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Organized to focus world-wide public attention on the massive gender inequalities in many areas of the world, a seminar entitled "Women and Literacy Development--Constraints and Prospects" was held in Sweden during August 1991. This book presents conference papers by female literacy experts from 12 developing nations (three in Latin America, five in Africa, three in Asia, and one in the South Pacific Region) on the literacy situation for girls and women in their respective countries. Papers in the book are: (1) "Women and Literacy Development in the Third World: A Rapsodic Overview" (Eve Malmquist); (2) "Women and Literacy Development in India" (Anita Dighe); (3) "Women and Literacy Development in Pakistan" (Neelam Hussain); (4) "Flowers in Bloom: An Account of Women and Literacy Development in Thailand" (Kasama Varavarn); (5) "Women and Literacy Development in the South Pacific Region" (Barbara Moore); (6) "Illiterate Rural Women In Egypt: Their Educational Needs and Problems: A Case Study" (Nadia Gamal El-Din); (7) "Women and Literacy Development in Botswana: Some Implementation Strategies" (Kgomotso D. Motlotle); (8) "Women and Literacy Development in East Africa with Particular Reference to Tanzania" (Mary Rusimbi); (9) "Women and Literacy Development in Mozambique" (Teresa Veloso); (10) "Women and Literacy Development: A Zimbabwean Perspective" (Maseabata E. Tsosane and John A. Marks); (11) "Women and Literacy Development in Mexico" (Geraldine Novelo Oppenheim); (12) "A Post-Literacy Project with the Women of the Indian Community of San Lorenzo, Colombia" (Mirvan Zuniga); (13) "Gender Subordination and Literacy in Brazil" (Fulvia Rosemberg); (14) "Women and Literacy: Summary of Discussions at the International Linkoping Seminar" (Ulla-Britt Persson and Neelam Hussain); and (15) "Concluding Remarks, Suggestions and Recommendations" (Eve Malmquist). (RS)

Case studies and seminar reports are provided that were presented at an international seminar to examine field experiences in using a culture-based approach to nonformal education. Part I, containing an introductory paper and nine case studies, focuses on indigenous institutions and processes in health, family planning, agriculture, basic education, and conscientization. The introductory paper discusses indigenous sociocultural forms as a basis for nonformal education and development. Seven countries are represented in the case studies: Indonesia, Bolivia, Java (Indonesia), Upper Volta, Botswana, India, and Bali (Indonesia). Section II focuses on the performing arts in both mass campaigns and community nonformal education programs. An introductory paper overviews folk media, popular theater, and conflicting strategies for social change in the third world. The seven case studies consider the specific strategies used in Brazil, Sierra Leone, China, India, Mexico, Jamaica, and Africa. Section III contains the seminar reports developed from discussions of the four regional working groups: Latin America, Africa and the Caribbean, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. A summary of plenary discussions is also provided. (YLB)

This paper presents a discussion on potential conflicts originated by sensorimotor distractions when learning with mobile phones on-the-move. While research in mobile learning points to the possibility of everywhere, all the time learning; research in the area suggests that tasks performed while on-the-move predominantly require low cognitive processing. This work uses Bloom's taxonomy to identify low and high order thinking activities associated to the functionalities of a mobile phone. It also provides preliminary results from a survey identifying correlations between high and low cognitive processing tasks and locations involving users' sensorimotor engagement. [For the full proceedings, see ED571335.]

