antibiotics during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It discusses ocular surface disease and glaucoma and its treatment as well as changes in FDA's Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling.

The article discusses an innovative pathway to prevent fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) developed by the hospital alcohol liaison service (HALS) at Tameside Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust in England in collaboration with specialist midwife Mags Deakin. Topics covered include the tendency for alcohol consumption during pregnancy to lead to developmental disabilities and birth defects in infants, and the FASD training provided to trust staff.

The article discusses how the consumption of a variety of seafood can reduce the risk of mercury. The U.S. Dept. of Agriculture's Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee's (DGAC) analysis shows that consuming a variety of cooked seafood outweighs hypothetical risks. In support of seafood for maternal and child health, the 2010 DGAC classified the evidence supporting the consumption of omega-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation as moderate.

An excerpt from the book "Persons Unknown" by Susie Steiner is presented which focuses on cold cases investigation by a pregnant woman.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experiences of raising calves and taking care of cows at their ranch.

The article discusses the diagnosis and management of mood disorders during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Prenatal depression is associated with low birth weight, premature labor and preeclampsia. About 50-70% of new mothers experience postpartum "blues" after their delivery, which is considered a normal reaction due to physiologic changes. Assessing the severity of symptoms is considered the first step in planning a treatment plan for a pregnant woman suffering from depression.

The article discusses the drug labeling system for pregnant women used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It describes some of the proposed pregnancy labeling changes for antipsychotic agents. The physiological effects of exposing newborns to antipsychotic drugs during pregnancy are also described. It discusses the need for pharmacists to offer counseling to patients about the risk of taking antipsychotic agents during pregnancy.

This article provides an overview of ectopic pregnancy and describes the risk factors, diagnostic procedures and treatment options. In addition, the nurse's role in caring for and supporting women experiencing an ectopic pregnancy is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem: Smoking among nonpregnant women contributes to reduced fertility, and smoking during pregnancy is associated with delivery of preterm infants, low infant birthweight, and increased infant mortality. After delivery, exposure to secondhand smoke can increase an infant's risk for respiratory tract infections and for dying of sudden infant death syndrome. During 2000-2004, an estimated 174,000 women in the United States died annually from smoking-attributable causes, and an estimated 776 infants died annually from causes attributed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Reporting Period Covered: 2000-2005. Description of System: The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) was initiated in 1987 and is an ongoing state- and population-based surveillance system designed to monitor selected maternal behaviors and experiences that occur before, during, and after pregnancy among women who deliver live-born infants in the United States. Self-reported questionnaire data are linked to selected birth certificate data and are weighted to represent all women delivering live infants in the state. Self-reported smoking data were obtained from the PRAMS questionnaire and birth certificates. This report provides data on trends (aggregated and site-specific estimates) of smoking before, during, and after pregnancy and describes characteristics of female smokers during these periods. Results: For the study period 2000-2005, data from 31 PRAMS sites (Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New York City, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Utah, Vermont, Washington, and West Virginia) were included in this report. All 31 sites have met the Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objective of increasing the percentage of pregnant smokers who stop smoking during pregnancy to 30%; site-specific quit rates in 2005 ranged from 30.2% to 61.0%. However, none of the sites achieved the HP 2010 objective of reducing the prevalence of prenatal smoking to 1%; site-specific prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in 2005 ranged from 5.2% to 35.7%. During 2000-2005, two sites (New Mexico and Utah) experienced decreasing rates for smoking before, during, and after pregnancy, and two sites (Illinois and New Jersey) experienced decreasing rates during pregnancy only. Three sites (Louisiana, Ohio, and West Virginia) had increases in the rates for smoking before, during, and after pregnancy, and Arkansas had increases in rates before pregnancy only. For the majority of sites, smoking rates did not change over time before, during, or after pregnancy. For 16 sites (Alaska, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York [excluding New York City], North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, Washington, and West Virginia) for which data were available for the entire 6-year study period, the prevalence of smoking before pregnancy remained unchanged, with approximately one in five women (from 22.3% in 2000 to 21.5% in 2005) reporting smoking before pregnancy. The prevalence of smoking during pregnancy declined (p = 0.01) from 15.2% in 2000 to 13.8% in 2005, and the prevalence of smoking after delivery declined (p = 0.04) from 18.1% in 2000 to 16.4% in 2005. Interpretation: The results indicate that efforts to reduce smoking prevalence among female smokers before pregnancy have not been effective; however, efforts targeting pregnant women have met some success as rates have declined during pregnancy and after delivery. Current tobacco-control efforts and smoking-cessation efforts targeting pregnant women are not sufficient to reach the HP 2010 objective of reducing prevalence of smoking during pregnancy.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article evaluates the care provided by respiratory nurse specialists to pregnant women with asthma. The effect of asthma on pregnancy and the effect of pregnancy on asthma are discussed with reference to relevant literature. This article focuses on education relating specifically to asthma and pregnancy and the personalised asthma action plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INVESTIGATORS AT THE NATIONAL Institutes of Health (NIH) found that pregnant women made only slight changes to their diet after receiving a gesta-tional diabetes diagnosis. The study authors noted that these observations are reassuring, because complex carbohydrates from whole fruits or grains may be beneficial for gestational diabetes, whereas saturated fats can worsen health outcomes by promoting excessive fetal growth. [Extracted from the article]

The article provides an answer to the question on the health safety issues that should be considered by optometrists when dilating and prescribing therapeutics to pregnant women with eye conditions.

