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The article describes the importance of ceramides for skincare. Ceramides are components of the intercellular lipid structure of the skin and play an important role in maintaining the skin barrier and moisture supply. Ceramide NP is the most commonly used type in skincare products and contributes to restoring the skin barrier and increasing moisture content. The use of ceramides in cosmetic products has increased in recent years as they are considered effective ingredients for improving skin health. One solution is the use of DS-CERAmix-V, a lamellar liquid crystal formulation that mimics the lipid composition of the skin and contains various ceramides. DS-CERAmix-V and DS-HydroCeramide50 are innovative solutions for formulating skincare products with ceramides. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses major impactful events that took place in the global oil and gas and petrochemical industries in the 1980s. It also witnessed a greater focus on mitigating vehicle emissions and the continued phase-out of lead in transportation fuels. It also witnessed the creation of three novel heavy-oil upgrading technologies and popularization of new digital technologies to enhance multiple facets of the oil and gas and petrochemicals industries.

The article offers information on the Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCPs) which were first developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s by the American chemist, Richard S. Stein. Stein was working at the Liquid Crystal Institute at Kent State University in Ohio, which was founded by George W. Gray. It discusses that the first commercial application of LCPs was in the electronics industry, where they were used to make connectors for high-speed data transmission.

Electronically steerable antennas (ESA) are key components for 5G, especially at mmWave frequencies. Typical ESAs are phased arrays based on silicon beamforming integrated circuits (IC). Notwithstanding the flexibility silicon-based ESAs offer, two potential obstacles to widespread deployment are power consumption and equipment cost. These result in high operating and capital expenses for network operators. As an alternative to silicon-based active phased arrays, liquid crystal (LC)-based passive phased arrays are being introduced for 5G applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article evaluates various electronic packaging and interconnections including ASY60300-006 MRJ21 1U patch panels for high-density networking from Bel Stewart Connector, TLC-100 spray-on liquid crystals from Advanced Thermal Solutions, and OA109AP and OA172SAP series of thermally-controlled ac and dc fans from Orion Fans/ Knight Electronics.

Describes the top-rate performance of class D multichannel audio amplifiers. Use of a pulse-width modulated signal to drive the output stage; Conversion of signal into an analog waveform suitable for a loudspeaker by passive liquid crystal filtering; Advantages of bridge-tied load configuration; Dynamic peak compression; Parameters for selecting output devices.

Deals with a variety of portable displays. Benefits of a head-mounted microdisplay; Three forms of microdisplay technology; Utilization of liquid crystal as a light-reflecting material; Emissive-display pixels; Advice on selecting a microdisplay.

Presents information on historical inventions, discoveries and events in engineering that happened in the nineteen seventies. Use of liquid crystals in a clock developed by Siemens Corp.; Announcement of gene synthesis in 1970; Building of the ship, Nisseki Maru in Japan in 1971; Application of magnetic reader pens in grocery stores in 1972; Enhancement of the microwave oven in 1970.

Focuses on the increasing popularity of rigid-rod polymer liquid crystals in engineering. Historical perspective of polymers; Thermal properties of celazole; Reference to studies conducted to discover other properties of polymers.

The article reports that Researchers from Case Western Reserve University, Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and University of Calabria (Italy) explored using liquid crystals to gain dynamic control over the optical properties of metalenses. It mentions limitations compared to traditional lenses, including lower light transmission efficiency and size restraints.

Provides information on the R/flex® 3000 line of liquid-crystal-polymer (LCP) circuit materials from Rogers Corp. Description of the LCP circuit materials; Surface resistivity of the materials; Volume resistivity; Chemical resistance of the materials.

The article reports on Nathalie Katsonis of the University of Twente and Stephen P. Fletcher of the University of Oxford turning to liquid crystal chemistry to make more powerful soft robots and microfluidic systems.

The article focuses on the deposition properties of a new lens and its effect on lenses wettability. It states that a good tear film should be maintained on surface of contact lenses because it improves the quality of vision. It presents various importance of lenses wettability including it maintains healthy tear film and it spreads liquid over a solid surface.

