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The growing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the power grid necessitates an effective coordination strategy to maximize their benefits. Acting as an aggregator of DERs, a virtual power plant (VPP) facilitates this coordination, thereby amplifying their impact on the transmission level of the power grid. Further, a demand response program enhances the scheduling approach by managing the energy demands in parallel with the uncertain energy outputs of the DERs. This work presents a stochastic incentive-based demand response model for the scheduling operation of VPP comprising solar-powered generating stations, battery swapping stations, electric vehicle charging stations, and consumers with controllable loads. The work also proposes a priority mechanism to consider the individual preferences of electric vehicle users and consumers with controllable loads. The scheduling approach for the VPP is framed as a multi-objective optimization problem, normalized using the utopia-tracking method. Subsequently, the normalized optimization problem is transformed into a stochastic formulation to address uncertainties in energy demand from charging stations and controllable loads. The proposed VPP scheduling approach is addressed on a 33-node distribution system simulated using MATLAB software, which is further validated using a real-time digital simulator., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications for potential publication

In this Letter we explore the possibility of a supercritical Hopf bifurcation in a typical parametric nonlinear oscillator which has been excited by two frequencies, one slow and the other fast, through the variation of the frequency of the rapidly oscillating driving force. Studies of nonlinear responses and bifurcations of such driven nonlinear systems are usually done by treating the strength of the fast drive as the control parameter. Here we show that, beyond its role in allowing one to study the dynamics with the slow and fast components nicely separated, the fast frequency can also be used as an independent control parameter for studying Hopf bifurcation., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures

Natural images can be viewed as patchworks of different textures, where the local image statistics is roughly stationary within a small neighborhood but otherwise varies from region to region. In order to model this variability, we first applied the parametric texture algorithm of Portilla and Simoncelli to image patches of 64X64 pixels in a large database of natural images such that each image patch is then described by 655 texture parameters which specify certain statistics, such as variances and covariances of wavelet coefficients or coefficient magnitudes within that patch. To model the statistics of these texture parameters, we then developed suitable nonlinear transformations of the parameters that allowed us to fit their joint statistics with a multivariate Gaussian distribution. We find that the first 200 principal components contain more than 99% of the variance and are sufficient to generate textures that are perceptually extremely close to those generated with all 655 components. We demonstrate the usefulness of the model in several ways: (1) We sample ensembles of texture patches that can be directly compared to samples of patches from the natural image database and can to a high degree reproduce their perceptual appearance. (2) We further developed an image compression algorithm which generates surprisingly accurate images at bit rates as low as 0.14 bits/pixel. Finally, (3) We demonstrate how our approach can be used for an efficient and objective evaluation of samples generated with probabilistic models of natural images., Comment: 34 pages, 9 figures

In this paper we address the one-dimensional problem of stochastic renewal in different damping environments. An ensemble of particles with some specified initial distribution in phase space are allowed to evolve stochastically till a certain instant of time (say,$tau$), when a restoring force is applied to bring them back to some point in configuration space. The physical quantities of interest that have been studied are the Survival Probability and the First Passage distribution for return to the specified target point. We observe nontrivial dependence of these quantities on $tau$ as well as on the width of the initial distribution, which has been taken to be Gaussian in position and velocity., Comment: 10 pages,12 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics A

Hopf bifurcations have been studied perturbatively under two broad headings, viz., super-critical and sub-critical. The criteria for occurrences of such bifurcations have been investigated using the renormalization group. The procedure has been described in details for both two and three dimensions and has been applied to several important models, including those by Lorenz and Rossler., Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures