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The article discusses the things that ophthalmologists need to know about neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a rare, antibody (Ab)-mediated, inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Topics include clinical characteristics of NMOSD, neuroimaging findings of NMOSD, and factors needed to prevent disability and improve survival rates.

The article discusses potential medication and vaccine approvals for the year 2024. It highlights several key contenders, including Glatiramer acetate (GA) Depot for multiple sclerosis (MS), Sotatercept for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and Lifileucel for advanced melanoma. The article also mentions the development of combination COVID-19/influenza vaccines and a potential RSV vaccine. Pharmacists are encouraged to stay informed about these upcoming approvals to educate patients and prepare for their storage and dispensing. [Extracted from the article]

The article highlights a retrospective study on ocular involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, indicating that over half of the patients experienced MS-related neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, with optic neuritis being the most common. It emphasizes the importance of collaboration between neurologists and ophthalmologists for early diagnosis and management of MS-related ocular conditions.

This article deals with the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis, which shows very different forms. The different course of the disease is shown on the basis of two cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with MS and optic neuritis are more likely to have binocular vision deficits such as esophoria posture with reduced stereopsis.2 As a result, it can be challenging to give patients with MS the optimal eyesight they may expect. Multiple sclerosis (MS) can be a demanding and disabling condition in which the body's immune system attacks nerves in the brain and spinal cord. [Extracted from the article]

Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMMS) is a two-dimensional technique that allows separation of ionized molecules based on molecular size, shape, and mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). It has rapidly become a valuable application for analyzing isomeric compounds in a complex matrix (for example, proteomic and llipidomic samples) or complex mixtures of structurally related and isobaric analytes (such as oil samples or polymer blends). IMMS was investigated as a possible technique to compare purported generic products with Copaxone (glatiramer acetate), a drug for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis that contains a very complex mixture of synthetic peptides. The analysis was performed on 15 randomly chosen batches of Copaxone and five batches of purported generics that are marketed drugs in their country of origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on a study which showed that the multiple sclerosis (MS) drug fingolimod from Novartis can be an effective treatment option against uveitis. According to The Retina Institute's Doctor Bradley T. Smith, the drug prevents lymphocyte migration by targeting the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. Also mentioned are the causes of vision loss based on the study like ruptured globe, optic neuritis, and ischemic optic neuropathy.

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has updated its guideline for management of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It offers fresh recommendations for diagnosis, support, care coordination and symptom management, in line with advances. MS specialist nurse Nicola Daykin says: 'There are now 18 treatments. When I started in 2008, there were three. There's more choice for patients and clinical professionals so the guidelines need to reflect that.' [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms experienced by people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and has a significant effect on all aspects of daily living and on quality of life. It is important for healthcare professionals working with patients with MS to identify fatigue where present and to be able to offer clinically effective treatment options. This article explores assessment and measurement of fatigue, evidence-based pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for managing fatigue and the role of MS specialist nurses and therapists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the complex neurological condition multiple sclerosis (MS) and its management. It outlines the pathophysiology and symptoms, the importance of timely access to specialist services for treatment of symptoms, and relapse and disease management. New and emerging therapies for the management of MS, the role of the multidisciplinary team, the importance of holistic assessment and the role of the MS specialist nurse are discussed. Self-management of MS is integral to managing this life-limiting long-term condition. While there is no cure for MS, new and oral disease-modifying therapies providing better efficacy in stabilising the disease have recently been introduced, reducing relapse frequency and disease activity, and delaying the progression of disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the differences between neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Topics discussed include difference between MS and NMO with optic neuritis (ON), gastrointestinal symptoms that may help in differential diagnosis of NMO, and medications that have received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating NMO.

The article presents information on the multiple sclerosis (MS) awareness week from April 24-30, 2017 in Great Britain which marks the 25th anniversary of the MS specialist nurse role. Topics discussed include responsibilities of the specialist nurses, the issue of nurse shortage and changes in the MS team.

