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In both cases,the defendant asserted that derivativesovereign immunity barred theplaintiffs' claims and filed pleas to thejurisdiction--a procedural vehicle thatchallenges the court's subject matterjurisdiction. The plaintiffs sued the defendant inboth Travis County and Dallas Countyalleging fraud, among other things,claiming that the instructions led themto believe they won five times theamount in the PRIZE box even if theydid not have tic-tac-toe. NEWS & ANALYSIS THE LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN LITIGATION A divided state supreme court heldthat a government's sovereign immunityfrom suit did not extend to its contractorand, thus, did not insulate thedefendant from fraud claims. [Extracted from the article]

The article provides answers to some frequently asked questions regarding the U.S. government and its employment and describes some of the rewards and challenges of government work. Topics discussed include the 3 branches of the federal government namely the legislative, judicial and executive made up of departments and agencies that are responsible for specific government functions and the diverse federal workforce with 1/3 of federal employees as minorities

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "Fog Nozzle Training: Are We Creating a Hazardous Impression?," by Michael Walker in the October 2010 issue, "Modern Building Materials Are Factors in Atlantic City Fires" in the May issue, and "Professional Qualifications Federal or State Responsibility," by Bobby Halton in the November issue.

The government's debt and liabilities increased by 5.9 per cent in the first five months of the current fiscal year (5MFY22) and 14.4pc during the last 12 months (Nov 2020-Nov 2021), data issued by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) showed. The SBP data showed that the government's debt and liabilities increased to Rs40.973 trillion in November from Rs38.699tr at the end of June 2021 - an increase of Rs2.274tr or 5.87pc. The debts and liabilities of the government increased to Rs40.973tr in Nov 2021 against Rs35.824tr in Nov 2020; an increase of Rs5.149tr or 14.4pc in 12 months. [Extracted from the article]

Introduces the basic vocabulary of public risk management and explains how public entities' exposures differ from those of private sector entities. Scope of the exposure; Public officials' liability; Sources of public officials liability; Actions of eminent domain; Actions of due process; Discrimination in licensing, zoning and ordinances; Risk management techniques.

A conference paper about the outstanding issues related to the "Draft Convention" in the U.S. is presented. It presents a review of the convention as it stood at the time against the original provisions in the Comite Maritime International (CMI) draft. These issues include the freedom of contract, the liability for delay, the door-to-door application of the convention, the argument whether the convention should yield to mandatory national law and its effects.

Announces that a court in Tokyo, Japan, has ordered the Japanese government to pay nearly $150 million in compensation to 134 residents who live near the United States Navy's Atsugu air base because of aircraft noise.

The article offers information on the Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act (JASTA) passed in both houses of Congress that clear the way that a lawsuit accuses Saudi Arabia and its charities of helping al-Qaida. It mentions that the act would elucidate that the tort exception to sovereign immunity requires only that the injury take place in the U.S. It also mentions that JASTA would enable U.S. courts to hold nations liable for acts overseas that help designated terrorists.

The article focuses on Pembrokeshire Machinery Ring (PMR) and livestock business and purchasing agronomy inputs to selling their straw. It mentions machinery rings are still an untapped resource that can help save farmers and act as a low-cost administration hub to help and enable members to share machinery and labour. It also mentions insurance cover contracting work and public liability.

The article reports on ways to lessen the exposure to liability by governmental entities by updating the internal procedures and policies and training of employees for the governmental entity's procedures and policies. Topics mentioned include the proper implementation of labor laws, the importance of employees training in internal procedures and policies, and the regulation for employees.

The author emphasizes the right of veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan to attain priority care. He honors veterans who proudly serve Great Britain and put their lives in danger for the sake of the nation. He is moved by these patriotic actions which often result to physical injuries and mental problems. However, there are places throughout the nation where these veterans get left behind and he suggests the government should manage the situation.