The "ISSS Annual Conference Proceedings" is a peer-reviewed professional publication published once a year following the annual conference. The following papers are included in the 2013 proceedings: (1) Teaching About Asia in a Social Science Education Program (Cyndi Mottola Poole and Joshua L. Kenna); (2) Teaching Students about Contemporary Germany (Janie Hubbard and Karen Larsen Maloley); (3) Evaluating Pedagogical Techniques in Education Courses: Does Assignment Resubmission for Higher Grades Increase Student Achievement? (Joseph Asklar and Russell Owens); (4) Incorporating Global Citizenship into Social Studies Classroom (Anatoli Rapoport); (5) Internal Culture: The Heart of Global Education (Cyndi Mottola Poole); (6) The Treatment of Monotheistic Religions in World History Textbooks (Jason Allen); (7) College Readiness: Preparing Rural Youth for the Future (Jason Hedrick, Mark Light, and Jeff Dick); (8) The University Core Curriculum Program: Factors of Success and Opportunities for Potential Improvement (Mohamed Elgeddawy); (9) Communication processes of Online Education: The Need for a Sociological Reflection (Beatriz Fainholc); (10) Cinema and History of Brazil: A Debate in the Classroom (Paulo Roberto de Azevedo Maia); (11) Practitioner Inquiry in the K-12 Social Studies Classroom (Heather Leaman); (12) Role-Playing Parent-Teacher Conferences Defending a Social Justice Curriculum (Christopher Andrew Brkich and April Cribbs Newkirk); (13) "Steve Obamney": Political Scumbaggery, the Internet, and the Collective Memetic American Consciousness (Christopher Andrew Brkich and Tim Barko); (14) Democratic Twittering: Using Social Media in the Social Studies (Daniel G. Krutka); (15) An Electorate Equality: Are we Seeing a New Age or Era in American History? (Sean M. Lennon); (16) Instances of Reification in Contemporary Society: Work, Consumption, Cyberculture, and Body (Julio Cesar Lemes de Castro); (17) The Ent's Will Rise Again: The Representation of Nature in the Film "The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring" (Iclal Alev Degim); (18) "We need to conserve the beautiful places of the world, and protect them from being destroyed:" Using Papers about Place in an Environmental History Class (Russell Olwell); (19) Lesson Study in Elementary Social Studies Methods (Lara Willox); (20) Visualization of Teacher's Thinking Process While Observing Students: An Educational Neuroscientific Approach (Naoko Okamoto and Yasufumi Kuroda); (21) Perceptions of Teacher Candidates on Quality Standards of Education Faculty (Aysun Dogutas); (22) Laptops and iPads and Smartphones, Oh My! (Brian D. Furgione, Jason Dumont, Alexandra Razgha, and Joe Sanchez); (23) Academic Transition from High School to College (Barbara Houser and Cheryl Avila); (24) QR Codes: Let's Get Them in (and out of) Your Classroom! (Brian D. Furgione, Jason Dumont, Alexandra Razgha, and Joe Sanchez); (25) Creating a New Space: Partners in Global Education (Denise Dallmer); (26) Letting Go of the Textbook: Applying Multimodal Intertextuality in the Secondary Social Studies Classroom (Terrell Brown); (27) Preservice Elementary Teachers' Economic Literacy: Are They Ready to Teach Economics Concepts? (Kenneth V. Anthony, Nicole Miller, and Becky Smith); (28) The Effect of Family Disintegration on Children and Its Negative Impact on Society (Nourah Mohammad Altwaijri); (29) Historical Examination of the Segregated School Experience (Anthony Pellegrino, Linda Mann, and William B. Russell, III); (30) The Effects of Transnational Prejudice on Incorporation and Identity Formation of Oaxacans in the U.S. (Monica Valencia); (31) Neo-Liberalism and the Deconstruction of the Humanistic Pedagogic Tradition (Chris Sparks); (32) The Great Depression as a Generational Lens on Contemporary Social Studies Reform Movements (Doug Feldmann); (33) Digital Collaboration to Promote Learning in the Social Studies Classroom (Raymond W. Francis and Mary Jo Davis); (34) Disrupting Patriarchy: Challenging Gender Violence In Post-Apartheid South Africa and Post-Conflict Northern Ireland (Erin Tunney); (35) The Relationship between Teachers' Conceptions of Democracy and The Practice of Teaching Social Studies: A Collective Case Study of Three Beginning Teachers (Andrew L. Hostetler); (36) Facilitating the Reduction of Recidivism: A Political Philosophical Approach to Community Justice (Philip Waggoner); (37) Teaching Social Studies Through Photography: World Travels of a Pre-Service Teacher (Rebecca Stump); (38) Young Children's Descriptions about the History of Their Given Names (Lois M. Christensen, Szymanski Sunal, Melissa G. Whetstone, Amanda Daniel Pendergrass, and Ebtesam Q. Rababah); (39) Apoyo: How Does This Culturally Learned Practice from México Characterize Hispanic Households in America? (Gilbert Duenas); and (40) Implications of Common Core State Standards on Social Studies Education (Joshua L. Kenna). (Individual papers contain references.) [For the 2012 proceedings, see ED531864.]

