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Alaska communities located along coastlines and tidally influenced rivers are vulnerable to coastal erosion. These communities face decisions that require advance planning, such as implementing shore protection or moving infrastructure. To aid in erosion planning, we estimate erosion exposure for 48 communities from the Bering to the Beaufort seas. We conduct a shoreline change assessment, forecast 60 years of erosion, and estimate the replacement cost of infrastructure in the forecast area. Of 48 communities analyzed, 33 have infrastructure within the erosion forecast area. Fifteen communities comprise 90 percent of the total replacement cost. Eleven of these, and 80 percent of total estimated cost, are in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. More than 40 percent of the estimated cost is forecast to occur by the late 2030s. A summary of findings and map(s) of erosion forecast areas are provided for each community where an assessment could be performed. Erosion forecasts require a clearly identifiable shoreline that can be tracked through time in aerial imagery, as well as no major coastal protection structures in the forecast area. Erosion forecasts are not suitable for 12 communities, so we provide recommendations to address erosion concerns in those community assessment reports. The assessment conducted here is a tool for developing local hazard mitigation plans and strategies to address erosion. There are methodological limitations to linear shoreline change measurements, forecasts, and infrastructure replacement costs. Total costs are not reported in this summary due to these limitations. Users must incorporate expertise and local knowledge when interpreting results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mission of the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) is to determine the potential of Alaskan land for production of metals, minerals, fuels, and geothermal resources, the locations and supplies of groundwater and construction materials, and the potential geologic hazards to buildings, roads, bridges, and other installations and structures. To help fulfill this mission, DGGS geologists and scientists distribute public information through the creation of a wide variety of maps, digital data, and written reports. Maps play a crucial role in supporting DGGS' mission by helping geologists and scientists understand, interpret, and visualize Alaska's diverse geologic resources. Unfortunately, the overall look and feel of DGGS produced small-format maps are often inconsistent, particularly how map marginalia are included or excluded, placed, and designed. Such inconsistencies have the potential to create confusion for the user, leading to difficulties in orienting the map, measuring distances, identifying map symbols, or learning about the topic and important production information about the map. In addition, the overall appearance of some of the marginalia elements used on past DGGS maps do not conform to what is considered good cartographic design. The variation in map marginalia elements also contributes to the lack of cartographic consistency and continuity in the look and feel of the division's maps. The purpose of this Report of Investigation is to establish recommended designs for map marginalia and present guidelines for their inclusion, design, and placement. An extensive literature review was performed to compile and document accepted cartographic conventions for marginalia inclusion, design, and placement. A qualitative survey was developed and administered to gather user reactions to, and opinions about, DGGS marginalia elements. Results of the literature review and qualitative survey supported the establishment of recommended designs for map marginalia and guidelines for their inclusion and placement with the purpose of greatly increasing the consistency of DGGS smallformat maps and helping map makers critically think about the purpose, role, and considerations of each element on a map. These guidelines will offer DGGS map makers the flexibility to more easily and consistently create a variety of small-format maps that are recognizable as well-designed, professional, organizational products that have a consistent appearance, while supporting the DGGS' mission and meeting the needs of the map's intended users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-term future of the scholarly record in its fullest expression cannot be effectively secured with stewardship strategies designed for print materials. The features of the evolving scholarly record suggest that traditional stewardship strategies, built on an "invisible hand" approach that relies on the uncoordinated, institution-scale efforts of individual academic libraries acting autonomously to maintain local collections, is no longer suitable for collecting, organizing, making available, and preserving the outputs of scholarly inquiry. As the scholarly record continues to evolve, conscious coordination will become an important organizing principle for stewardship models. Conscious coordination calls for stewardship strategies that incorporate a broader awareness of the system-wide stewardship context; declarations of explicit commitments around portions of the local collection; formal divisions of labor within cooperative arrangements; and robust networks for reciprocal access. Stewardship strategies based on conscious coordination involve an acceleration of an already perceptible transition away from relatively autonomous local collections to ones built on networks of cooperation across many organizations, within and outside the traditional cultural heritage community. Additional context can be found in our earlier report, "The Evolving Scholarly Record" (ED564827). This work is part of our Understanding the System-wide Library theme, in which we explore the characteristics and organization of collections, services, and infrastructure at scale. The goal of this work is to improve our understanding of the factors that guide institutions in their sourcing and scaling choices as they seek maximum impact and efficient provision of library collections and services.