The article reports on the ruling of most Supreme Court justices to the case "Riegel v. Medtronic Inc." during oral arguments in the U.S. on December 4, 2007. Majority of the justices appear to support some measure of federal pre-market approved (PMA) pre-emption over state liability claims. The approval of product design and labeling by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) protects companies from getting sued in state court for patient injury.

The article presents readers' responses to the question of whether the government is doing enough to tackle obesity in children in Great Britain. Sister Lorraine Jeffs cites the government's failure to persuade parents to take responsibility for their children's eating and exercise habits. Clinical nurse Mike Lehane believes that parents are accountable for their children's diets. Facilitator Carol Singleton says that it is time for schools to provide again sport as part of the curriculum.

Reports on Cumpston and Sarjeant director of consultant actuaries Richard Cumpston's release of a report on the gap between public liability premiums and payouts in Australia. Decline of public liability claims; Increase in public liability premiums.

The article discusses the importance of tractor insurance policy in Great Britain. Topics discussed include clearing snow from blocked rural roads, checking tractor insurance policy and farmers' contracts for snow clearance at airports and use of employees on foot to assist with snow, ice and frost clearance by Farmers who have employers' and public liability cover.

Discusses Australia's public liability in the wake of the demolition work that went tragically wrong at the old Royal Canberra Hospital in July 1997. What public liability insurance costs; Information on the extent of public liability claims in Australia, according to insurance company returns supplied by the Insurance and Superannuation Commission; The most common claims under public liability.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to the article related to employers' and public liability claims in Great Britain when there is no record of an incident.

The article reports that Keoghs LLP has opened its third office in Bolton, England for the expansion of its casualty claims team. It states that Keoghs LLP is the insurance specialist of Greater Manchester, England. It mentions that this new office will act as an operational center for handling employers and public liability claims on behalf of insurers, local authorities and businesses.

The article focuses on the Rhode Island Retirement Security Act of 2011 signed by Rhode Island Governor Lincoln Chafee on November 18, 2011 which reduces the state's liability and alters the public pension system. It mentions that the law is expected to reduce the state's unfunded liability of $7 billion by more than $3 billion. Moreover, law will increase the minimum retirement age for employees not eligible to retire.

The article criticizes the regulations and initiatives in the U.S. and Great Britain in protecting offshore financial institutions against the economic recessions in 2009. Financial instability in both nations has become the most common factor that contribute to the failure of businesses and the widespread of social problems. It is highly recommended that the government should establish a specific approach that directly address recessions.

The article forecasts the increase in demand for affordable housing in Australia. There are speculations that affordable housing will experience a remarkable growth. Providing affordable housing is considered an innovative approach of local governments to make residents remain in their municipalities and discourage them from seeking homage in other states. Moreover, it is also part of the government's effort of establishing a sustainable city.

The article reports on the examination of the quality of government response to an economic downturn by asking whether it is timely, temporary and targeted by economists in Australia. It is stated that the response needs to be timely, otherwise, if it comes too late, it increases the recovery rather than defends against downturn. The response also needs to be temporary as one can leave it to the Reserve Bank of Australia to slow or speed up the economy and such responses are expensive.

The author reflects on the significance of health insurance in assuring long-term care in Great Britain. He wonders why people rely on companies offering health insurance instead of the government providing it to the public. He suggests the government should exert more effort in defining its health care programs.

The article reports on the request of the Baroness Knight of Collingtree for the improvement of the mealtime arrangements at the National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in Great Britain. She argues that there are patients who are deprived of their rights to consume the right amount of food, liquids and care that sometimes result to death. She reveals various cases of bad nursing and no feeding situations but she notices the failure of authorities to address the issue.

The author reflects on the impact of problematic weather on the prices of food internationally. He asserts that natural disasters such as floods, storms, and earthquakes are the main cause that food prices continue to increase which put the world in the brink of poverty and hunger. He noticed that this situation also creates uncertainties in the government actions and liabilities on the public affected by their role in providing help for the public.

