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Showing total 3,348 results
Start Over Publication Type Reports Publisher congressional research service (crs) reports and issue briefs
3,348 results

1. Design of United States Paper Currency

Author

Straus, Jacob R. and Reese, Shawn

Subjects
United States. Federal Reserve Board -- Powers and duties, United States. Secret Service -- Powers and duties, United States. Congress -- Powers and duties, Money -- Decoration and finishing, Dollar (United States) -- Decoration and finishing
Abstract

Updated February 13, 2023 Paper money has officially been part of United States currency since the Continental Congress authorized a $2 note in June 1776. These first notes were designed […]

Published
2023

2. COVID-19: Commercial Paper Market Strains and Federal Government Support

Author

Miller, Rena S.

Subjects
United States. Securities and Exchange Commission -- Powers and duties, United States. Federal Reserve Board -- Powers and duties, Epidemics -- Economic aspects -- United States, Bank loans -- Laws, regulations and rules, Commercial paper -- Evaluation, Government regulation
Abstract

April 13, 2020 What Is Commercial Paper and Why Is It Important? As COVID-19 spread rapidly in the United States, fears of its economic effects led to strains in the […]

Published
2020

3. Design of United States Paper Currency

Author

Straus, Jacob R., Reese, Shawn, and Nagel, Jared C.

Subjects
United States. Department of the Treasury -- Powers and duties, United States. Federal Reserve Board -- Powers and duties, United States. Congress -- Powers and duties, Paper money -- Decoration and finishing -- Laws, regulations and rules, Counterfeiting (Money) -- Laws, regulations and rules, Dollar (United States) -- Decoration and finishing, Government regulation
Abstract

January 23, 2020 Paper money has officially been part of United States currency since the Continental Congress authorized a $2 note in June 1776. These first notes were designed as […]

Published
2020

4. 'Tracing Papers': A Comparison of COVID-19 Data Privacy Bills

Author

Liu, Edward C.

Subjects
Privacy, Right of -- Laws, regulations and rules, Epidemics -- Control -- United States, Contact tracing -- Forecasts and trends -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Market trend/market analysis
Abstract

June 26, 2020 As COVID-19 continues to spread, many public health authorities are turning to contact tracing--measures to identify, notify, and monitor infected individuals' contacts--to track potential COVID-19 exposure. Along […]

Published
2020

5. Black liquor

Subjects
Sulfate waste liquor -- Laws, regulations and rules, Energy industry -- Taxation, Government regulation
Abstract

Issue Definition Tax incentives for renewable energy are often seen as necessary to encourage deployment and adoption of what are newly developed technologies and processes. With renewable biofuels, the concept […]

Published
2010

6. Stablecoins: Legal Issues and Regulatory Options (Part 1)

Author

Sykes, Jay B.

Subjects
United States. Securities and Exchange Commission -- Powers and duties, United States. Congress -- Powers and duties, Crypto-currencies -- Laws, regulations and rules, Securities law -- Evaluation, Money market funds -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation
Abstract

June 9, 2022 In 2008, the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto released a white paper describing a peer-to-peer system of electronic cash. The product of that paper--Bitcoin--now boasts a market capitalization of […]

Published
2022

7. Larger Businesses and COVID-19: Financial Relief and Assistance Resources

Author

Jennings, Julie

Subjects
United States. Department of the Treasury -- Powers and duties, United States. Federal Reserve Board -- Powers and duties, Epidemics -- Economic aspects -- United States, Corporate bonds -- Laws, regulations and rules, Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020, Government regulation
Abstract

Updated January 13, 2021 This CRS Insight presents selected resources and CRS products on economic relief and assistance for medium and large businesses that were directly affected by the Coronavirus […]

Published
2021

8. COVID-19 and the U.S. Timber Industry

Author

Riddle, Anne A.

Subjects
Epidemics -- Economic aspects -- United States, Economic conditions -- Forecasts and trends, Lumber industry -- Industry sales and revenue -- Industry forecasts -- Production data, Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020, Market trend/market analysis
Abstract

December 10, 2020 Contents Introduction The U.S. Timber Industry Effects of COVID-19 on the Timber Industry Timber Harvesting Processing and Manufacturing Trade Lumber Paper Products COVID-19 and Timber Harvesting on […]

Published
2020

9. Defense Primer: U.S. Policy on Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems

Author

Sayler, Kelley M.

Subjects
United States. Department of Defense -- Powers and duties, Weapons systems -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Usage, Defense industry -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Defense industry, Government
Abstract

Updated February 1, 2024 Lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS) are a special class of weapon systems that use sensor suites and computer algorithms to independently identify a target and employ [...]

Published
2024

10. COVID-19 and the U.S. Timber Industry

Author

Riddle, Anne A.

Subjects
United States. Congress -- Powers and duties, Epidemics -- Economic aspects -- United States, Lumber industry -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Government finance, Domestic economic assistance -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Government finance, Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020, Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021, Government regulation
Abstract

Updated July 29, 2021 The timber industry is a diverse commodity industry, wherein cut trees (timber) are converted to a wide variety of articles made from wood (wood products). The […]

Published
2021

11. Congressional Court Watcher: Recent Appellate Decisions of Interest to Lawmakers (October 23, 2023-October 29, 2023)

Author

Garcia, Michael John and Gardey, Rosemary W.

