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Much is speculative - as Karskens explains, there is too little evidence to be otherwise - but where other authors have retreated because of the fear that they would be seen to be speaking I for i Aboriginal people, Karskens has taken up the challenge. People of the River: Lost Worlds of Early Australia: By Grace Karskens. Karskens refuses to accept the assumption so widely made that Indigenous and settler cultures were incompatible and so displacement of Indigenous life was rapid and complete. [Extracted from the article]

The article reviews the book "The Paper War: Morality, Print Culture and Power in Colonial New South Wales," by Anna Johnston.

Dino Hodge recently produced an interesting study of how Dunstan's personal beliefs and sexuality influenced his political life, but it was much more limited in scope than Woollacott's contribution. (xii-xiii) Dunstan's biographer, Angela Woollacott, set herself the task of rekindling the brightness of the light, and she succeeds admirably in this comprehensive biography of one of South Australia's - and the Australian Labor Party's - most progressive figures. Don Dunstan: The Visionary Politician Who Changed Australia: By Angela Woollacott. [Extracted from the article]

Honouring a Nation: A History of Australia's Honours System: By Karen Fox. For this reader, the most interesting and insightful chapters were six, where Fox outlines the Whitlam government's campaign for an Australian honours system, and seven, which explores the fierce debates over the nature of the system from 1975 to 1990. Fox is more nuanced in her reading of the saga and places it in the longer context of Australia's messy use of honours to find an identity in a post-imperial world. [Extracted from the article]

I Shooting the Picture i is an outcome of an Australian Research Council-funded Linkage research project conducted by the Walkley Foundation, the National Library of Australia and a group of scholars led by Fay Anderson and Sally Young. In addition to further visual analysis of images, the understanding of the unique communication power of press photography would be further enhanced by a more detailed exploration of the manner in which images sit on the printed page. Shooting the Picture: Press Photography in Australia: By Fay Anderson and Sally Young with Nikki Henningham. [Extracted from the article]

As Fitzpatrick notes, most of the Russians who came to Australia after the war did so "accidentally" (151). In this book, her first book-length foray into Australian migration history, Fitzpatrick unravels the mystery of why migrants to Australia had to become adept at masking their identities, not only from Australians but from each other. White Russians, Red Peril: A Cold War History of Migration to Australia: By Sheila Fitzpatrick. [Extracted from the article]

While social histories of the war have hardly failed to note the significance of state power, Catherine Bond's study of the use of Australian law as an instrument in this process offers a precise means of studying the subject. Readers' responses to this moral intent may vary but many cases are certainly an apt reminder of the power wielded by law and the legal system. Buttressing the sense that the dynamics under review resonate beyond the war, the concluding chapter considers some of the war's legal legacies in Australian statutes, politics and lives. [Extracted from the article]

Fire management influences the global carbon balance. This systematic literature review of proactive fire management programs as nature-based climate solutions synthesizes findings into four case studies to bring insight to these programs and their additional benefits. We review 136 papers, mostly from Australia, Brazil, Southern Africa, and the USA, reflecting the relevance of proactive fire management to savanna ecosystems. Four themes emerged: governance and policies; methodologies; reduced wildfire and GHG emissions; and co-benefits. Australia provides most literature on methodologies to account for greenhouse gas emissions abated. Australia and the USA focus on the social co-benefits, typically among Indigenous peoples. Biodiversity outcomes are largely discussed in Brazilian and African studies. Evidence of a shift to proactive fire management is documented in the case studies analyzed, but political, technical, and cultural barriers prevent further implementation at broader scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australian cities have experienced a high number of floods and droughts. In Australia, green infrastructure (GI) is increasingly popular in considering natural processes in sustainable water management practices. However, to date, there has been little examination of how the academic literature has addressed the use of GI in Australian landscape planning for water management. To investigate this, we applied a thematic framework and used the PRISMA approach to identify and analyse 98 peer-reviewed papers to better understand whether and how landscape planning perspectives are considered in current water management approaches in Australia. We found a recent increase in Australian-based literature related to GI for water management. However, there is limited literature discussing the significance of landscape connectivity and the multi-functionality of GI. This article concludes with recommendations for future research on the landscape planning principles of multi-functionality, landscape connectivity, and the integration of multiple scales of GI in Australian urban water management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In March 2020, COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic and at the time of writing, there were more than 13 million known cases and more than 500,000 deaths. Not since the Spanish Flu of 1918 has the world needed to respond to the potential threat of a communicable disease with such a high rate of infection and fatality. Using publicly available data, media sources, and literature, this paper maps Australian corrective services' responses to COVID-19. We find evidence of a concerted effort to reduce prison population numbers, as well as to recalibrate corrections practice in an effort to meet new social-distancing rules and regulations. Our analysis is motivated by the knowledge that prior to COVID-19, Australia had a rising prison population, a disproportionate growth in female and remand populations, and significant Indigenous overrepresentation. In this paper, we explore whether the immediate benefits of COVID-19 have helped or hindered efforts to address these wider concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Rates of return to work (RTW) are declining in the Australian workers compensation system alongside significant economic and social costs, disputes, and secondary psychological injury. Non-medical assessment of workplace injuries now considers psychosocial and workplace factors, and worker participation in the assessment process is limited. This scoping review examines studies regarding non-medical assessment during the acute phase of rehabilitation in terms of costs, disputes, secondary psychological injury, and worker participation. Method: An electronic and manual search of relevant articles across four databases was conducted using PRISMA guidelines, followed by quality assessment. Results: Of the 1,630 studies retrieved, 12 met the inclusion criteria with most focused on assessment for risk of obstructed or delayed RTW. Conclusions: Non-medical assessment in the acute stage of rehabilitation identifies risk for delayed or complicated RTW, overlooking potential for the process of assessment to contribute to disputes and development of secondary psychological injury. Doubt around the capacity of workers to participate objectively in assessment persists. These are aspects of assessment worthy of further exploration for their impact on RTW outcomes. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Early assessment of injured workers is a key aspect of the rehabilitation process and there have been calls for greater injured worker involvement in their rehabilitation. Rehabilitation professionals should consider an injured worker's phase of disability when conducting assessment for support needs. Consideration of psychological vulnerabilities of injured workers should be incorporated into assessment of support needs. Rehabilitation professionals should seek out ways to increase participation of injured workers in assessment of their support needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reviews the book "William Bede Dalley: Silver-Tongued Pride of Old Sydney," by Robert Lehane.