A photograph of liquid crystals taken by Craig Bettenhausen is presented.

This article discusses the growing competition in digital display devices. Aggressive competition continues in flat-panel-displays (FPDs). LCDs maintain an edge, particularly in desktop monitors, laptops, notebooks, cell phones, and multimedia consumer devices. Now manufacturers are making a charge for the large-screen home TV market. Plasma Display Panels (PDPs) and microdisplays of liquid crystal on silicon also are vying for large-screen home TVs. PDPs have gained plenty of consumer attention over the last few years because of their attractive form factors and market availability. INSET: Display trends.

Features JVC's DLA-SX21U projector technology. Advantages of liquid crystal on silicon; Resolution capacity; Text and video quality; Navigation controls.

This article reports that scientists Giuseppe D'Adamo and Cristian Micheletti at the International School for Advanced Studies, SISSA, in Treste Italy, have deliberately introduced flaws into liquid crystals by inserting microspheres and then controlling them with electrical fields.

The article discusses research which investigated liquid-crystal elastomer (LCE), conducted by Timothy J. White of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory and colleagues, published in a 2015 issue of "Science" journal.

Reveals findings made by physics professor Jay S. Patel and his postdoc, Young Jin Kim of Pennsylvania State University that liquid crystals could generate sound. Source of sound; Finding that the liquid crystals make a transient note after a voltage application.

The article reports on Varilite™ Vision Panels, glass panels that change from frosted to clear and back again from Taliq Corp., Sunnyvale, CA. The window-size glass changes from transparent to translucent with the flick of a switch. A thin film coated with liquid crystal droplets in a crystalline form makes this possible. The film is laminated with polyvinyl butyral interlayers between panels of heat strengthened flat glass.

This article discusses technology development with respect to Liquid crystal displays (LCDs). LCDs found on laptop computers and handheld TVs have also progressed in the past few years. Early portable computer users invariably complained that their screens were hard to read and too vulnerable to ambient light conditions. Traditional LCDs work as light is refracted by crystals, creating light places on polarized glass or plastic. New active matrix display technology eases the brightness dilemma. Each and every pixel has its own transistor supplying it with energy from the electrode.

Reports on the preparation of a stable emulsion exhibiting novel colloidal interactions using a liquid crystal as a solid phase. Opening of the way to a field of emulsions using anisotropic liquid crystals; Effects; Causes of the effects; Applications of the emulsions to cosmetics, agriculture and drug industries.

The article reports on the acquisition of British company AZ Electronic Materials in an all-cash deal by German drugs and chemicals group Merck & Co. Inc. Merck is knwn as the world's largest manufacturer of liquid crystals, which are used in TV's, tablets and smartphones, and it is expected that acquiring AZ Electronics will help the German firm expand in the touch-screen market.

This article reports on the statement issued by Walter Galinat, president of performance materials at Merck KGaA, regarding the plan of the company to focus on growing its successful liquid crystals business as well as developing a range of products still in the pipeline. Performance materials accounted for 16% of the company's 10.7 billion euros group sales in 2012.

The article focuses on a research by researcher Ivan Aprahamian et al. in the "Angewandte Chemie International Edition" in 2013, in which researchers developed a molecular switch, made from two cholesterol molecules connected by a hydrazone linker that can change crystal's color with changed pH.

The article reports on a liquid-crystal system that contains a single luminescent moiety and responds to a stimuli by switching reversibly among three colored states, referencing a study by chemists Yoshimitsu Sagara and Takashi Kato and published in the "Angewandte Chemi International Edition."

The article discusses a study that developed a detector for endotoxin. Researchers at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, led by Nicholas L. Abbotte, have reported that bacterial lipopolysaccharide causes structural changes to micrometer-sized droplets of liquid-crystal 4'-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl. It reveals that bacterial lipids causes visible reordering of liquid crystals at low levels.

The article reports on a study which found that employing a liquid-crystalline fluid phase could extend the capability of electrophoresis to include separating symmetrical or uncharged particles.