The Icy Cape airborne magnetic geophysical survey covers parts of Icy Cape, Alaska, which is located on the coast of the Gulf of Alaska near Icy Bay. Data were acquired by helicopter between August 20th and August 22nd, 2016, by Precision GeoSurveys Inc. The survey helicopter was equipped with a Scintrex cesium vapor CS-3 magnetometer, spectrometer, data acquisition system, magnetic compensation system, pilot guidance unit (PGU), and GPS navigation system. A Garmin VIRB XE video camera integrated with a GPS antenna was used to record the flight path video. In addition, two GEM GSM-19T magnetometer base stations with integrated GPS time synchronization were used to record diurnal magnetic variations. The survey area consists of four contiguous blocks covering an irregular area of 42.5 km by 19.1 km with 173 survey lines and 16 tie lines. The four blocks are centered 130 km northwest of Yakutat, Alaska, and cover a total of 520.8 square km. A total of 846.2 line-km were collected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Federal grants are intended to meet goals authorized by Congress and often target community needs. Federal grants are not guaranteed benefits or entitlements to individuals. Most federal grant funds go to state and local governments, which in turn may award funds as sub-awards to local entities, such as nonprofit organizations. Because of this, contacting federal departments and agencies, state-level grants administering agencies (SAAs), or both to discuss grant opportunities is likely to be an important step for many grantseekers. However, due to limited purposes of grants and competition for available funding, grantseekers seeking government aid might need to search for funding options other than grants. For instance, individuals may be eligible for other kinds of benefits or assistance. Small businesses and students may be eligible for loans. Sources that grantseekers need to identify federal grants are available from federal government websites for free. The Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (or "Assistance Listings" database) at beta.SAM.gov describes more than 2,200 federal programs, more than half of them grants, and can be searched by keyword, department or agency, program title, beneficiary, and applicant eligibility. Federal department and agency websites provide additional information and guidance, and they provide state agency contacts, given that some federal grant opportunities may be administered by state-level agencies. Once a program has been identified, eligible grantseekers may apply for grants at the website Grants.gov through a uniform process for many agencies (for state-administered federal grants, applicants may apply through the state-level agency). Through Grants.gov, grantseekers may identify when federal funding notices and deadlines for a program become available, sign up for email notification of funding opportunities, and track the progress of submitted applications. Because government funds may be limited, sources of private and corporate foundation funding may be important to consider. Sources for nongovernmental funding are available online from organizations supporting grantseekers. For example, Candid (formerly the Foundation Center and GuideStar) is a clearinghouse for information about private, corporate, and community foundations, with publicly-accessible collections of resources in every state. These private, corporate, and community foundations often maintain their own websites with information for grantseekers. This report provides a brief introduction to the grant process, describes key sources of information on government and private funding, and outlines eligibility for federal grants. This report also includes some sources for information on writing grant proposals. Additional sources for grantseekers include reports such as CRS Report RL32159, How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal, by Maria Kreiser; and CRS Report RL34035, Grants Work in a Congressional Of f ice, by Maria Kreiser. This report is updated at the beginning of every Congress and as needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Members of Congress frequently receive requests from grantseekers needing funds for projects in districts and states. In considering a response, a congressional office might first determine its policies and procedures regarding appropriate assistance to give constituents, such as when to provide information on grants programs or active advocacy of projects. Each office handles grants requests in its own way, depending upon the Member's legislative agenda and overall organization and workload of office staff. As for staffing, there may be a full-time grants specialist or several staff members under the supervision of a grants coordinator working solely in the area of grants and projects. In some offices, all grants requests are handled in the district or state office; in others, they are answered by Capitol Hill staff. Offices may encourage congressional grants staff to learn about the grants process