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Observation, on the other hand, covers both what most documentary filmmakers (aside from a relatively small circle of visual anthropologists) understand as the observational mode that was described by Bill Nichols in I Representing Reality i - roughly corresponding to what could be called fly-on-the-wall films - and the unassuming, participant filmmaking confusingly named Observational Cinema. Three chapters are dedicated respectively to Jean Rouch, Robert Gardner, and Colin Young, and they are possibly the best in the whole book, thanks to Henley's deep understanding of these three figures. Beyond Observation: Henley, Paul: Beyond Observation: A History of Authorship in Ethnographic Film. [Extracted from the article]

A review of the book "Naked Screenwriting: Twenty-two Oscar-Winning Screenwriters Bare Their Secrets to Writing," by Lew Hunter and Meg Gifford, is presented.

A professional screenwriting instructor shepherds would-be scribes around common hazards of his chosen field in this debut writing guide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For example, how can screenwriters make sure that viewers connect with the main character (Chapter 2) and don't lose interest along the way (Chapter 6)? Here, the authors tackle the concept of the audience's connection with the main character, which might be particularly difficult if screenwriters have opted for a less traditional "nonhero" (someone we wouldn't typically admire and who lacks many positive qualities). Along with mentions in virtually every chapter, the authors chose to spend all of Chapter 10 (16% of the book!) taking us through a literal "blow by blow" account of the first film, framed as an illustration of many of the concepts discussed throughout the earlier chapters. [Extracted from the article]

The article reviews the book "Adventures in the Screen Trade: A Personal View of Hollywood and Screenwriting," by William Goldman.

A review of the book "Bradbury Beyond Apollo," by Jonathan R. Eller, is presented.

A review of the book "Any Day With You," by Mae Respicio, is presented.

Reviews the book "Film and Authorship," edited by Virginia Wright Wexman.

Discusses how social politics and ideology infiltrate genres and influence authorship practices in hippie horror films of the late 1960s and early 1970s. Definition of horror film according to the essay "An Introduction to the American Horror Film," by Robin Wood; Similarity of the social role of the horror film to the Freudian understanding of dreams; Views of director Wes Craven on horror films that are centered around the conceit of mirrored families.

Discusses ways in which new media technologies foster collective authorship at many levels. Information on the impasse of auteur/author theory; Overview of the politics of collective authorship; Role of technological creative push in the history of cinema.

Discusses distinct ways motion picture distributors mobilized the authorship of director David Mamet and use it in contemporary U.S. cinema marketing. Information on the proposed relationship between the auteur as a marketing strategy for the promotion of a film and as an extratextual discursive construct; Overview of ways in which U.S. cinema film distribution companies have employed the name Mamet; Efforts of Orion Pictures to release the motion picture "House of Games," directed by Mamet.

Discusses the discourses surrounding Orson Welles as writer, actor and director of the film "Touch of Evil." Information on the efforts of Welles to direct the motion picture; Description of classical masculinity through a critique of the Freudian model of gender identification according to author Jessica Benjamin; Use of the presence of Welles in the motion picture to construct a masterful authorial subjectivity.

Discusses how Warner Bros. cultivated a corporate sense of authorship. Views of Alfred D. Chandler, author of the book "The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business," on the functionalism in business enterprises; Influence of the functionalist account of the evolution of corporate form on accounts of the emergence and evolution of the classical Hollywood cinema; Information on the moderated actual intentionalism theory of author Noel Carroll.

The article reviews the book "Screenwriting for a Global Market," by Andrew Horion.

Focuses on English film director Christopher Nolan. Suggestion that his career is riding on "Batman Begins," starring Welsh actor Christian Bale; Nolan's vision of Batman; Digital effects; Comments of Nolan and Bale; Casting for the film; Role of co-writer David Goyer in crafting the script; The set for Gotham City; Nolan's reinvention of the Batmobile.

Presents the author's experience related to the motion picture and theater industry in France. Brief information about major art museums in Lyon, France; Greek plays staged by entertainment company Ariane Mnouchkine in Lyon; Importance of villas and grounds in chronicle of early French films; Factors that alters a script when it is transformed into a motion picture; Opinion expressed by the author that most of the screen plays of the world are dreadful.

Focuses on the statement made by Columbia Pictures Entertainment Inc. head David Puttnam on British screenwriting. Views of Puttnam on Peter Handke's screenplay for the motion picture Wings of Desire; Differences in screen writing during the postwar years; Impact of ad hoc collaboration on writers; Information on several motion pictures. INSET: FILMS WORTH SEEING, Stanley Kauffmann..

A review of the book "Naked Screenwriting: Twenty-two Oscar-Winning Screenwriters Bare Their Secrets to Writing," by Lew Hunter and Meg Gifford, is presented.

The article reviews the book "Riding the Alligator: Strategies for a Career in Screenplay Writing (And Not Getting Eaten)" by Pen Densham.

The article reviews the book "The Inner Game of Screenwriting: 20 Winning Story Forms" by Sandy Frank.

The article reviews the book "Scripting Hitchcock: 'Psycho,' 'The Birds' and 'Marnie'" by Walter Raubicheck and Walter Srebnick.

A review is presented of the DVD-video disc release "Step by Step Screenwriting With Irv Bauer."

The article reviews the book "The Adventure of the Real: Jean Rouch and the Craft of Ethnographic Cinema," by Paul Henley.