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The article discusses a process that uses photovoltaic or perovskite materials to produce highly efficient solar cells. It references the study "Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells Via Vapor-Assisted Solution Process," led by engineering professor Yang Yang and published in "The Journal of The American Chemical Society." The researchers created perovskite crystals composed of methyl ammonium halide lead halide resulting in a cost-effective solar-cell production process.

Acidic mobile phase solutions consisting of 0.05% for-mic acid and 10 mM ammonium formate in methanol and water were developed for analysis of vitamin D us-ing LC/MS. Proper retention/elution of 25-OH vitamin D2 through reverse phase columns and trace level MS detection was achieved with these solutions due to their optimal ionic strength, low pH, and interference-free baseline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the research on the effectiveness of XSelect Columns and Focused Gradients in isolating and purifying ranitidine in the U.S. The research shows that ranitidine has better retention under high percentage of Hydrogen (pH) mobile phase conditions using ammonium hydroxide. Moreover, the method can directly transfer chromatographic separations between the analytical and preparative column dimensions.

The article focuses on China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation (CPCIF) and its "Report on Resolution of Excess Capacity." It mentions that the report analyzes the development status of chemical industries and the reasons for excess capacity in eight industries including refining, nitrogen fertilizers, and ammonium phosphate. It also discusses the four characteristics of the excess capacity in photochemical industry.

The article discusses a study, related to preparation of silicon analog of a tetraalkyl ammonium cation, conducted by researcher Axel Schulz and coworkers of the University of Rostock in Germany, and published in the periodcial "Organometallics" in 2014.

The article discusses the prevention of struvite deposition in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). It explores the anaerobic digestion (AD) approach under which magnesium, ammonium and phosphate are transferred from the solid phase to the liquid phase. Struvite deposit prevention strategies include minimization of carbon dioxide release, control of struvite precipitation and addition of low molecular weight anionic polymers. The Kemira KemGuard 5872 scale control agent is featured.

The article focuses on a study by Muhammet Uyanik and Kazuaki Ishihara of Nagoya University which developed an environmentally friendly catalyst to build 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran motifs through asymmetric oxidative cyclization of ketophenols. Iodine was used by the research team to sidestep the toxic heavy metals needed to build these motifs. The team has also performed cycloetherification using various aromatically substituted ammonium molecules. Green chemist Wei Zhang notes that this reaction is green due to its atom economy.

The article offers information about projects of Sichuan Golden Elephant Chemical Co. Ltd. (Golden Elephant), Meishan, Sichuan Sheng in China. In October 2008, Golden Elephant completed a synthetic ammonium project and in January 2009, the company set in operation its urea project. Some of other projects under the company include nitric acid, formaldehyde and liquefied carbon dioxide.

The article reports that biogeochemists discovered that the limiting nutrient called molybdenum dictates the bacterial nitrogen fixation rate in tropical soils. It states that the discovery of molybdenum is important for the development of global biogeochemical cycles study because it restricts plant growth and carbon dioxide uptake by plants. It also notes that nitrogen fixation biologically converts nitrogen from air into ammonium that is used by plants as a fertilizer.

The article offers information on the development programs of Jiangsu Huachang Chemical Co. Ltd. in Jiangsu Province, China. The company has acquired 150 hectares of land at the Yangzijiang International Chemical Industry Park, where the company's chemical plant was constructed. The plant is composed of soda ash, ammonium chloride, and refined methanol units.

The article reports on the plan of ChemChina company to construct 200,000 t/a ammonium phosphate project in China. It cites that Lianyungang Design Institute will prepare the feasibility study report of the proposed project of the company. Moreover, it is noted that the company will produce 50,000 tons of polystyrene within 60 under the requirements of the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council for the temporary houses in the quake-hit areas.

The article reports on the operating revenue of RMB1.302 billion that Hubei Shuanghuan Science & Technology Stock Co. Ltd. had accomplished in China. It states that the company plans to produce and sell 640,000 tons of soda ash and 650,000 tons of ammonium chloride and get a sales revenue of RMB1.5 billion in 2008. According to Shuanghuan, fiercer competition of the price of soda ash and the price rise of raw material will have a great pressure on production and operation of Shuanghuan.

The article presents information on the market for ammonium phosphates. The global $6.5-billion ammonium phosphate market is expected to grow at roughly 2.9 percent per year by 2010. Fertilizers are the main application for ammonium phosphates, but they also have more minor uses in animal feed as well as fire-control and flame-retardant products. Ammonium phosphate prices and margins are expected to remain high, due to the tight supply-demand balance, analysts say.

The article reports that Wuxi Yiduo Investment Development Group Co. Ltd. has launched a soda ash-ammonium chloride project with a total investment of 1.1 million Renminbi (RMB). Accordingly, the capacity of the project will reach 500,000 tons per annum by which the main project is soda ash and the byproduct is ammonium chloride. In addition, the project includes rock salt that will be used as raw material for the production and ammonia production unit.

Provides information on the status of diammonium phosphate market. Details on industry consolidation in the United States; Positive effect of consolidation on the DAP market; Domestic prices of DAP in the United States; Total global DAP trade in 1997.