themselves and identify practices, in accordance with office policies, that may assist grantseekers at each step in the process. To learn about grants work, congressional staff can use CRS reports to identify potential sources of information for government and private funding and for details on selected grants programs. In addition to the current report, reports on grants work include CRS Report RL34012, Resources f or Grantseekers; and CRS Report RL32159, How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal. CRS also offers reports on block grants and the appropriations process; federal assistance for homeland security and terrorism preparedness; and federal programs on specific subjects and for specific groups, such as state and local governments, police and fire departments, libraries and museums, nonprofit organizations, small business, and other topics. To educate constituents, a congressional office may provide selected grantseekers information on funding programs or may sometimes sponsor workshops on federal and private assistance. Because most funding resources are on the internet, Member home pages can also link to grants sources, such as Assistance Listings at beta.SAM.gov and Grants.gov, so that constituents can search for grants programs and funding opportunities. The CRS web page, Grants and Federal Domestic Assistance (see sample Member Grants Page), can be added to a Member's home page upon request and is updated automatically on House and Senate servers. Another CRS resource, Grants and Federal Assistance, covers key CRS products. To help communicate office policies and procedures, respond to frequent grants questions, and train new congressional staff, a congressional office may consider developing an internal grants manual. In addition to a single place to locate grants-related office policies and procedures, a grants manual may include templates for letters of support, instructional tools for new staff, and lists of local contacts. With reductions in federal programs, and with most government grants requiring matching funds, local contacts could include private or corporate foundations that may serve as alternatives or supplements to federal grants. This report will be updated at the beginning of each Congress and as needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Shaw Creek and Shawnee Peak airborne magnetic and radiometric geophysical survey covers parts of the Big Delta and Eagle quadrangles northeast of Delta Junction, Alaska (fig. 1). Magnetic and radiometric data were collected with a helicopter July 4-25, 2020 by MPX Geophysics LTD. A total of 10,100 line kilometers were collected over approximately 2,600 square kilometers. The magnetometer was mounted to a forward-facing fixed boom ("stinger"). The radiometric crystals were located in the cabin of the helicopter. Data were collected in eight named blocks. Mertie Mountains, Shaw Creek, and Volkmar River have a line spacing of 400 meters (m) and a mean ground clearance of 130 m. Stoneboy has a line spacing of 200 m and a mean ground clearance of 80 m. Eagle, Echo, Healy, and LMS-X have a line spacing of 100 m and a mean ground clearance of 80 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Holitna airborne magnetic geophysical survey covers the Holitna basin, located in the Sleetemute and Lime Hills quadrangles surrounding the town of Stony River in southwest Alaska. Magnetic data were collected September 8th to October 7th 1997. A total of 13,658 line kilometers were collected covering 9,229.1 square kilometers. Line spacing was 800 meters (m). Data were collected using a fixed wing aircraft with a mean ground clearance of 90 m. PURPOSE These data were collected to assist the state in assessing the hydrocarbon potential of the Holitna basin area. The aeromagnetic data was intended to be interpreted and integrated with available geoscience data. SURVEY OVERVIEW DESCRIPTION This document provides an overview of the survey and includes text and figures of select primary and derivative products of this survey. A table of digital data packages available for download is provided to assist users in data selection. For reference, a catalog of the available maps is presented in reduced resolution. Please consult the metadata, project report, and digital data packages for more information and data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The airborne magnetic geophysical survey of the Bethel Basin, Alaska is located in the Bethel, Baird Inlet, Russian Mission, and Marshall quadrangles near the town of Bethel in southwest Alaska. Magnetic data were collected during October 1996 by Sanders Geophysics Ltd. and August 1994 by GEONEX Aero Service and its subsidiaries. A total of 20,915 line kilometers were collected covering 14,953 square kilometers. Line spacing was 800 meters (m). Data were collected using a fixed-wing aircraft with a median ground clearance of 90 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Stikine geophysical survey is located in southeast Alaska near the city of Wrangell, about 175 kilometers south of Juneau, Alaska. Frequency domain electromagnetic and magnetic data were collected with the DIGHEMV system from March to May 1997. A total of 8,097 line kilometers were collected covering 2,870.1 square kilometers. Line spacing was 400 meters (m). Data were collected approximately 30 m above the ground cover or tree canopy from a helicopter-towed sensor platform ("bird") on a 30-m-long line. The large trees and steep terrain resulted in an average ground clearance of 150 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Southern NPRA electromagnetic and magnetic airborne geophysical survey is located in northwest Alaska in the southern National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska, about 320 kilometers south of the City of Utqiaġvik. Frequency domain electromagnetic and magnetic data were collected with the DIGHEMV system from July to August 2005. A total of 11,115 line kilometers were collected covering 3,947.9 square kilometers. Line spacing was 400 meters (m) and 200 m over the Drenchwater area. Data were collected with an average ground clearance of 35 m from a helicopter towed sensor platform ("bird") on a 30-m-long line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This geophysical survey is located in southeast Alaska in the Ketchikan area, about 350 kilometers south of Juneau, Alaska. Frequency domain electromagnetic and magnetic data were collected with the DIGHEMV system in May 1992. A total of 679 line kilometers were collected covering 133.6 square kilometers. Line spacing was 200 meters (m). Data were collected approximately 30 m above the ground cover or tree canopy from a helicopter-towed sensor platform ("bird") on a 30-m-long line. The large trees and steep terrain resulted in an average ground clearance of 150 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Tok River area (Tanacross A-5 and A-6 quadrangles) of the eastern Alaska Range hosts a variety of ages and styles of mineralization, including stratabound basemetal sulfide, intrusion-related gold-copper-silver, and structurally controlled gold. Stratabound base-metal (Zn-Pb-Cu-Ag-Au) sulfide prospects occur in the Tanacross A-6 Quadrangle, where they are known in part as the Eagle trend. Mineralization is hosted by thin marble beds within a metamorphic package dominated by siliciclastic and rare volcanic protoliths. Sulfide minerals include sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, and pyrite; associated minerals include calcite, ankerite, siderite, albite, phengite, chlorite, ferro-actinolite, stilpnomelane, Fe-clinopyroxene, Ca-Mn garnet, ilvaite, and barite. Mineral assemblages, compositions, and textures indicate that base-metal sulfide mineralization experienced Permian through Jurassic regional metamorphism, and Pb-isotopic ratios are closely similar to those of Devonian to Mississippian syngenetic deposits of Interior Alaska. We interpret the Eagle trend to be a continuation of the PP-LZ trend of the Delta mineral belt, and that the Tok River area prospects are most similar to sedimentary-exhalative (SEDEX)-type systems. The Hona prospect comprises Au-Cu-Ag mineralization developed in association with a multiphase hypabyssal granodiorite stock of Late Cretaceous (ca. 75 Ma) age. Mineralization occurs with disseminated pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, trace molybdenite, and secondary biotite within the intrusion, and with disseminated and veinlet-hosted pyrite and chalcopyrite in adjacent metamorphic rocks. Silicification, sodic, and argillic alteration occur locally, but well-developed sericitic alteration is lacking. The prospect is similar in age to the nearby Peak gold skarn and is associated with intrusions of similar composition. The geochemical signature of Hona mineralization (Au-Cu-Ag-As-Bi-Te) is similar to that of the Peak skarn and distinct from the coeval Taurus Cu-Mo-Au porphyry system. Structurally controlled gold prospects of the White Gold trend appear to have formed well after mid-Cretaceous metamorphic cooling. Mafic and felsic dikes of likely Paleogene age occur locally with structurally controlled gold mineralization and are both pre-/syn- and post-mineralization in timing. Advanced argillic alteration affects Au-As-mineralized dikes as well as mineralized country rock; such alteration reflects highly acidic hydrothermal fluids and is inconsistent with an orogenic gold deposit model. If the White Gold prospects were emplaced during the Paleocene, they are similar in age and style to the Hajdukovich property near Delta Junction and may be genetically linked to ca. 55 Ma extensional tectonics and magmatism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helicopter and ground reconnaissance surveys were conducted in the Yukon River area in the northwestern Livengood Quadrangle to assess the locations and relative activity of tectonic faults that could pose hazards to the Dalton Highway and proposed future infrastructure developments. Previously identified faults were evaluated, including the Victoria Creek fault (southern, middle, and northern strands), the Kaltag Extension fault, and the Tozitna fault. Several unnamed faults and the Hess Creek and Ray River lineaments were also investigated. The results indicate that none of the faults and lineaments investigated are expressed in Holocene deposits and none exhibit tectonic geomorphic features that indicate Quaternary deformation. High rates of geomorphic processes, low rates of tectonic deformation, and thick vegetative cover may inhibit the recognition of tectonic geomorphology. Future investigations using high-resolution topographic datasets would provide an opportunity to validate the conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assess potential tsunami hazards for six communities in Southeast Alaska: Kasaan, Klawock, Metlakatla, Pelican, Point Baker, and Port Protection. These communities have no high-resolution bathymetry or topography, therefore we conduct tsunami hazard assessments for these areas at the regional scale. The regional approach is a suitable, costeffective approximation and replacement for high-resolution tsunami inundation maps. The primary tsunami hazard considered for these communities originates from tsunamigenic earthquakes along the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone across the Gulf of Alaska. We numerically model tsunami waves generated by four different megathrust earthquakes and develop approximate tsunami hazard maps for the six communities. The hypothetical tsunami scenarios that we examined include variations of an extended 1964 rupture, megathrust earthquakes in the Prince William Sound and Alaska Peninsula regions, and a Cascadia megathrust earthquake. We do not include impacts of subaerial or submarine landslide tsunami sources, as that is beyond the scope of this study. The maximum runup heights from tectonically-generated tsunamis are 1.4 m (4.6 ft) in Kasaan, 4 m (13 ft) in Klawock, 1 m (3.3 ft) in Metlakatla, 5 m (16 ft) in Pelican, 1.3 m (4.3 ft) in Point Baker, and 2.6 m (8.5 ft) in Port Protection. Results presented here are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management agencies in initial tsunami inundation assessment, evacuation planning, and public education for mitigation of future tsunami hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mount Fairplay igneous complex is an approximately 24-square-kilometer (9-square-mile) intrusive body located in eastern Interior Alaska. The complex is latest Cretaceous (ca. 67 Ma) in age and consists of two recognized intrusive suites or groups: (1) an alkalic group comprising quartz-poor lithologies (monzonite, syenite, alkali-feldspar syenite) and (2) a slightly younger, sub-alkalic group comprising quartzrich lithologies (granite and quartz monzonite). Ilmenite and magnetite compositions of the alkalic rocks indicate magmatic oxidation states in the vicinity of the fayalite-quartz-magnetite (FQM) buffer; in contrast, data for the quartz-rich suite indicates conditions much more oxidized than the FQM buffer. Both groups typically contain diopsidic clinopyroxene, biotite, and amphibole, and the most mafic of the alkalic group contains olivine or iddingsite. Microprobe studies show that amphibole, biotite, and feldspar compositions vary according to both primary magmatic and secondary, post-magmatic processes or alteration. Some parts of the complex, particularly the alkali-feldspar syenite, are enriched in rare earth elements (REE) uranium (U), niobium (Nb), and thorium (Th). Magmatic apatite at Mount Fairplay has low-REE cores and REE-enriched rims; however, in hydrothermally altered samples, magmatic apatite is replaced by REE-depleted apatite, which is accompanied by secondary REE minerals including monazite, allanite, huttonite, and cheralite. Titanite, the bulk of which appears to be secondary, contains significant Nb (0.2-5 percent Nb2O5) and light REEs (0.2-3 percent total LREE oxide). The alkali-feldspar syenite has the highest REE and Nb concentrations, both in titanite and in whole-rock analyses. The alkalic rocks at Mount Fairplay also contain elevated fluorine (F) in concentrations well above those typical for igneous titanite. Other secondary minerals, including amphibole, biotite, and scapolite, contain elevated concentrations of chlorine (Cl) and probably also F, and these halogen enrichments are apparently restricted to the alkalic group of rocks and absent from the quartz-rich group. One sample of alkali-feldspar syenite also contains fluorite. Together, these features indicate that hydrothermal fluids containing relatively high Cl and fluorine (F) concentrations affected parts of the Mount Fairplay complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assess potential tsunami hazards for the communities of Dillingham, Nelson Lagoon, and Platinum in Bristol Bay, and St. Paul and St. George on the Pribilof Islands. The Bristol Bay communities have no high-resolution bathymetry or topography, therefore we conduct tsunami hazard assessments for these areas at the regional scale. The regional approach is a