The article discusses research being done on a mechanism for forming peptide based liquid crystals that could act as cell scaffolds.

The article reports on the development of a simple method for preparing rare-earth hydroxide films by trapping crystallites. It states that in traditional method, the resulting films have better quality in terms of orientation and coverage than crystalline films. The film-fabrication method begins by dispersing the crystallites in water and then adding hexane resulting to a two-phase system. The films subjected to ultrasound treatment create uniform layers of the large crystallites.

The article reports that a team of physicists led Tommaso G. Bellini and Noel A. Clark have discovered that short DNA fragments will stack upon one another like cola cans to form slender structures needed to make a liquid crystal. Bellini explains that the double-stranded DNA phase separates from the single-stranded DNA to form liquid-crystal droplets. Both physicists point out that the finding suggests a possible mechanism for the formation of DNA and RNA from a prebiotic soup of chemicals.

The article presents updates on the performance of several consumer electronics producers in the U.S. It reports that Samsung has continued to hold the top spot in retail shelf for its liquid crystal display television placements in September 2007 while Panasonic and Sony maintained their status as leaders for plasma and rear-projection television placements respectively. Toshiba and Vizio were the big gainers in the market. It also explains that Samsung's increase was aided by the release of its four new products all of which were 40 inches in size. In terms of new product releases for September, DLP led the technology with five new products in the channel.

The article features the UltiMate 3000 Intelligent LC systems with Chromeleon chromatography management software. According to the article, the systems enable laboratories to automate different liquid crystal (LC) methods on one system. The article describes the application switching technique which automatically alternates between applications for optimal productivity and convenience.

The article reports on the finding that nanometer-sized droplets of liquids crystallize differently than their larger counterparts according to a study that challenges the conventional theories of phase transformations. Scientists have shown that a gold-alloy-tipped germanium nanowire encapsulated in a carbon film can function as a pipette and dispense zeptolite metal droplets. Nanodroplets crystallize through a surface-faceting process.

The article offers information about the backlighting technology employed by Global Lighting Technologies (GLT). Backlighting is important to a power editor because it eliminates the usage of laptop ac-dc converters and it simplifies the task of powering backlights. However, the GLT has more to offer about such technology. The company combined its MicroLens light guides with Luminus Devices' PhlatLight technology to demonstrate a 24-inch working prototype of a MicroLens/PhlatLight edge-lit Liquid Crystal Display Television backlight. The PhlatLight (Photonic Lattice) technology enables a new type of solid-state light source based on patented photonic lattice structures, done by the lateral propagation of photons inside the semiconductor device.

The article reports on the development of eyeglasses that can automatically refocus by scientists from the University of Arizona and the Georgia Institute of Technology in the U.S. as of April 2006. The lenses in the prototype feature liquid-crystal material placed between two flat sheets of glass. A coating of indium-tin oxide acts as an electrode. The researchers change the orientation of the liquid crystals by applying a voltage as low as 1.8V, altering the focal length of the lenses. They claim that the innovation will lead to active eyeglasses that automatically adjust their focus based on the position of the wearer's eyes.

The article reports on the capabilities of a prototype liquid-crystal spectacles developed by the group led by University of Arizona scientists Guoqiang Li and Nasser Peyghambarian. The eyeglasses can change focus in less in a short period of time and require only low voltage. The design of the lens features a liquid-crystal layer held between two thin sheets of glass.

The article reports on the possible use of a type of semiconducting polythiophene with high charge-carrier mobility, in flexible and lightweight large-area displays. The polymers are designed to assemble into large crystalline domains from a liquid crystal phase. Well-oriented and closely-packed polymer backbones are exhibited by the polymers when they are fabricated as thin films.

The article describes the SOURCE LCMS-5000 liquid crystal-mass spectrometry gas generation system from Parker Hannifin Corp. that combines a compressor with coalescing filters, catalysts and hollow-fiber membranes to produce nitrogen, zero air and exhaust pump gases.

The article discusses the achievements of George H. Heilmeier, chairman emeritus of Telcordia. Heilmeier has received various national and international awards, including the Technology Leader of the Year in 1993. He held patents in the areas of electro-optic effects in molecular and liquid crystals in 1993. Heilmeier was presented with the Kyoto Prize in November 2005.

The article focuses on the SSD-1279 liquid crystal display (LCD) from Solomon Systech that exploits the abundant memory resources available in advanced mobile phones that typically feature a microcontroller or DSP and an image processor. The SSD1279 LCD driver measures 24x1.5 mm² and can drive thin-film-transistor LCD panels as large as 4 in. The SSD1279 consumes 6.9 mW when driving a 2.2-in. TFT LCD with 240x320-pixel QVGA resolution. CK Chow, product-marketing manager of Solomon Systech, envisions a trend in advanced phones with RAMless LCD drivers.

The article reports that a new machine-mounted closed-circuit vision system helps improve productivity as well as safety on the jobsite. While it is not intended to be used in place of direct views or installed mirrors, the Work Area Vision System enhances awareness of surroundings, work tool activity and changing conditions in the work area, the maker says. The system includes a 7-inch color thin-film-transistor liquid crystal displays display that gives the operator an increased field of vision in the cab.

Presents news briefs on construction projects in the chemical industry as of January 2005. Plans of Merck KGaA to expand its liquid crystal mixing facility in Poseung, Korea; Companies that were short-listed by Enterprise Nationale d'Industrie for a management-consultancy contract; Plan of Sitara Peroxide to build a hydrogen peroxide unit in Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Reports that European researchers have shown that custom-made molecules can assemble into liquid-crystal networks based on pentagonal honeycombs and other unusual patterns. Methods for controlling supramolecular architectures which may eventually lead to new types of material phases; Procedures for preparing the new types of honeycomb structures; Texture of liquid crystals with novel structures that form from tailor-made T-shaped molecules.

The article focuses on Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) and Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). The rising popularity of dual-screen, clamshelldesign mobile phones has prompted developers to find ways to combine the hardware associated with the subdisplay and the main display. But makers of OLED displays say their products have an advantage over LCDs, as the absence of a backlight could allow for even greater sharing of electronics. In fact, a number of companies have developed so-called dual or double-sided displays. The Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) in Taiwan recently demonstrated a 3.8-in., 320- by 240-pixel dual display that could show a single color. An LCD is developed by a company which can be read from either side. The unit contains a single panel and light source. Its main display is backlit, and its subdisplay is frontlit. The reversible light module uses 100-nm microprisms to direct light from LEDs along the edges. It offers 100 cd/m2 at 20 mA and a 55:1 contrast ratio, which is better than most frontlights. Overall, the reversible LCD could be less than 3 mm thick, which is actually thinner than the dual OLED. The dual OLED is much more visually attractive than the LCD alternative.

The article informs that LightSpace Technologies has unveiled the DepthCube Z1024, an improved version of its 3D volumetric display. To present physically deep 3D images, the DepthCube Z1024 projects a series of images at high speeds, of up to 1500 frames per second, into an array of liquid crystal shutters. The solid-state display system combines 20 display planes at 1024x768 resolution and patented multi-layer, anti-aliasing technology to provide high-resolution, true 3D images with more than 15 million voxels in 32,000-plus colors.

Reports on Sumitomo Chemical's construction of a liquid-crystal component manufacturing facility in Wuxi, China. Features of the facility.

Provides information on a surfactant-templated synthesis developed by a group of researchers from China, Japan and Sweden to produce silica that contains chiral pores. Approach used by the researchers in developing the materials; Uses for the materials; Advantages of the material over chiral liquid-crystal assemblies.

Reports on the work by two research teams involving liquid crystals (LC). Establishment of evidence of biaxial nematic liquid crystal phase on boomerang shaped molecules; Observation of the phase alignment of liquid crystals on two axes in oxadiazole derivaties using polarized light microscopy by Edward T. Samulski and colleagues; Claim by Samulski of the uniaxial symmetry of prior nematic LC; Confirmation of the biaxial nature by Satyendra Kumar and colleagues after examination of the x-ray diffraction patterns of oxadiazole derivatives.