This year the Research Institute for Higher Education in Hiroshima University hosted an international conference in close collaboration with Hijiyama University. The main purpose of the 2008 conference was to enable the participants to give preliminary country/regional reports based on their national/regional surveys. This publication reports the proceedings of the conference. The following papers are presented at the conference: (1) International Implications of the Changing Academic Profession in Japan (Akira Arimoto); (2) The Context for the Changing Academic Profession: A Survey of International Indicators (William K. Cummings); (3) The Changing Academic Profession in Canada: Exploring Themes of Relevance, Internationalization, and Management (Amy Scott Metcalfe); (4) The Changing Academic Profession in the United States: 2007 (Martin Finkelstein and William Cummings); (5) The Academic Profession in England: Still Stratified after All These Years? (William Locke); (6) Changes in the Finnish Academic Profession Reflect Reforms in Higher Education (Timo Aarrevaara and Seppo Holtta); (7) Academic Staff in Germany: "Per Aspera Ad Astra?" (Ulrich Teichler); (8) The Changing Academic Profession in Italy: Accounts from the Past, First Insights from the Present (Michele Rostan); (9) The Australian Academic Profession: A First Overview (Hamish Coates, Leo Goedegebuure, Jeannet Van Der Lee and Lynn Meek); (10) Governance and Decision-Making Related to Academic Activities: The Case of Higher Educational Institutions in Malaysia (Muhammad Jantan and Morshidi Sirat); (11) A Preliminary Review of the Hong Kong CAP Data (Gerard A. Postiglione and Hei Hang Hayes Tang); (12) Progress of the Academic Profession in Mainland China (Hong Chen); (13) Analyses of the Educational Backgrounds and Career Paths of Faculty in Higher Education Institutions in Beijing Municipality, China (Yan Fengqiao and Chen Yuan); (14) The Changing Academic Profession in an Era of University Reform in Japan (Tsukasa Daizen and Atsunori Yamanoi); (15) Brazilian Academic Profession: Some Recent Trends (Elizabeth Balbachevsky, Simon Schwartzman, Nathalia Novaes Alves, Dante Filipe Felgueiras dos Santos, and Tiago Silva Birkhoz Duarte); (16) Mexican Academics at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century: Who Are They and How Do They Perceive Their Work, Institutions and Public Policies (A Preliminary Analysis) (Jesus Francisco Galaz-Fontes, Laura Elena Padilla-Gonzalez, Manuel Gil-Anton, Juan Jose Sevilla-Garcia, Jose Luis Arcos-Vega, Jorge Martinez-Stack, Sergio Martinez-Romo, Gabriel Arturo Sanchez-de-Aparicio-y-Benitez, Leonardo Jimenez-Loza and Maria Elena Barrera-Bustillos); (17) The Academic Profession in Argentina: Characteristics and Trends in the Context of a Mass Higher Education System (Monica Marquina and Norberto Fernandez Lamarra); and (18) The Academic Profession in South Africa in Times of Change: Portrait from the Preliminary Results of the Changing Academic Profession (CAP) Research Project (Charste C. Wolhuter, Philip Higgs, Leonie G. Higgs, and Isaac M. Ntshoe). Appended are: (1) CAP Questionnaire; (2) Conference Program; and (3) List of Participants. Individual papers contain figures, tables, references and footnotes.