suitable, cost-effective approximation and replacement for high-resolution tsunami inundation maps. The Pribilof Islands communities do have the high-resolution baseline data necessary to produce high-resolution maps. The primary tsunami hazard considered for communities in this report originate from tsunamigenic earthquakes along the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone and from underwater slope failures in the Bering Sea. Volcanic tsunamis are known to have generated waves up to 12 m in Bristol Bay about 3,500 years ago, but we do not model them in this study due to insufficient data on locations and volumes of these potential hazards. We numerically model tsunamis generated by eight different megathrust earthquakes and two landslide sources, analyze tsunami wave dynamics, and develop tsunami hazard maps. The tectonic tsunami scenarios that we examined simulate Mw 9.2 megathrust earthquakes with a slip distribution in the 5-35 km (3-22 mi) depth range along the Aleutian megathrust. The landslide tsunami scenarios include submarine mass failures on both sides of Umnak Plateau. The maximum assumed runup heights are 1.4 m (4.6 ft) for Dillingham, 3.5 m (11.5 ft) for Nelson Lagoon, and 4.9 m (16 ft) for Platinum. The maximum calculated tsunami runup in St. Paul is 16 m (52.5 ft); it is 5m (16 ft) in St. George, and 11 m (36 ft) near the St. George airport. Results presented here are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management agencies in initial tsunami inundation assessment, evacuation planning, and public education for mitigation of future tsunami hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field investigations in the Parks Highway, Minto Flats, and Dalton Highway infrastructure corridors were conducted by the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) to support engineering-geologic decisions related to the planning, routing, and construction of future infrastructure development. Airphoto and lidar hillshade interpretations, helicopter surveys, and ground reconnaissance surveys were conducted in the ~700-mi-long by ~1-mi-wide corridor between Cook Inlet and Prudhoe Bay to develop information about landscape geomorphology and evaluate potential geologic hazards. The corridor crosses diverse terrain, several major mountain ranges, and 12 physiographic provinces. We identified a wide variety of geologic hazards along the corridor that are a product of local geomorphic conditions. This report documents our Quaternary geologic observations from the 2011, 2012, and 2013 field seasons and includes maps identifying specific geologic hazards in the infrastructure corridor. The methodology employed during this investigation, specifically concerning the evaluation of a long, relatively narrow swath across variable terrain, can be applied to other infrastructure corridor studies in Alaska and elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The State of Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) produced a digital surface model (DSM) and an orthorectified aerial image (orthoimagery, fig. 1) over Valdez Glacier icedammed lake (fig. 2) in support of glacial lake outburst flood hazard assessment and monitoring. Aerial photographs and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data were collected on October 12, 2016, and were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetric techniques to create orthoimagery and a DSM. This collection is being released as a Raw Data File with an open end-user license, allowing open access to the geospatial datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assess potential tsunami hazard for three coastal communities in Southeast Alaska: Port Alexander, Craig, and Ketchikan. The primary tsunami hazard for these communities is considered to be far-field, with the major threat originating from tsunamigenic earthquakes along the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone across the Gulf of Alaska. We numerically model tsunami waves generated by four different megathrust earthquakes and develop approximate tsunami hazard maps for the three communities. The hypothetical tsunami scenarios that we examined include variations of an extended 1964 rupture, megathrust earthquakes in the Prince William Sound and Alaska Peninsula regions, and a Cascadia megathrust earthquake. The maximum runup heights are 4 m (13.1 ft) in Port Alexander, 3.2 m (10.5 ft) in Craig, and 1 m (3.3 ft) in Ketchikan. Results presented here are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management agencies in initial tsunami inundation assessment, evacuation planning, and public education for mitigation of future tsunami hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an overview on written parliamentary questions on education from the Great Britain House of Commons and the House of Lords from 8 to 12 April 2019. Topics include statement of Stephanie Peacock on adult education finance; the statement of James Frith on apprenticeships programme; and the statement of Angela Rayner on education finance.