Reforms to the NHS following the passing of the Health and Social Care Act 2012 have created new purchaser organisations with responsibility for planning the configuration of healthcare services in their geographic areas. If a community multiple sclerosis (MS) nursing service is to survive in this environment, it must demonstrate its ability to contribute to achieving the purchaser organisations' objectives. Evaluation data, such as hospital admission avoidance and patient satisfaction, will be crucial in demonstrating the community MS nursing service's clinical and economic effectiveness. A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis of the issues facing a community MS service in this environment is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reviews the Gilenya fingolimod 0.5 milligram (mg) immunosuppressant agent for treating uveitis and multiple sclerosis (MS) from Novartis.

The article offers information on multiple sclerosis (MS) and its ocular effects. It states that MS is an autoimmune disorder that manifests ocular function leading to various neuro-ophthalmologic disorders including internuclear ophthalmoplegia, cranial nerve palsies, and optic neuritis. Moreover, it mentions the significance of self-awareness in determining ocular manifestations.

The article discusses the effects of common neuropsychiatric conditions like schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Parkinson's disease (PD) on cognitive function. It cites the cognitive malfunctions seen in schizophrenia, including verbal learning, psychomotor speed and memory. The works of Jean-Martin Charcot and Friedrich Henry in Parkinson's disease are also cited.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that often has a disabling effect, resulting in reduced quality of life for patients. Bladder dysfunction is a common and distressing symptom. Nurses can have a key role in the management of this symptom by promoting an integrated approach to care, thereby improving bladder control and reducing patient anxiety. This article explores the core elements of a specialist continence assessment in this patient group, and provides a critical overview of treatments used for managing bladder problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the three inflammatory autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Sjögren's syndrome that affect ocular and systemic health. It states that RA causes scleritis, uveitis, and episleritis. It mentions that due to inadequate tear production, MS patients may have severe ocular surface disease. It says that clinical signs of Sjögren's syndrome are arthritis, xerostomia, and xerophthalmia.

The article informs about the multiple sclerosis (MS) disease, its symptoms and how it affects the human eye. The U.S. National Multiple Sclerosis Society has classified four major types of MS including Relapsing Remitting multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) and Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS). It discusses the impact of MS on the human eye and mentions that optic neuritis (ON) is the initial symptom. Visual acuity loss and abnormal colour vision are some of the other symptoms.

The article focuses on optic neuritis (ON), an inflammation of the optic nerve that can cause vision loss. It highlights the causes of ON including multiple sclerosis (MS), infiltrative/inflammatory disease and ischemic vascular disease. It shows the importance of identifying patients with ON who are at risk of developing clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) to give them appropriate treatment. It reveals the significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of ON.

This article provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). The symptoms experienced, including their management and treatment by members of the multidisciplinary team, are discussed, with a particular focus on the role of the nurse. Promoting and/or enabling self-management is an integral part of the nurse's role. Although there is no cure for MS, good management can enable all people affected by the condition to come to terms with their diagnosis and have a positive outlook for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the signs and symptoms, pathophysiology, and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of immunologic inflammation that initiates demyelination. Symptoms associated with MS include weakness in one or more limbs, parasthesias, optic neuritis, diplopia and vertigo.

The article presents several Oculosystemic diseases including Myasthenia Gravis, Multiple Sclerosis, and Thyroid Ophthalmopathy. Myasthenia Gravis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction leading to varying degrees of weakness and fatigability in the skeletal muscles. Multiple Sclerosis causes immunologic inflamation that initiates demyelination. Thyroid Ophthalmopathy is a bilateral, non-pulsatile proptosis secondary to tendon sparing extraocular muscle enlargement.

The article focuses on multiple sclerosis (MS) and the effectiveness of various treatment options in addressing it. It discusses MS and the differences among MS patients' symptoms and treatments that explain why some available drugs failed to treat said disease. It also examines several options for treating the disease including the use of Avonex injections, the injection of synthetic peptide Copaxone, and the latest treatment from Biogen Idec Inc. called Tysabri.