The author emphasizes the significance of optimism in the middle of food crisis and any issues related to food production in the U.S. He asserts that people living in a place with plenty of food and money should be lucky enough to have all their needs daily unlike other cities and towns where people spend their day trying to acquire money for their survival on that day. He emphasizes not to blame farmers because their are other factors need to be considered including the role of the government.

The article discusses the need for the government to figure out what to do with the electronic waste before heading toward another technological revolution in high-end electronics in the U.S. He said that this kind of effort is needed since it is projected that by February 17, 2009 most electronic marvels like televisions will have to be replaced as the nation moves into high-definition television. He added that there are nine states which do not have rules about recycling electronic wastes associated with the failure of lawmakers to plan for the onslaught of this waste.

The author comments about the uncertainty over which party was liable for the repair of a defective drainage pipe that resulted to an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in Great Britain. He cites that the decision of the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) to allow the land to be leased without clarifying who would be responsible for it is disgraceful. He expresses anticipation that the government would compensate all farmers for their losses due to ministerial incompetence.

Two letters to the editor are presented including the issue regarding the problematic newspaper business in a town in Boston, Massachusetts that affects the balance of the government's responsibly and about the Stan Kalish Picture Editing workshop.

The article reports on the Australian Regulation Prudential Authority's claim that the cost of insurance premiums for public events such as sports carnivals and agricultural shows dropped by 28 percent in the three years to December 2006. According to the author, the drop in public liability premiums is attributed largely to national law reforms, which restrict the ability of people to sue councils for personal injury claims.

The article reports on the prospects of class suit and liability claims from victims of the I-35W bridge failure in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Trial attorneys familiar with construction cases say that expected civil suits would produce significant testimony and evidentiary detail that will help investigators uncover the cause of the bridge failure. The exemption of the Minnesota Dept. of Transportation from tort claims is discussed.

The article profiles James Maxey, Express Solicitors' founding partner. Maxey, who founded the Manchester-based personal injury (PI) firm in 2000, is clear about the firm's strategy. He estimates that around 20 percent comes from traffic-related accidents, 40 percent from employer liability incidents, and the public liability issues. Furthermore, he claims that around 20 percent of the firm's work is brought in recommendations from either existing clients or other solicitors.

Focuses on the issue of corporate governance in the Australian public sector. Factors that should be considered by authorities in issues related to public sector governance; Problems facing the government caused by poor governance; Principles of accountability shared by the public and private sectors.

Reports on the trend of British insurance underwriters becoming reluctant to provide public liability insurance coverage for those offering contract spraying services to farms, as of August 2003. Attributions to the trend; Types of public liability coverage that spray contractors must consider; Features of a public liability coverage.

Reports on the queries raised by several members of the British Parliament on whether the government might be open to claims from pensioners with final salary schemes but insolvent employees.

Focuses on result of the May 30, 2002 meeting of federal, state and territory finance ministers and treasurers to discuss public liability and to solve the rapid increase in the cost of insurance premiums in Australia. Advantage of the result of the meeting to plaintiff lawyers; Expectation of the business community on the result of the meeting; Objective of the Civil Liability Bill to be introduced in the Legislative Council of New South Wales.

Focuses on the scheme of the U.S government to address the rising premiums for public liability insurance. Rate of the increase based on the findings of JP Morgan; Proposals of Joe Hockey, Minister of federal Small Business; Correlation between the number of charges and the increase in premiums.

Reports the effort of the British government to keep Huntingdon Life Sciences in business. Recognition of Bank of England as the banker of the company; Amendment of the corporate law; Development of strategies to tackle animal rights extremism.

Reports the failure of the government to produce a list of qualified engineering products in the Enhanced Capital Allowance (ECA) scheme proposal in Great Britain. Implication for a delay in the issuance of qualifying products to businesses; Discussion on the denial of the government about the issue; Impact on corporate investments.