A new 1:63,360-scale geologic map of the hydrocarbon-bearing Umiat-Gubik area of the central North Slope, Alaska, spans approximately 2,100 km2 at the northern extent of the Brooks Range foothills fold-and-thrust belt in the Colville foreland basin. This geologic map was prepared through assimilation of field observations, aerial and satellite imagery, seismic-reflection data, and well logs. Near-surface formation picks were available or derived for most of the area's 24 exploration wells, and two cross sections were constructed along lines of section that are constrained at depth by our interpretations of publicly available two-dimensional seismic data. The mapped area hosts exposures of Upper Cretaceous strata in the Nanushuk, Seabee, Tuluvak, Schrader Bluff, and Prince Creek Formations, constituting an approximately 2-km-thick succession that crops out discontinuously in the low-relief, tundra-mantled region. This part of the siliciclastic Brookian megasequence stratigraphy comprises principally shallow-marine deposits. Our work benefits from and reflects recent sequencestratigraphic advances that better constrain how this part of the Colville basin continued to fill by a northeastward prograding clastic wedge during Late Cretaceous time, with the exposed stratigraphy recognized as basin-scale topset units. A series of east- to east-southeast-trending, km-scale wavelength, gentle folds are mapped in the area. Anticlines are locally breached by thrusts and interpreted to be folded above faulted and penetratively deformed mid-Cretaceous Torok Formation. Undeveloped, subcommercial (as of this writing) petroleum accumulations occur along doubly plunging anticlinal traps at three long-recognized fields in the map area: Umiat (mostly oil), Gubik (gas), and East Umiat (gas). The Umiat oil field structural culmination is modified by thrust faults that breach the surface, and the East Umiat gas field is associated with a northdipping back-thrust that is evident in seismic data and cuts across the Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy; thrust faults near the Gubik gas field lie within and below the Torok Formation. Various interpretations have previously been published for some of the area's structures, with important implications for petroleum trap geometries in the gas-prone foothills region. We present new data and interpretations that support the inference of a principal, south-dipping thrust fault that breaches the north limb of Umiat anticline near Umiat. Additionally, a new fracture dataset addresses the previously hypothesized Colville fault. Ultimately, we do not find compelling evidence for a through-going, left-lateral strike-slip fault along the Colville River valley, which extends obliquely across the structural grain of the region. The fracture data are, however, generally consistent with a pure shear model of deformation associated with north-south contraction of the central Brooks Range foothills fold-and-thrust belt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has published extensive statistical information on the U.S. economy and banking industry since 1914. This information has been published in various formats, usually referred to as "statistical releases." Titles and release numbers of the publications have changed frequently. Federal Reserve Board Statistical Releases: a Publications History describes these changes; it is a convenient tool that lightens the burden of tracing the titles and release numbers by providing history in a single location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In February 2001, the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) and the National Initiative for a Networked Cultural Heritage (NINCH) convened a meeting to discuss how museums and libraries are building digital collections and what business models are available to sustain them. A group of museum and library senior executives met with business and legal experts, technologists, and funders to discuss the challenges that cultural institutions face when putting collections online and to identify some models for sustainability that support the core missions and do not conflict with the internal cultures of nonprofit entities. Speakers were asked to outline the elements of their business models, describe how they were developed, and predict their prospects for the future. Six approaches are outlined, ranging from two enterprises that have been providing access to scholarly journals online for several years to new initiatives that are based on collaborations among institutions. This report summarizes the information shared by presenters, followed by the discussions that ensued among participants. Discussion of the presentations focused on the following four topics: business models, scalability, organizational impact, and sustainability. On the basis of the day's discussions, the group was asked to propose an agenda for action. In addressing the short- and long-term needs of museums and libraries, participants identified four distinct areas that deserve the greatest attention: elements of a sound business plan, elements needed to sustain digital efforts at all types of institutions, inter-institutional issues, and funding. These recommendations and next steps appear at the end of the report. An appendix includes a list of participants. (Contains 21 references.) (AEF)