The article discusses about the Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve that often occurs in association with multiple sclerosis (MS) and the use of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly sensitive for and specific in the assessment of inflammatory changes in the optic nerves. The article also mentions some drugs including interferon beta-1b, interferon beta-1a, and glatiramer acetate for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

The article presents various developments in the diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis (MS). It includes the relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), which is characterized by clinical flare-ups, optic neuritis, and optical coherence tomography. It also discusses the diagnostic work-up for MS such as analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The article presents four case studies which demonstrate the importance of communication to search an effective solution for low vision disease. The cases involve a 65-year-old white male with type 2 diabetes, a 55-year-old white male with retinopathy of prematurity, a 92-year-old white female with a presumptive diagnosis of bilateral macular degeneration and a 62-year-old white male with multiple sclerosis. Discussion of each disease history is offered.

The article discusses autoimmune diseases. These are a varied group of chronic, often serious illnesses that involve nearly every organ system of the body. All these diseases share a common etiology: an immune response generated by the body against its own healthy tissues or cells. Many autoimmune diseases affect the eye and its associated structures. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS may occur at any age, but is most often diagnosed between ages 20 and 40. It is the leading cause of disability in young adults.

Aim To explore the reasons given by a disability, assessment and rehabilitation team (DART) for perceived difficulties in discussing sexual problems with male patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to compare them with the views of a sample of patients. Method Data were gathered from a multidisciplinary team who were responsible for assessment and rehabilitation of patients with MS, using a focus group and semi-structured interviews with 11 male patients. Data were analysed thematically, with reference to An non's (1976) model of communication. Findings Patients felt a need to discuss problems with sexual dysfunction, and would welcome the introduction of the topic in a straightforward way. Health professionals were worried about intrusiveness and lack of information and training. Team members and the patients indicated that nurses are the best people to deal with these issues. Conclusion Rehabilitation teams need training to deal with patients' sexual problems, and the nurse is likely to be identified as the specialist in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on new pharmaceuticals for treatment of ocular diseases. Vasospasm may contribute to ocular ischemia and subsequent visual loss in patients with normal tension glaucoma. For these patients, calcium channel blockers could be a potential therapy. Numerous clinical studies are under way to find neuroprotective agents that might protect the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma. Many of these agents are the result of work done on other central nervous system diseases such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. INSET: RNA Drugs May 'Silence' Viruses and Eye Disease.

The article presents questions and multiple choice answers related to various medical conditions, covered in the module of Update Plus, an officially approved distance learning programme. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease whereby the central nervous system becomes inflamed and destroyed by the person's own immune system. Question on main patterns of MS is given. Multiple choice answers on the recognised drug causes of gynaecomastia are given. In MS, bladder dysfunction causes distress and disruption to patients' lives and its effects may be confounded by poor mobility. Answers are invited on the main symptoms and treatment options of this condition.

Reports on the diagnosis and treatment of optic neuritis. Association of the condition with the debilitating neurological disease multiple sclerosis; Efficacy of prednisone in preventing the worsening of the condition; Importance of magnetic resonance imaging in assessing the extent of the disease.

Investigates the link between optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. Inflammatory process of the optic nerve; Use of intravenous corticosteroids for visual recovery of patients with optic neuritis; Association of the eye disease with demyelinating disorders. INSETS: Demyelinating Disorders Associated with Optic Neuritis;Optic Neuritis: Clinical Presentation.

The article discusses the neuro-ophthalmologic symptoms, diagnosis, classification, and management of multiple sclerosis (MS). The neuro-ophthalmic symptoms in MS include oscillopsia and diplopia, while its clinical types are relapsing/remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS) and progressive relapsing MS (PRMS). It also suggests that optometrist should understand the ocular and neurologic consequences of MS to ensure accurate diagnosis and management.

