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The article focuses on an in-depth environmental and economic assessment that was conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in collaboration with Eastern Research Group, on food waste recycling options. It mentions that eutrophication potential is an environmental impact category related to nutrient pollution of freshwater and marine water systems. It also mentions that energy demand results highlight the energy recovery potential of food waste.

The article informs that anaerobic digestion (AD) facilities, municipal composting programs, and farm-based composters and digesters throughout Massachusetts are working to divert food waste from landfills and waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities. It mentions that while the pathways modeled here are specific to Massachusetts, the comparative systems level analysis framework could be applied to other communities trying to determine the environmentally preferable and cost-effective management option.