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The article explains the 2015 National Defense Authorization Act' (NDAA) introduction of sole-source awards for Women-Owned Small Businesses (WOSBs) and Economically Disadvantaged WOSBs (EDWOSBs). It covers criteria for sole-source contracts, contract value thresholds, and legislative updates, including adjustments made by the 2021 NDAA.

This document explores how healthcare providers in the United States are working to address the social and economic needs of their patients, which have a significant impact on health outcomes. It reveals that while many physicians are screening patients for issues like food and housing insecurity, there is a gap between the needs patients are most concerned about and what they are being screened for. Community health centers (CHCs) have higher rates of screening and collaboration with local organizations, likely due to their strong community connections. However, solo practices face challenges in coordinating care, such as paperwork and staffing shortages. The document suggests that policymakers and payers should offer support to solo practices, such as technical assistance and additional funding for case managers or care coordinators. It also emphasizes the importance of involving patients and local organizations in the process of addressing social needs. The document highlights the opportunities provided by Medicaid to address economic and social needs, but notes that not all states are taking advantage of these opportunities. The study draws on survey data from the Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Survey and the Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Survey of Primary Care Physicians, as well as information about Medicaid waivers and other initiatives. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on poverty in the U.S. in 2022, comparing the official poverty measure with the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM). Topics include the differences between these measures, their impact on poverty statistics, and how they reflect varying definitions of income and need. It mentions the official measure showed no significant change in poverty rates, the SPM revealed a notable increase, highlighting the importance of considering factors like after-tax income.

The article offers information on the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF), established by the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA) to address climate change issues. Topics include the allocation funds to the EPA for FY2022 for grants, loans, and technical assistance to deploy zero-emission technologies, funding for qualified projects, and assistance for low-income and disadvantaged communities.

The article focuses on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and its rules regarding eligibility for benefits and the way benefits are calculated. It mentions SNAP, administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS), aims to increase the food purchasing power of eligible low-income households for a nutritionally adequate low-cost diet. The program's eligibility criteria involve financial considerations, including gross income and asset tests.

The article focuses on the legislative history of Medicaid financing for the U.S. territories. It provides an overview of Medicaid and its financing structure in the territories compared to the 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC). It explains that Medicaid is a joint federal-state program that provides medical services for low-income individuals.

The article focuses on the U.S. Congressional Research Service. It reports on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant which provides benefits and services for low-income families with children. It mentions that TANF funding, expenditures, assistance caseload, benefits, and work requirements.

We provide a quantitative analysis of the distributional effects of the 2018 increase in tariffs by the US and its major trading partners. We build a trade model with incom- plete asset markets and households that are heterogeneous in their age, income, wealth, and labor skill. When tariff revenues are used to reduce labor and capital income taxes and increase transfers, the average welfare loss from the trade war is equivalent to a permanent 0.1 percent reduction in consumption. Much larger welfare losses are concentrated among retirees and low-wealth and low-income workers, while only wealthy households experience a welfare gain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of FNI Reports is the property of Fridtjof Nansen Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Prime Minister Narendra Modi stated during a rally in Bihar that he does not have a successor and that the people of the country are his successors. This statement comes in response to claims made by Arvind Kejriwal of the AAP party, who suggested that Amit Shah would succeed Modi. Modi also criticized the opposition alliance and highlighted the achievements of his government in terms of welfare activities and progress for the poor and common people in Bihar. He guaranteed that he would continue to work hard for the development of the country. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents the discussion on Department of Energy's (DOE's) Weatherization Assistance Program(WAP). Topics include enabling low income families for reducing the energy consumption by making the dwellings more energy efficient; and measures containing insulation, space-heating equipment, energy-efficient windows, water heaters, and efficient air conditioners.

The article provides information on the expanded child credit under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA). Under ARPA, the eligibility for and the amount of credit for low- and middle-income taxpayers was expanded. Among the credit features that were not affected by ARPA are the definition of a qualifying child and the taxpayer identification requirements of a child. Also cited are the requirements for full refundability.