Reviews books on mass media in Australia. Includes `Youth, Crime and the Media,' edited by Judith Bessant and Richard Hill; `The Business of Electronic Publishing,' by John Colette and Meredith Quinn; `The Media in Australia: Industries, Texts, Audiences,' edited by Stuart Cunningham and Graeme Turner.

The article reviews the book "Australia and the World: Prologue and Prospects," edited by Desmond Ball.

The article reviews the book "Australia in Facts and Figures," by Bill Coppell.

A review of the book "Making Histories, Making Memories: The Construction of Australian Sporting Identities," by Rob Hess is presented.

Various associations between different environmental exposures and asthma have been reported in different countries and populations. We aimed to investigate the associations between family, neighborhood and psychosocial environmental factors and asthma-symptoms in Australia by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. We analyzed the primary research studies conducted in Australia across multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus, published between 2000 and 2020. The reviews and analyses focused on the overall association of different environmental exposures with the exacerbation of asthma-symptoms or asthma-related hospital visits. Quality-effect meta-analysis was done to estimate the pooled odds ratio for different environmental exposures for asthma-symptoms. Among the 4799 unique published articles found, 46 were included here for systematic review and 28 for meta-analysis. Our review found that psychosocial factors, including low socioeconomic condition, maternal depression, mental stress, ethnicity, and discrimination, are associated with asthma-symptoms. Pooled analysis was conducted on family and neighborhood environmental factors and revealed that environmental tobacco smoking (ETS) (OR 1·69, 95% CI 1·19–2·38), synthetic bedding (OR 1·91, 95% CI 1·48–2·47) and gas heaters (OR 1·40, 95% CI 1·12–1·76) had significant overall associations with asthma-symptoms in Australia. Although the studies were heterogeneous, both systematic review and meta-analysis found several psychosocial and family environmental exposures significantly associated with asthma-symptoms. Further study to identify their causal relationship and modification may reduce asthma-symptoms in the Australian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reviews the book "Our Schools and the War," by Rosalie Triolo.

Reviews the book 'Pathways to Knowledge in Educational Administration: Methodologies and Research in Progress in Australia,' edited by Reynold J.S. Macpherson and John Weeks.

The article reviews the book "Australia's Unintended Cities: The Impact of Housing on Urban Development" edited by Richard Tomlinson.

The article reviews the book "Australia's Biodiversity and Climate Change" by W. Steffen, A. Burbidge, L. Hughes, R. Kitching, D. Lindenmayer, W. Musgrave, M. Stafford Smith and P.A. Werner.

The Australian Red Meat Processing (RMP) industry is challenged with ever increasing environmental pressures to reduce their environmental footprint. Wastewater is high strength and requires quality treatment to prevent pollution of surface and ground waters; while much of the solid waste produced is organic and is suitable for land-based disposal. Stricter environmental standards and greater community expectations as well as increasing costs for water, energy and waste disposal require the reduction of resource consumption. This represents an opportunity for the RMP industry to adopt innovative technologies to use bioresources produced on site to increase the plants profitability. This article provides a critical review of solid and liquid waste management at RMP plants outlining the current trends in bioenergy, biofertiliser and value-add byproducts production. The review proceeds to place these developments through an illustrative case study of investigations undertaken at one of Australia's largest RMP plants investigating technologies and processes to reuse, recycle, and dispose of organic liquid and solid waste. The three main lines of investigation include biogas optimization, reuse of paunch as a fertilizer and opportunities for blood products. Key results from the case study include: 1. Natural gas consumption could be offset with biogas to reduce yearly energy expenditure by up to a further ≈25% by operating lagoons under optimal mesophilic conditions (38 °C); 2. Nitrogen fertilizer replacement value of paunch was found to be comparable to other organic materials used for land application; and 3. The recovery of blood products can yield up to AUD10.5M pa for the enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reviews the book "Australian Studies: Teaching Across Cultures," edited by David Carter, Kate Darian-Smith and Gus Worby.

The article reviews the book "Lalor: The Peter Lalor Home Building Cooperative 1946-2012," by Moira Scollay.

The article reviews the book "Mr Big of Bankstown: The Scandalous Fitzpatrick and Browne Affair," by Andrew Moore.

The article reviews the book "Imagined Mobility: Migration and Transnationalism among Indian Students in Australia," by Michiel Baas.

Reviews the book "The Greeks in Australia," by Anastasios Myrodis.

Reviews the book 'Contesting the Australian Way: States, Markets and Civil Society,' edited by Paul Smith and Bettina Cass.

Reviews the book `The Paradox of Parties: Australian Political Parties in the 1990s,' edited by Marian Simms.

Reviews the book 'The Government of Education in Australia: The Origins of Federal Policy,' by P.D. Tannock.