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We compare U(1) lattice gauge theory to an effective model of Maxwell and London equations. In the effective model there is only one free parameter, the London penetration depth lambda. It turns out that one can get good agreement between both models if one modifies the usual definition of magnetic monopole currents in U(1) lattice gauge theory. This comparison also shows that already at small distances fluctuations of the occuring string are important. Further, we investigate the beta-dependence of the penetration depth and determine the suppression of the monopole condensate in flux tubes., Comment: 11 pages, latex (file paper.tex), figures included in 13 separate .tex- and .eps-files, to appear in Phys.Lett.B; complete postscript file also available at ftp://is1.kph.tuwien.ac.at/pub/papers/zach/pl95.ps