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Urban Evapotranspiration (ET) plays a crucial role in controlling irrigation water demand. The estimation of urban ET is difficult because of high spatial variability of urban surfaces. This paper reviews the two most commonly used approaches pertaining to advancements, limitations, and opportunities in arid regions. The two approaches include the landscape coefficient and surface energy balance approach. The key advancements include the standardization of the basic models and consideration of the spatial variability of the atmospheric advection effects. Two key limitations have been highlighted including oversimplification of microclimate effects in the models and lack of precise estimation of water requirement for mixed landscapes. Furthermore, several opportunities to address the existing limitations are discussed including the coupling numerical models, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-based technologies for ET estimates, detection of mixed landscapes using various vegetation indices, and quantification of the atmospheric effects. This study highlights different dimensions and modeling techniques to estimate urban ET. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]