Subjects
Legislators -- Political activity -- Political aspects, Constitutional law -- Political aspects, Appellate courts -- Political aspects, Appellate procedure -- Political aspects
Abstract

October 30, 2023 The federal courts issue hundreds of decisions every week in cases involving diverse legal disputes. This Sidebar series selects decisions from the past week that may be […]

Published
2023

12. Federal Reserve: Emergency Lending

Author

Labonte, Marc

Subjects
United States. Federal Reserve Board -- Powers and duties, United States. Congress -- Powers and duties, Epidemics -- Control -- Economic aspects -- United States, Government lending -- Laws, regulations and rules, Financial services industry -- Laws, regulations and rules, Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, Federal Reserve Act, Government regulation, Financial services industry
Abstract

Updated March 27, 2020 Contents Introduction History of Section 13(3) Use of Section 13(3) in 2020 in Response to COVID-19 Use of Section 13(3) in 2008 Broadly Based Facilities Special […]

Published
2020

13. Biomass: Comparison of Definitions in Legislation

Author

Bracmort, Kelsi

Subjects
United States. Congress -- Powers and duties, Power resources -- Environmental aspects -- Laws, regulations and rules, Alternative energy sources -- Laws, regulations and rules, Biomass -- Environmental aspects -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Usage, Powerplant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978, Energy Security Act of 1980, Government regulation
Abstract

Updated June 27, 2019 Contents Introduction Biomass Legislative History Analysis of Biomass Definitions Potential Issues for Biomass Feedstock Development Proposed Modification of the Biomass Definition Tables Table 1. Biomass Definitions […]

Published
2019

14. Criminal Prohibitions on Leaks and Other Disclosures of Classified Defense Information

Author

Mulligan, Stephen P. and Elsea, Jennifer K.

Subjects
Defense information, Classified -- Laws, regulations and rules, National security -- Laws, regulations and rules, Freedom of speech -- Laws, regulations and rules, Disclosure of information -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Evaluation, Freedom of the press -- Laws, regulations and rules, Espionage -- Laws, regulations and rules, Espionage Act of 1917, United States Constitution. 1st Amendment, Government regulation
Abstract

Updated May 11, 2023 Contents Statutory Protection of Classified Information The Espionage Act Section 793: General Protection of National Defense Information Section 794: "Classic Spying" Cases Section 795-797: Images of […]

Published
2023

15. Defense Primer: U.S. Policy on Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems

Author

Sayler, Kelley M.

Subjects
United States. Department of Defense -- Powers and duties, Weapons systems -- Forecasts and trends -- Laws, regulations and rules, Defense industry -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Technology application, Government regulation, Defense industry, Market trend/market analysis, Technology application
Abstract

Updated May 15, 2023 Lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS) are a special class of weapon systems that use sensor suites and computer algorithms to independently identify a target and employ […]

Published
2023

16. Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H): Overview and Selected Issues

Author

Sekar, Kavya and Gallo, Marcy E.

Subjects
United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency -- Powers and duties, United States. National Institutes of Health -- Finance, United States. Department of Health and Human Services -- Powers and duties, United States. Congress -- Powers and duties, Medical research -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Government finance, Medicine, Experimental -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Government finance, Government regulation, Company financing
Abstract

May 23, 2023 Introduction Overview of the Biden Administration's ARPA-H Proposal Congressional Action Executive Action Selected Policy and Oversight Issues Independence and Autonomy Questions and Considerations for Congress Defining ARPA-H's […]

Published
2023

17. The Twenty-Seventh Amendment and Congressional Compensation Part 4: Proposal and Ratification

Author

Murrill, Brandon J.

Subjects
United States. Congress -- Powers and duties, Epidemics -- Control -- United States, Legislators -- Laws, regulations and rules, Fines (Penalties) -- Laws, regulations and rules, Wages -- Laws, regulations and rules, United States Constitution. 27th Amendment, Ethics Reform Act of 1989, Government regulation, Salary
Abstract

March 14, 2023 This Legal Sidebar post is the fourth in a six-part series that discusses the Twenty-Seventh Amendment to the Constitution, which prevents laws that modify Members of Congress's […]

Published
2023

18. How Stable Are Stablecoins?

Author

Su, Eva

Subjects
United States. Securities and Exchange Commission -- Powers and duties, Crypto-currencies -- Evaluation -- Laws, regulations and rules, Online assets -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Evaluation, Government regulation
Abstract

July 28, 2021 Stablecoins are a type of digital asset generally designed to maintain a stable value by linking its value to another asset or a basket of assets. The […]

Published
2021

19. Fiscal Policy and Recovery from the COVID-19 Recession

Author

Gravelle, Jane G. and Marples, Donald J.

Subjects
Epidemics -- Economic aspects -- United States, Fiscal policy -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Influence, Economic recovery -- Forecasts and trends, Recessions -- Management, Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act of 2020, Government regulation, Company business management, Market trend/market analysis
Abstract

Updated February 1, 2021 Contents Introduction State of the Economy and the Fiscal Response to Date Estimated Effect of Recently Enacted Policies Considerations for Policies Going Forward How Fiscal Policy […]

Published
2021

20. Using the Federal Income Tax System to Deliver Cash Assistance to Families: Policy Considerations

Author

Crandall-Hollick, Margot L. and Cooper, Cheryl R.

Subjects
United States. Department of the Treasury -- Powers and duties, United States. Internal Revenue Service -- Powers and duties, United States. Congress -- Tax policy, Retirement benefits -- Laws, regulations and rules, Tax credits -- Laws, regulations and rules, Social security -- Laws, regulations and rules, Tax collection -- Laws, regulations and rules, Income tax -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation
Abstract

Selected Policy Considerations Issue Policy Considerations The Application for Tax Benefits Some information on the 1040 Is the Federal Income Tax Return (i.e., various forms of income) can be accurately […]

Published
2023