This article explores approaches to the perioperative care of pregnant women. Considerations such as the anatomical and physiological changes that occur during pregnancy are addressed, as well as adaptations to perioperative care made necessary by these changes. The potential limitations, constraints and difficulties faced when planning and implementing care are discussed. Social, psychological and environmental issues are also addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2005, two tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines were licensed and recommended for use in adults and adolescents in the United States: ADACEL® (sanofi pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania), which is licensed for use in persons aged 11-64 years, and BOOSTRIX® (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium), which is licensed for use in persons aged 10-18 years. Both Tdap vaccines are licensed for single-dose use to add protection against pertussis and to replace the next dose of tetanus and diphtheria toxoids vaccine (Td). Available evidence does not address the safety of Tdap for pregnant women, their fetuses, or pregnancy outcomes sufficiently. Available data also do not indicate whether Tdap-induced transplacental maternal antibodies provide early protection against pertussis to infants or interfere with an infant's immune responses to routinely administered pediatric vaccines. Until additional information is available, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that pregnant women who were not vaccinated previously with Tdap: 1) receive Tdap in the immediate postpartum period before discharge from hospital or birthing center, 2) may receive Tdap at an interval as short as 2 years since the most recent Td vaccine, 3) receive Td during pregnancy for tetanus and diphtheria protection when indicated, or 4) defer the Td vaccine indicated during pregnancy to substitute Tdap vaccine in the immediate postpartum period if the woman is likely to have sufficient protection against tetanus and diphtheria. Although pregnancy is not a contraindication for receiving Tdap vaccine, health-care providers should weigh the theoretical risks and benefits before choosing to administer Tdap vaccine to a pregnant woman. This report 1) describes the clinical features of pertussis, tetanus, and diphtheria among pregnant and postpartum women and their infants, 2) reviews available evidence of pertussis vaccination during pregnancy as a strategy to prevent infant pertussis, 3) summarizes Tdap vaccination policy in the United States, and 4) presents recommendations for use of Td and Tdap vaccines among pregnant and postpartum women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The publication focuses on the current dilemmas in treating depressed pregnant patients. It provides an epidemiological discussion of untreated depression in pregnant women and its impact on the adaptation and performance in children exposed to the illness in utero. Given are symptoms in the diagnosis of major depressive disorder during pregnancy such as anhedonia and feelings of guilt. It also cites issues to be considered when medications are used during pregnancy.

Dietary advice about fluid and fibre for pregnant women is limited in comparison to information on folic acid. Low intakes of these nutrients can affect the health status of pregnant women. Research indicates that pregnant women consume fibre at lower levels than the recommended intake for the non-pregnant population (Anderson 1986, Derbyshire et al 2006). Low fluid intake has been linked to constipation in pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester. This article provides information for health professionals about how much fibre and fluid should be consumed during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the causes of stretch marks on the human body. Stretch marks are thin lines of pink color that appear on flattened skin due to overstretching and tearing of tissues. These marks commonly appear on the breasts, abdomen of pregnant women, obese or on adolescents in the growth phase. However, no treatment is required for stretch marks as they become less unsightly with time.

This article examines complications in early pregnancy and outlines their management in an early pregnancy unit It includes a description of early fetal development. The use of ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool and the psychological impact of early pregnancy loss are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the treatment of children infected with HIV in Chicago, Illinois. Organization of research protocols; Facilitation of mandatory HIV testing for pregnant mothers; Determination of the baseline functioning of HIV-positive children.

This article presents a comprehensive coverage of clinical management in primary care of pregnant women. It provides guidelines for general practitioners and midwives in caring pregnant women. It discusses various topics related to pregnancy like first attendance, recommendation of folic acid, effects of smoking and alcohol abuse in pregnancy, importance of exercise in trimesters, ways to avoid infections and clinical examinations. This article also suggests steps to be taken by expectant mothers before and after delivery. It provides information on urinary tract infection which is more common in pregnancy, as is pyelonephritis, which sometimes results in preterm labour and septicaemia.

Part III. Provides tips on eye care and systemic health of pregnant women. Physiological conditions; Pathological condition during pregnancy; Neurological conditions of pregnant women. INSET: Drugs Characterized By Fetal Risk.

The article reports that caffeine-related pregnancy outcomes concluded that there is no safe level of caffeine consumption for pregnant women or those trying to conceive including examines that Jack James several reviewed article on caffeine and caffeinated beverages and link to pregnancy outcomes.

The article focuses on emergency contraception (EC) agents sold over the counter and the responsibility of pharmacists when it comes to screening for contraindications and providing counseling and risk disclosure. Patients should be advised that known pregnancy cannot be terminated with levonorgestrel EC. Especially when it comes to mechanism of action (MOA) and public health concerns, there is much uncertainty surrounding the over-the-counter use of EC.