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Copyright of Historische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studies in Oral Folk Literature / Estudis de Literatura Oral Popular is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Minawi has done a fine job of reconstructing the Ottoman Empire's efforts to keep their remaining African and Hijazi lands. Minawi points out that the Ottoman Empire was included among the nations of Europe that met at the Berlin Conference of 1884-85 to discuss the procedures for the orderly division of Africa among the great powers. After the abortive Napoleonic attempt to conquer Egypt during 1798-1801, the Khedive Mohammed Ali took control of the country and almost managed to conquer the Ottoman Empire for Egypt. [Extracted from the article]

Sahara Ahmed, Woods, Mines and Minds: Politics of Survival in Jalpaiguri and the Jungle Mahals, 1860–1970. Delhi: Primus Books, 2019, 300 pp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbone and Pellegata also posit an empirically justifiable and elegant new typology for African leaders. Through the course of this highly readable book, Carbone and Pellegata present an engaging account of the shifting dynamics of political leadership in Africa. However, Carbone and Pellegata clearly limit the scope of the dataset by assuming a leader to be the holder of a country's top decision-making position. [Extracted from the article]

The empirical discoveries about the importance of leadership and the ways in which leadership trends have shifted since 1990 in sub-Saharan Africa are convincing. Utilizing an original data set about leadership change, I Political Leadership in Africa i addresses these questions through an extensive array of statistical analyses and case anecdotes from situations around sub-Saharan Africa. [Extracted from the article]

Utilizing an original data set about leadership change, I Political Leadership in Africa i addresses these questions through an extensive array of statistical analyses and case anecdotes from situations around sub-Saharan Africa. The empirical discoveries about the importance of leadership and the ways in which leadership trends have shifted since 1990 in sub-Saharan Africa are convincing. [Extracted from the article]

The article reviews the book "In Search of the Sahara," by Quentin Crewe.

ABSTRACT Among most historians of Africa, and others in the humanities concerned with Africa, it has been almost axiomatic that writing and reading arrived in Africa and spread with the coming of European colonialism, especially through the agency of Christian missionaries. Although missionaries did indeed establish schools and introduce various kinds of literacy, there is a much longer history of the book in various parts of the continent. This essay looks at some of the recent work that focuses on the use of the Arabic script in Africa. Although the field of 'Islam in Africa' has framed this work, it is necessary to see the uses of this literacy within the frame of the history of the book and related fields. The works discussed are rich in content and analysis and provide the opening for new initiatives on the content of the literacy and the methods of teaching and reading, but also the materiality of the book and the formation of the archive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Part I, "Starting Points", is divided into three chapters (2-4); Part II, "Temple of Nigeria's Human Rights ..." is divided into six chapters (5-10); and Part III is divided into two chapters (11-12). Professor Udogu provides varied West African economic scenarios in I Examining Human Rights Issues And Democracy Project In Sub-Sahara Africa: A Theoretical Critique And Prospects for Progress In The Millennium i . Millennium, written by E. Ike Udogu. [Extracted from the article]

The article reviews the book "Trans-Saharan Africa in World History," by Ralph A. Austen.

The article presents a review of the book "On Trans-Saharan Trails: Islamic Law, Trade Networks, and Cross-Cultural Exchange in Nineteenth-Century Western Africa," by Ghislaine Lydon.

Reviews the book "The Sword and the Cross," by Fergus Fleming.

The article reviews the book "Trans-Saharan Africa in World History," by Ralph A. Austen.

A review of the book "A History of Race in Muslim West Africa, 1600-1960," which is part of the African Studies series, by Bruce Hall is presented.

The article reviews the book "The Emergence of Libya: Selected Historical Essays," by John Wright.

The article presents a review of the book "On Trans-Saharan Trails: Islamic Law, Trade Networks and Cross-Cultural Exchange in Nineteenth-Century Western African," by Ghislaine Lydon.

The article reviews the book "Les relations transsahariennes à l'époque contemporaine. Un espace en constante mutation," edited by Laurence Marfaing and Steffen Wippel.

Reviews the book "Sahara," by Michael Palin.

Reviews the book 'Sahara,' by Michael Palin.

Reviews the book 'Sahara: The Life of the Great Desert,' by Marq de Villiers and Sheila Hirtle.

Reviews the book 'Sahara: A Natural History,' by Marq de Villiers and Sheila Hirtle.

Reviews the book 'The Day of Creation,' by J.G. Ballard.