* Issue: As an alternative to expanding Medicaid in nonexpansion states, some policymakers propose expanding eligibility for marketplace premium tax credits to people below 100 percent of the poverty level. * Goal: Explore three options for expanding eligibility for subsidized marketplace coverage. Option 1 uses the Affordable Care Act's subsidy schedule prior to the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA). Option 2 enhances subsidies at all incomes to match those in the ARPA. Option 3 enhances premium and cost-sharing subsidies. Each option also could increase the federal matching rate for Medicaid expansion enrollees to 100 percent. * Methods: Assess coverage and cost impacts of each alternative using the Health Insurance Policy Simulation Model. *Key Findings and Conclusions: Option 1 covers up to 3.0 million people at a cost of $15.1 billion to the federal government in 2022 ($181 billion over 10 years). Option 2 covers 4.6 million for $22.5 billion in 2022 ($270 billion over 10 years). Option 3 covers 5.0 million for $27.9 billion in 2022 ($335 billion over 10 years). These options compare to the $30.5 billion cost ($366 billion over 10 years) of expanding Medicaid. Although Medicaid expansion would cover many more low-income people, extending marketplace subsidies to low-income individuals could cover millions who otherwise would lack coverage assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Association of Healthcare Providers (AHPI) Director General, Dr Girdhar Gyani, has called on the government to increase the budget allocation for health to 2.5% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in order to achieve universal health coverage. He emphasized the need for subsidized adult vaccinations, the expansion of basic health infrastructure, and the incentivization of the private sector to build hospitals in Tier-III towns. Dr Gyani also highlighted the importance of increasing the budget for promotional and preventive healthcare, including sanitation, safe drinking water, and nutrition. [Extracted from the article]

This paper finds that U.S. consumer prices fell substantially due to increased trade with China. With comprehensive price micro-data and two complementary identification strategies, we estimate that a 1pp increase in import penetration from China causes a 1.91% decline in consumer prices. This price response is driven by declining markups for domestically-produced goods, and is one order of magnitude larger than in standard trade models that abstract from strategic price-setting. The estimates imply that trade with China increased U.S. consumer surplus by about $400,000 per displaced job, and that product categories catering to low-income consumers experienced larger price declines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New York City recently unveiled its OneNYC 2050 plan, which aims to reduce emissions by 30% and address issues of economic inequalities and health.The plan aims to reduce emissions by 30% by 2030. The Big Apple is making headlines with recent moves to curb climate change. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant funds a wide range of benefits and services for low-income families with children. It mentions TANF is best known for funding assistance payments for needy families with children, the block grant and maintenance-of-effort (MOE) funds are used for a wide variety of benefits and activities. It also mentions TANF's main federal work requirement is a performance measure that applies to the states.

The article discusses the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act in the U.S., which includes direct payments to individuals. It is noted that the credit equals 1,200 dollars per person for eligible individuals and they will also receive an additional 500 dollars for each child that qualifies for the child tax credit. It is estimated that these payments will benefit eligible low- and middle-income households.

The article provides information on demographic and social characteristics of the poor in the U.S. in the year 2018. It shows that persons belonging to families whose income is below the federal poverty thresholds represent a diverse subset of the total population of the country. Among the poor persons, at least thirteen percent were of age 65 and more. Women accounted for fifty-six percent of the poor people.

The article offers information on the U.S. federal spending on benefits and services for people with low income from fiscal year 2008 to fiscal year 2018. Topics include increase in federal spending on people with low income that were largely driven by spending on health care; increase in cash aid, food assistance, housing and development, education, social services, employment and training, and energy assistance; and spending through the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and others.

Priyanka Gandhi also hit out at BJP, saying the BJP has done nothing for the people during its 18-year rule in the state and the party remembers them only by announcing several schemes for the people during elections. Congress general secretary Priyanka Gandhi Vadra today demanded a caste census to ensure "justice" with OBCs, SCs, and STs and criticised the ruling BJP in Madhya Pradesh, saying 250 scams have taken place during the party's 18-year rule. Priyanka Gandhi demands caste census to do "justice" with OBCs, SCs, STs in India. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on Medicaid is a joint federal-state program that finances the delivery of primary and acute medical services, as well as long-term services and supports (LTSS), to a diverse low-income population, including children, pregnant women, adults, individuals with disabilities, and people aged 65 and older. It mentions Individuals in need of Medicaid-covered LTSS must demonstrate the need for long-term care.

The article focuses on the issue of implementing a robot tax in 2017. The aim of the robot tax to be implemented in San Francisco, California is to support low income residents. It points out that the European Commission and Parliament were the first to raise the issue publicly by emphasizing the need for a legal framework around artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics. The implication of a robot tax framework for the financial technology (fintech) industry is noted.

The article offers information on the Minority Small Business and Capital Ownership Development Program and contracting opportunities in the form of set-aside and sole-source awards. It mentions program eligibility is generally limited to small businesses and unconditionally owned and controlled by one or more socially and economically disadvantaged individuals. It also mentions Small Business Administration (SBA) regulations, and judicial and administrative decisions.

The article presents answers to some frequently asked questions about the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant. Topics covered include the funding status of TANF as of January 24, 2019, the characteristics of families receiving TANF assistance, and the standards of participation in work or activities required of the states under the TANF statute.

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) provides benefits to low-income, eligible households on an electronic benefit transfer (EBT) card; benefits can then be exchanged for foods at authorized retailers. SNAP reaches a large share of low-income households. In FY2018, a monthly average of 40.3million persons in 20.1million households participated in SNAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information related to medicaid, a federal and state partnership jointly financed by the federal government and the states. It is noted that states may provide supplemental payments to support quality initiatives, graduate medical education and certain types of facilities. It is noted that an overview of the most prevalent types of Medicaid supplemental payments provide primary and acute medical services o a diverse low-income population.

The article offers information on topics related to the Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP) in the U.S. Topics mentioned include the importance of the program in supporting food banks soup kitchens, and food pantries in serving Americans with low income, the management of the program by the Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service (USDA-FNS), and government funds for the program. Also mentioned was the importance of the program in the prevention of food insecurity.

The article presents the discussion on COVID-19 crisis feeling across large swathes of the economy. Topics include low paying occupations often with fixed-term contracts holding a low level of education and youth being particularly affected by the ravages of the crisis; and digital provision of services expanding to support jobseekers, workers, and employers.

The article presents a poll of the poor and non-poor on the issue of poverty in the U.S. between 1985 and 2016. Topics discussed include the same values of the poor and non-poor in terms of government responsibility and work, the difficulty of the poor in finding jobs due to the Great Recession and its aftermath, and the development of welfare to help people recover from poverty.

The article presents early day motions including prayers on education tabled in the House of Commons from October 10-14, 2022. It is noted that the motion included rates of poverty and deprivation in the United Kingdom as by an estimate 1.5 million more people will be pushed into poverty in 2022 bringing the total number of people living in poverty to 15.5 million.

The article focuses on work requirements for recipients in programs providing need-tested assistance to low-income families and individuals. It mentions that the work requirements for recipients of government assistance seek to achieve a variety of policy goals, including promoting work, reducing assistance caseloads, and improving the economic status of individuals and families. It states that the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) provides employment and training programs.

ISSUE: Access to health care, use of services, and patient outcomes can be complicated by many medical and nonmedical factors. People facing complex challenges such as mental illness, housing insecurity, or substance use, however, are not a homogeneous group; different individuals have different needs. GOALS: To understand the needs of people with very low income -- no more than 75 percent of the federal poverty level -- who enrolled in Medicaid under Minnesota's expansion of the program prior to the Affordable Care Act. METHODS: The authors analyzed data on nondisabled, childless adults in the Minneapolis-St. Paul region who enrolled in Medicaid between 2011 and 2013. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: Early Medicaid expansion enrollees in urban Minnesota were largely nonwhite, male, and unmarried and had low educational attainment. In this very poor population, rates of homelessness, substance use, and mental illness were very high. More than 25 percent of adults dealt with two or more of these challenges, while 10 percent experienced all three. Providing access to a range of highly integrated health and social services may be the best way to help these individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the characteristics of the worker depending on the wage groups including low-wage workers, middle-wage workers, and high-wage workers. It presents tables and data depicting the wage patterns and trends of the across demographic groups. It represents the strong performance of the workers in the labor market based on their employment and job creation opportunities.

The article presents the real wage trends over the period of 1979 to 2017 based on the nonfarm workers of the age between 25 and 64. The wage patterns are separated by education, Hispanic ethnicity, sex and race. The wage trends includes the real hourly wages of low-, middle- and the high- wage groups. Wage trends, percentile and its rates depends on the demographic groups.

The article discusses the programs towards promoting investments in community development of the low-income groups. It talks about the financing for community development. It discusses the financing for healthy and nutritious food. It focuses on the tax credit approach. It also talks about the eligibility to qualify as a low-income group poverty line, and family income. It discusses the tax incentive aspect as well.

The article discusses the community development entity certification under the Certified Community Development Financial Institutions Fund. It talks about the advantages to be derived from providing support to the community development financing programs. It discusses the eligibility for the certification including being a legal entity having domestic or partnership for federal tax, maintenance of accountability to low-income groups and carrying out a mission for providing investment capital.

An introduction is presented where the author discusses the strategies of the Community development financial institutions (CDFIs) in dealing with the low-income groups.

