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This literature review, brings together evidence from British research, policy, and practice regarding how children and young people in public care fare within the education system. The review suggests that many of the barriers to educational progress lie in the social work and education systems and their interaction, and argues that increased understanding by professionals of each other's perspectives and active collaboration at all levels is vital. Key topics considered in the review include: (1) the characteristics and circumstances of children in care; (2) the evidence that they underachieve at school; (3) ways in which the care and education systems impact on children's educational experience; (4) specialist education and residential schools; and (5) collaboration between departments of social work and education, including examples of special initiatives or services. The review's final chapter summarizes key points and identifies some of the main factors that may promote or impede progress. Gaps in current knowledge and understanding are also highlighted. Contains approximately 250 references. (EV)