This publication contains the results of the conference "South-South Policy Dialogue on Quality Education for Adults and Young People" that took place in Mexico City in 2005. Articles were written by participants who presented their national programmes from the governmental perspective, which were reflected in the literacy policies, but there were also important contributions on basic education and competence recognition. Accent was put on the experiences of four countries that were considered as locomotives of development in the field: Brazil, India, South Africa and Mexico. Nevertheless, dialogue was also enriched by information provided by other African, Asian and Latin American countries: Angola, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Bangladesh, Thailand, China, Guatemala, Nicaragua and the Arab States as a whole. This publication contains the following papers: (1) Adult Learning: Situation, Trends and Prospects (Chris Chinien); (2) Brazil's National Programme for Adult and Youth Education (Ricardo Henriques and Timothy Ireland); (3) India's National Adult Education Programme (Satish Loomba and A. Mathew); (4) Mexico's National Adult Education Programme (Luz-Maria Castro-Mussot and Maria Luisa de Anda); (5) South Africa's National Adult Education Programme (Morongwa Ramarumo and Vernon Jacobs); (6) Adult Literacy and Learning in Bangladesh: The UNESCO and NGO Experience (Ahmadullah Mia and Wolfgang Vollmann); (7) Thailand's National Programme of Adult and Youth Education (Roong Aroon and Wilaipan Somtrakool); (8) A System of Quality Education for Adults and Youth in China (Yuquan Qiao); (9) Adult and Youth Education in Nicaragua (Nydia Veronica Gurdian and Elizabeth Navarro); (10) Challenges for the Construction of a Policy for Quality Adult and Youth Education in Guatemala (Ilda Moran de Garcia and Otto Rivera); (11) Namibia's Adult Literacy and Learning Programme (Beans Uazembua Ngatjizeko); (12) Mozambique's Literacy and Adult Education Programmes: A Sub-sector Strategy (Ernesto Muianga); (13) Educating Adults and Youth in Tanzania: Complementary Basic Education (COBET) and Integrated Community-Based Adult Education (ICBAE) (Basilina Levira and Valentino Gange); (14) The Context of Literacy Development and Adult Education in Angola (Juao Romeu and Luisa Grilo); and (15) Adult Education in the Arab Region (Seham Najem, Aicha Barki and Nour Dajani-Shehabi). Also included are: (1) Index of Persons; (2) Index of Subjects; and (3) Index of Subjects by Country. Individual papers contain figures, tables, footnotes and references. [This paper was created with the Mexican National Institute for Adult Education (INEA).]

This collection of panel proceedings is divided into five sections each of which is devoted to one panel. Panel 1 focused on mobilization, people's participation, and decentralization for "Education For All (EFA)." Panel 2 was devoted to external and internal financial resources for EFA (Government of India). Panel 3 was on girls' and women's education, women's empowerment, and population issues. Panel 4 was on education and society. The fifth panel was a special panel devoted to India's District Primary Education Program. Participating nations were Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, and Pakistan. After a scene setting discussion at the beginning of a pre-summit session when delegates considered the analysis and synthesis paper prepared by UNESCO, they spent the rest of the three day conference taking part in the four panel discussions that centered on the main themes of the forthcoming Delhi Declaration. Before the conference, delegates had been presented with background papers on the themes that were enlarged upon by panelists from the United Nations agencies and representatives and ministers of the 9 states. Together these 9 countries account for more than half the world's population and 75 percent of its illiterates. They are cradles of civilization and founts of spiritual, cultural, and philosophical knowledge that continue to have a profound influence on humanity. Despite differing cultures and historical legacies, the countries have recognized that education is at the heart of sustainable development. (DK)

This document reviews progress in the nine high-populations countries towards the goal of Education for All (EFA). The nine countries are Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, and Pakistan. Since the Thailand conference in 1990, most countries have shown improvement with primary education increasing by over 40 million students and attempts to improve educational quality. The book contains the following chapters: (1) "EFA: The Turning Point"; (2) "Education and Demography: A Critical Interaction"; (3) "EFA: The Process"; (4) "The Components of EFA: An Overview"; (5) "Towards Universal Primary Education"; (6) "Programmes for Adolescents and Adults"; (7) "Early Childhood Care and Education"; and (8) "Summing Up." A country by country analysis of educational progress is included. (EH)