This report focuses on practices related to the selection and presentation of commercially available electronic resources. As part of the Digital Library Federation's Collection Practices Initiative, the report also shares the goal of identifying and propagating practices that support the growth of sustainable and scalable collections. It looks in depth at how a number of leading research libraries select, license, present, and support the use of commercial online materials. Uncovering a variety of practices, the author is careful to identify those that converge and illuminate the most effective means for integrating commercial online materials into library collections. The main body of the report discusses 10 issues and practices related to selection and presentation. The first issue is the economic context of electronic resource selection. Discussion of this topic focuses on the two most visible means libraries have developed for dealing with the pricing of electronic resources: consortial purchasing and alternative scholarly communication initiatives. The next two sections cover selection policies and strategic plans, and organizational matters. The remaining sections deal more directly with operational questions and are organized roughly in a "resource life cycle" sequence. The discussion starts with initial selection issues and proceeds through ordering and purchasing, establishing and organizing access, providing support, and evaluating and assessing how information is used. The report concludes with a discussion of some local databases and systems devised to support or help rationalize the treatment of electronic resources. The most promising selection and presentation practices are assembled and briefly discussed in the concluding section. Many local practice documents and related Web links are cited throughout the report; these references, as well as additional relevant documents and Web links, are organized into a table in Appendix A. Appendix B provides a table of function and data elements for managing electronic resources. (Contains 130 references.) (AEF)

We re-evaluate the potential tsunami hazard for the communities of Homer and Seldovia by numerically modeling the extent of inundation from tsunami waves generated by earthquakes and submarine landslides. Hypothetical worst-case scenarios are defined by analyzing the tsunami dynamics related to various plausible earthquake slip distributions along the Alaska-Aleutian megathrust. Potential tsunami sources include megathrust earthquakes in the Prince William Sound, Kenai Peninsula, and Kodiak Island regions. We consider scenarios similar to that of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Japan, with maximum slip located on a shallow portion of the plate interface close to the seafloor trench. We also consider local underwater slope failure scenarios for Kachemak Bay. The maximum predicted wave height from a tectonic tsunami is 10-12 m (33-40 ft) in Homer and 10-11 m (33-36 ft) in Seldovia, while the maximum landslide-generated tsunami may reach an elevation of up to 4 m (13 ft) on Homer Spit. Results presented here are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management agencies for tsunami inundation assessment, evacuation planning, and public education to mitigate future tsunami hazards. This report updates the previous assessment of tsunami hazard for Homer and Seldovia published in 2005. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report we evaluate potential tsunami hazards for the southeastern Alaska communities of Skagway and Haines and numerically model the extent of inundation from tsunami waves generated by tectonic and submarine landslide sources. We calibrate our tsunami model by numerically simulating the 2011 Tohoku, Japan tsunami at Skagway and comparing our results to instrument records. Analysis of calculated and observed water level dynamics for the 2011 event in Skagway reveals that the model underestimates the observed wave heights in the city by a factor of 1.5, likely due to complex tsunami-tide interactions. We compensate for this underestimation numerically by increasing the coseismic slip of the hypothetical tsunami sources in our models. Potential hypothetical maximum credible tsunami sources include variations of the extended 1964 rupture and megathrust earthquakes in the Prince William Sound and Alaska Peninsula regions. Local underwater landslide events in Taiya, Chilkoot, and Chilkat inlets are also considered as possible tsunamigenic scenarios. The results show that the maximum predicted wave height resulting from a tectonic tsunami is 2-3 m (7-10 ft) in Skagway and Haines, while the maximum landslide-generated tsunami may cause a runup of 15-16 m (49-52 ft). Results presented here are intended to provide guidance to local emergency management agencies in tsunami inundation assessment, evacuation planning, and public education to mitigate future tsunami hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]