The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant provides federal grants to the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the territories, and American Indian tribes for a wide range of benefits, services, and activities. It is best known for helping states pay for cash welfare for needy families with children, but it funds a wide array of additional activities. TANF was created in the 1996 welfare reform law (P.L. 104-193). At the federal level, TANF is administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). TANF provides a basic block grant that totals $16.5 billion. It also requires states to contribute in the aggregate from their own funds at least $10.3 billion for benefits and services to needy families with children—this is known as the maintenance-of-effort (MOE) requirement. TANF and MOE funds may be used in any manner “reasonably calculated” to achieve TANF’s statutory purpose. This purpose is to increase state flexibility to achieve four goals: (1) provide assistance to needy families with children so that they can live in their own homes or the homes of relatives; (2) end dependence of needy parents on government benefits through work, job preparation, and marriage; (3) reduce out-of-wedlock pregnancies; and (4) promote the formation and maintenance of two-parent families. Though TANF is a block grant, there are some strings attached to the use of its funds. Most TANF requirements apply to families receiving assistance. Assistance is often, but not exclusively, in the form of a cash benefit. Families must be financially needy and have a minor child to qualify for assistance; however, individual states and tribes determine the exact financial eligibility rules and benefit amounts for their programs. Some families have eligible children but the adults who care for their children are ineligible for aid. These are termed “child-only” families because benefits are paid only on behalf of the children. States and tribes must meet TANF work participation standards or risk a reduction in their block grant. For the states, the law sets standards stipulating that at least 50% of all families and 90% of two-parent families be “engaged in work.” Some families receiving TANF assistance are excluded from the calculation. Additionally, these statutory standards are reduced by credits for caseload reduction and state spending in excess of what is required under the TANF MOE. These credits and the effective (after credit) participation targets vary by state and year. Activities countable toward a family being “engaged in work” are focused on employment or working off the cash benefit, or are intended to rapidly attach welfare recipients to the workforce; education and training is countable, but limited. Work requirements for tribal programs are set by negotiation between the tribes operating the program and HHS. Federal TANF funds may not be used for a family with an adult who has received assistance for 60 months. This is the five-year time limit on welfare receipt. However, up to 20% of the caseload may be extended beyond the five years for reason of “hardship.” Each state may have its own definition of hardship. Additionally, funds spent to meet the TANF MOE requirement may be used to provide assistance to families beyond five years. TANF work participation rules and time limits do not apply to families receiving benefits and services not considered “assistance.” Such benefits and services include child care and transportation aid for families with earnings, state earned income tax credits for working families, activities to reduce out-of-wedlock pregnancies, activities to promote marriage and two-parent families, and activities to help families that have experienced or are “at risk” of child abuse and neglect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the thinking and views of Americans according to which if anyone start as a poor then he/she will be rich in America. It discusses a survey which was conducted during 1983 , found that 59 percent Americans belief that its true. Statistics related to American adult life, gotten ahead financially, fallen behind financially, or stayed about the same is presented.

The article reports on political, financial, and economic developments in Hong Kong as of February 2014 and assesses its country risk. Topics include chief executive Leung Chun-ying's plan to offer a subsidy program for Hong Kong's poorest families, his infrastructure initiatives to spark interest from foreign investors, and the possibility of reduced activity rates as China's economy slows. Also presented is a commentary on Hong Kong's politics and economy published on September 1, 2013.

A summary is presented regarding the law introduced on the maintenance of financing for the State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) inorder to improve the medical care services for children from low-income families and pregnant women.

ISSUE: Affordability of health coverage is a growing challenge for Americans facing rising premiums, deductibles, and copayments. The Affordable Care Act's tax credits make marketplace insurance more affordable for eligible lower-income individuals. However, individuals lose tax credits when their income exceeds 400 percent of the federal poverty level, creating a steep cliff. GOALS: To analyze the effects of extending eligibility for tax credits to individuals with incomes above 400 percent of the federal poverty level. METHODS: We used RAND's COMPARE microsimulation model to examine changes in insurance coverage and health care spending. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: Extending tax-credit eligibility increases insurance enrollment by 1.2 million, at a total federal cost of $6.0 billion. Those who would benefit from the tax-credit extension are mostly middle-income adults ages 50 to 64. These new enrollees would be healthier than current enrollees their age, which would improve the risk pool and lower premiums. Eliminating the cliff at 400 percent of the federal poverty level is one policy option that may be considered to increase affordability of insurance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than 40 million Americans need government help to keep from going hungry, and some 6 million households lack adequate food or nutrition at least occasionally. While hunger has abated since the 2007-09 recession, advocates for the poor say the federal government still needs to do much more to provide food aid and access to healthy food for the needy. But many conservatives say food-aid programs are rife with waste and fraud and need major reforms. They want to stiffen work requirements for able-bodied recipients, and some conservatives and liberals argue that food stamps should not be used to buy junk foods lacking in nutritional value. President Trump wants to slash federal spending on food aid and scientific research into nutrition. But some of his budget proposals — described as draconian by critics — face an uphill battle in Congress. Advocates for the poor, meanwhile, are expanding innovative programs that bring healthy foods to low-income areas, and celebrity chefs are joining the fight against hunger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]