These proceedings contain presentations and summaries of papers presented at a Wheat Competitiveness Conference. They begin with two presentations--"The Wheat Prototype Study within an Overall Conceptual Framework of Competitiveness" (James Langley) and "U.S. Competitiveness in the World Wheat Market: A Prototype Study" (Jerry Sharples). The 23 summaries of contributing reports are divided into four groups. Papers in the section on aggregate analysis of export supply and demand in world wheat markets are "Patterns and Trends in World Wheat Competitiveness" (Mathew Shane), "Measuring Economic Competitiveness in Trade" (Peter Perkins), "Revealed Competitive Advantage for Wheat" (Thomas Vollrath), and "Potential Growth in the World Wheat Market: The Impact of Factors Underlying Demand" (Mervin Yetley). The section on major factors affecting supply, demand, and trade on world wheat markets contains "Forces That Could Expand U.S. Wheat Exports: Estimates from a World Wheat Trade Model" (Jerry Sharples, Praveen Dixit), "Shortrun Impact of U.S. Macroeconomic Policy on the U.S. Wheat Market" (Mark Denbaly), "The Value of the Dollar and Competitiveness of U.S. Wheat Exports" (Stephen Haley, Barry Krissoff), "Protection and Liberalization in World Wheat Markets" (Nicole Ballenger, Cathy Jabara), "International Transportation and the Competitiveness of U.S. Wheat Exports" (Kay McLennan), "Enhancing the International Competitiveness of U.S. Wheat through Agricultural Research" (Ira Branson, Yao-chi Lu), "The Green Revolution for Wheat in Developing Countries" (Gary Vocke), and "Variability in Wheat Land Values of Major Exporting Countries" (John Sutton). In the section on wheat export markets and factors affecting supply, demand, and trade are "Summary of Export Markets" (John Sutton, Ron Trostle) and these summaries: "The U.S. Wheat Market" (William Lin, Robert McElroy), "The Canadian Wheat Market" (Pat Weisgerber, et al.), "The Australian Wheat Market" (Paul Johnston), "The French Wheat Market" (Mark Newman), and "The Argentine Wheat Market" (Jorge Hazera). In the section on wheat import markets and factors affecting supply, demand, and trade are "Summary of Import Markets" (James Langley, Gene Mathia) and these summaries: "The Mexican Wheat Market" (Myles Mielke), "The Brazilian Wheat Market" (Edward Allen), "The Conduct of Wheat Marketing in North Africa" (George Gardner, David Skully), "The Dynamics of China's Wheat Trade" (Frederic Surls), "The Soviet Wheat Market" (Emily Moore), and "The East European Wheat Market" (Robert Cummings). Other contents include a conference summary and comments by review panels of trade and university economists. (YLB)

The Public Relations Division of the proceedings contains the following 15 papers: "Virtual Issues in Traditional Texts: How Introductory Public Relations Textbooks Address Internet Technology Issues" (Lois A. Boynton and Cassandra Imfeld Gajkowski); "Crisis Public Relations: A Study of Leadership, Culture, Demand and Delivery" (Terence (Terry) Flynn); "An Analysis of the Relationships Among Structure, Influence, and Gender: Helping to Build a Feminist Theory of Public Relations" (Julie O'Neil); "Measuring Public Relations Outcomes: Community Relations and Corporate Philanthropy Programs" (Margarete Rooney Hall); "Journalists' Hostility Toward Public Relations: A Historical Analysis" (Fred Fedler and Denise DeLorme); "The Fools, the Wise and the Meaning Makers Understandings of Publics and Understanding Risk Perception" (Joye C. Gordon); "The Effects of Relationships on Satisfaction, Loyalty, and Future Behavior: A Case of a Community Bank" (Yungwook Kim and Samsup Jo); "In the Face of Change: A Case Study of the World Wide Web as a Public Relations Tool for Art Museums" (Nicole Elise Smith); "A Cross-Cultural View of Conflict in Media Relations: The Conflict Management Typology of Media Relations in Korea and in the US" (Jae-Hwa Shin and Glen T. Cameron); "Asking What Matters Most: A National Survey of PR Professional Response to the Contingency Model" (Jae-Hwa Shin, Glen T. Cameron, and Fritz Cropp); "Leadership and Gender in Public Relations: Perceived Effectiveness of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles" (Linda Aldoory and Elizabeth Toth);"Five Decades of Mexican Public Relations in the United States: From Propaganda to Strategic Counsel" (Melissa A. Johnson); "Toward an Inclusive Trajectory of Public Relations History: The Contributions of W.E.B. Du Bois to Nonprofit Public Relations Before the Crisis and Beyond" (Kimberly Williams Moore); "International Paradigms: The Social Role of Brazilian Public Relations Professionals" (Juan-Carlos Molleda); "Cross-National Conflict Shifting: A Conceptualization and Expansion in an International Public Relations Context" (Juan-Carlos Molleda and Colleen Connolly-Ahern). (RS)