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Purpose: Several high-income countries install Cash-for-Care Schemes (CCSs) by granting budgets to care users. However, little quantitative evidence exist on empowerment and client-centered care levels, due to a lack of validated scales. This research aimed to validate the Psychological Empowerment Scale (PE scale) and Client-Centered Care Questionnaire (CCCQ) in budget holders with disabilities. Methods: A survey was developed based on a literature review and experts and budget holders input. Principal Axis Factoring with direct oblimin rotation, Cronbach's Alpha, and hypotheses testing with socio-demographic and budget characteristics as independent variables, and PE scale and CCCQ as dependent, were undertaken to assess both scales' internal consistency and validity. Results: A convenience sample of 224 Flemish (proxy) budget holders completed the survey. Our analysis showed a two-factor solution for both scales; for the PE scale consisting of "meaning" and "competence," and "self-determination" and "impact," for CCCQ consisting of items 1–7 (conduct by caregiver) and items 8–15 (autonomy). Cronbach's Alpha of both scales was 0.94. The majority of our hypotheses were confirmed. Conclusions: The findings show that both scales are valid and internally consistent, meaning that they can be further tested in a respondent sample of people with disabilities and in other care contexts. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: In light of the current trends in the (health)care sector to stimulate empowerment and client-centered care in care users, the monitoring of this experience is important. The Psychological Empowerment Scale (PE scale) measures empowerment by means of four cognitions (meaning, competence, impact, and self-determination), while the Client-Centered Care Questionnaire (CCCQ) measures the level of client-centered care. The PE scale and CCCQ are valid and internally consistent in our sample of (proxy) budget holders with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Introduction: The purpose of this program evaluation was to investigate the efficacy of simulation-based primary care procedural skills training to increase participant confidence, knowledge, and skill in performing the procedures included in the training and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the training. Methods: A retrospective, within-subjects analysis of the change in perceived confidence, skill, and knowledge in procedure performance after the simulation-based primary care procedural skills training program measured by pretraining and post-training Likert scale surveys and change in clinical procedure performance frequency for abscess incision and drainage and laceration repair up to 6 months before and 6 months after the training in the outpatient setting was performed. Results: Participants self-reported higher median confidence, perceived skill, and perceived knowledge of all procedures included in the training course, with statistically significant increases for all procedures. A mean increase in laceration repairs in the clinical setting of 10% after training was found. Higher median performance of abscess incision and drainage after training (median = 20.00%, n = 25) compared with before training (median = 0.00%, n = 25) and a mean increase in performance of abscess incision and drainage in the clinical setting of 6% after training was found, but increases were not statistically significant. Discussion: Participation in a 2-day simulation-based primary care procedural skills training program was an effective method to increase confidence, perceived skill, and knowledge of outpatient procedures among practicing providers. Further evaluation to establish return on investment is needed, because statistically significant increases in clinical procedure performance were unable to be demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the design and implementation of "What Matters Most, Mobility, Mentation and Medication" (4Ms) curriculum, included in the Introduction to the Profession (iPro) course at Yale School of Medicine, which teaches first-year medical students a framework for having their first interview with older patient.

The biplot presents voters and parties and permits interpretation of the axes as the left-right ideology and viability directions. Such data are the best available measures of voters' expected utility from political alternatives, capturing the considerations that voters use to make political choices: policy positions, party labels, valence or personal affect, etc. The book belongs to the I Statistics in the Social and Behavioral Sciences Series i , and it is devoted to problems of political sciences, spatial voting theory, measurement of political parties' positions on multiple issues, methodologies for comparative politics in aspects of ideology, psychology, and sociology. Over 160 experts placed all three vignette parties and between 8 and 17 experts placed each of the actual parties. [Extracted from the article]

A description of two training packages "Navigating for Success (NFS)" and the "Taking the Helm (TTH)" created for staff in the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) is presented.

The article offers a description of the Graduate Certificate course developed to provide nurses with advanced skills in gastroenterology and support the important role of nurse endoscopists in Australia.

Reviews the book "A Theory and Procedure of Scale Analysis," by R. J. Mokken.