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In the last several years, there has been increasing interest in furrow-irrigated rice (FIR) (Oryza sativa L.) production. Cultivar selection recommendations have been general and primarily based on anecdotal evidence to date. In 2021, a small-plot rice cultivar performance trial was established at Jackson Co. on a Dundee silt loam soil. A split-plot design was utilized with the whole-plot factor being the location within the field (top and bottom) and the split-plot factor being cultivar, of which there were 12 evaluated. In 2021, the bottom area of the field had significantly higher yields than the top area of the field. In general, the hybrid cultivars RT XP753, RT 7521 FP, and RT 7401 had significantly higher grain yields than the other entries in the trials at both top and bottom areas of the fields. Jupiter, Lynx, and CLL17 had greater head rice yields than all other entries at the top of the field. Jupiter and Lynx also had the highest head rice yields at the bottom of the field. As plot areas were uniformly managed, additional research is necessary to determine whether varieties can be more competitive with the hybrids when cultivar-specific management practices are implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultivar by seeding rate studies assist in developing production recommendations for new rice (Oryza sativa, L.) cultivars to determine necessary seeding rates that cover a range of Arkansas production/growing conditions. The 2021 study examined 5 rice cultivars, CLL16, CLL17, DG263L, Jewel, and Lynx. Seeding rates of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 seed/ft² were used for each cultivar. Current production recommendations were utilized at each location, and all seed received insecticide and fungicide seed treatments. Studies were seeded at 3 research station locations across eastern Arkansas. Differences were observed for stand density among seeding rates; however, there were few grain yield differences and no differences in milling yields. In 2021, even the lowest seeding rates produced stand densities at or near the recommended stand density range to produce optimal grain yields. The possibility of reduced stand density and grain yield should be noted if seed treatments for insecticides and fungicides are not used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On-farm cultivar testing provides the ability to evaluate performance in commercial fields with more unpredictable environments than those at traditional research stations. The Producer Rice Evaluation Program (PREP) utilizes commercial fields throughout the state of Arkansas to evaluate 25 different rice cultivars, including experimental and commercial lines. These on-farm tests are used to analyze different agronomic aspects of cultivars such as disease, lodging, plant stand, plant height, grain yield, and milling yield in diverse environmental conditions, soil types, and growing practices. The most important decision for a producer can be the cultivar that will provide the maximum yield potential for each field. On-farm testing can indicate the cultivars that are best suited for a particular growing situation. Studies were located in grower fields in Craighead, Greene, Lee, Lonoke, Poinsett, Prairie, and Woodruff counties for the 2019 season. The average grain yield across all six locations was 199 bu./ac, and the location with the highest average grain yield average was Woodruff County at 223 bu./ac. The cultivars with the highest average grain yield across all locations were RT XP753, RT Gemini 214 CL, RT 7301, RT 7521 FP, CLL16, RT 7501, Jupiter, RT 7321 FP, Titan, and Diamond. Cultivars with the highest head rice yields were PVL02, CLM04, Jupiter, CLJ01, CL151, CL153, Jazzman-2, ARoma 17, Jewel, Lynx, and PVL01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"We now have the computational and molecular tools to compare bison genomic sequences to thousands of cattle and conclusively determine the level and distribution of domestic cattle genetics in bison that represent each of these historical bison lineages", he says. James Derr and Brian Davis, compared genome sequences among the major historical lineages of bison to 1,842 domestic cattle, establishing that all analyzed bison genomes contained evidence of cattle introgression. A new study published in Scientific Reports has revealed the strongest evidence to date that all bison in North America carry multiple small, but clearly identifiable, regions of DNA that originated from domestic cattle. [Extracted from the article]