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Background: TSLC1 is a tumor suppressor protein its inactivation destroy the intracellular adhesion and connection between the membrane and cytoskeleton tend to malignant phenotype and metastasis. In this study, the expression of TSLC1 was examined in normal and cancerous ovarian cancer specimens. Methods: 60 samples of ovarian cancer and 60 adjacent normal tissues from the same tumor samples were studied. TSLC1 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry method. Percentage of cells stained from each tissue sections was checked with light microscope and Motic Advanced Plus 2 software. Findings: The presence of brown cytoplasmic membrane, with or without brown membrane, was considered positive for TSLC1 expression. Protein expression in tumor tissue was significantly reduced compared to adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). The reduction of protein expression was associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.028) and more advanced tumor stages (P = 0.032). Conclusion: According to the reduced expression of TSLC1 protein in tumor compared to normal samples in this study, expression of TSLC1 protein may be related to ovarian cancer pathogenesis. On the other hand, reduced expression of TSLC1 protein can cause ovarian carcinoma to become aggressive. So, this protein can be used as a diagnostic molecular marker for patients with ovarian carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]