The article presents an overview of the significant roles of pharmacists in helping people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the U.S. It notes that MS is a chronic, unpredictable and immune-related inflammatory disease that attacks myelinated axons of the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, pharmacists should keep abreast with the developments in the management and treatment to assist patients with informed decision making regarding possible treatment options.

The article presents several questions and answers related to neurology including one on how to identify patients with multiple sclerosis which can benefit from beta-interferon therapy, one on evidence-based treatments for prevention and treatment of migraine, another on a management strategy for patients with medication-induced chronic daily headache.

Charities have been putting together evidence about the value and cost-effectiveness of nurse specialists in an attempt to protect these important posts from being cut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers news briefs on research activities related to health and medical care in Great Britain. Multiple sclerosis patients can administer intravenous steroids for relapses safely. According to Dutch researchers, the patients with shoulder pain will be classified into four groups based on simple rule that distinguishes between problems of the shoulder and the neck. Another study pertains to antihypertensive drugs.

The article provides information about pars planitis, an idiopathic posterior/intermediate uveitis associated with Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis. The disease affects younger patients between five and 40 years. Information on its causes, clinical features, treatment, and some clinical pearls of the disease are offered.

This article reports that the optic neuritis (ON) is a very broadly used term and is defined as acute inflammation of the optic nerve. Although numerous etiologies include infection for example, syphilis, mumps, measles, infiltrative/ inflammatory disease and ischemic vascular disease, the most common etiology is the demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (Ms). While ON acknowledged that ON is commonly used to connotate an acute unilateral optic neuropathy from any etiology, researchers will limit their discussion to demyelinating neuropathy associated with multiple sclerosis. ON is often the initial presentation of MS.

The article reviews some of the common symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the treatments available. MS remains one of the most perplexing conditions one encounters. In MS, the central nervous system becomes inflamed and destroyed by the patient's own immune system, a process called demyelination, which usually starts in early adult life. Fatigue symptoms vary within individual MS patients and may be associated with depression, or caused by disturbed sleep, chronic pain or poor nutrition. Studies suggest that 13-80% of patients with MS suffer from significant pain, and that this may be their most severe symptom. The beta-interferons have now been available for almost a decade, and along with glatiramer acetate have been shown conclusively to have been of benefit in MS.

Explains the symptoms and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Discussion on MS; Preferred method of neuroimaging in MS; Advantages of physiotherapy and occupational therapy to MS patients; Role of the optometrist in helping the MS patient.

The article discusses the author's conversation with multiple sclerosis (MS) specialist nurse Liam Rice about the nurse-led service for MS patients that he set up with consultant urologist Sheilagh Reid at Sheffield's Royal Hallamshire Hospital in England in 2014. Topics mentioned include the health problems faced by MS patients including overactive bladder and recurrent infections, and Rice's career fulfillment from the service.

The article presents several studies related to optometry including one showing that arteriolar and venular blood flow velocities may be reduced in eyes of multiple sclerosis patients and another showing that Type 2 diabetes patients were more likely to present with dry eye disease (DED).

The article presents a profile of American author and poet Lucia Perillo. Topics discussed include Perillo's struggle with multiple sclerosis, her release of the book "Time Will Clean the Carcass Bones" which is a collection of poems and her experiences writing fiction. Also mentioned are her winning of the Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award for her short story collection "Happiness Is a Chemical in the Brain" and her first career in wildlife management.

The article offers information on the management of multiple sclerosis (MS). Topics include the goals of MS therapy including shortening the duration and frequency of acute exacerbations and relapses, management of acute exacerbations, and selecting a particular medication from among the various U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved disease-modifying drugs.

As a newly appointed clinical nurse specialist in multiple sclerosis (MS), I found this article of particular interest. MS is a highly complex central nervous system disease, usually diagnosed in young adults. For many patients, it results in reduced quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]