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The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has recommended to the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) that marijuana be rescheduled to Schedule III of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). HHS concluded that cannabis is not as risky or prone to abuse as other Schedule I substances and has potential medical benefits. This recommendation is significant as it represents a pivotal moment in U.S. federal drug policy. The rescheduling of cannabis would have wide-ranging effects on the legal, banking and financing, taxation, and medical and scientific research aspects of the cannabis industry. However, there is opposition to the rescheduling, and the DEA will conduct its own assessment before making a decision. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on the intellectual contributions and philosophical perspective of Mauro Ceruti, emphasizing his multidisciplinary approach to understanding human complexity and societal challenges. It highlights Ceruti's advocacy for a new planetary humanism that embraces diversity, promotes education reform, and fosters a consciousness of humanity's collective destiny.

We use a square inside another to provide two geometric series dissection proofs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a collection of letters from readers published in the New Scientist. The letters cover a range of topics, including climate change, extending human lifespans, navigation devices, geoengineering, the potential impact of a passing star on Earth, animal behavior, artificial intelligence, the true cost of products, and car culture. The letters provide diverse perspectives on these subjects, offering insights and raising questions for further exploration. [Extracted from the article]

Dinosaur tracks are a key means of determining the palaeoecology and distribution of dinosaurs through time. They provide an information source that is highly complementary to the body (skeletal) fossil record, but differ in preserving direct evidence of the animals' interactions with their environment. The UK has a rich history of c. 200 years of dinosaur track discovery, but no recent synthesis exists. Here, we present a new dataset of dinosaur tracks in the UK. This dataset shows a close correlation between the distribution of terrestrial sediments and the preservation of dinosaur tracks through the Mesozoic, providing discrete snapshots into dinosaur communities in the Late Triassic, Mid-Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. The dinosaur track record shows similar broad patterns of diversity and relative abundance of the major dinosaur groups (Theropoda, Sauropodomorpha, Ornithopoda and Thyreophora) through time to the body fossil record, although it differs in that body fossils are also found (albeit infrequently) in marine sediments. There is a broad trend towards higher numbers of track occurrences through time and a notable increase in the relative abundance of ornithopod tracks following the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary. The track record remains an underutilized resource with the potential to provide a much fuller view of Mesozoic dinosaur ecosystems. Supplementary material: Our new UK dinosaur track database, the PBDB body fossil record and the relative abundance of non-marine/marine rocks in England and Wales used in this study are provided in Supplementary Tables 1–3, respectively, the R-code used to analyse the data and generate Figures 2 and 3 and Supplementary Figures 1–4 is given in Supplementary Information 1 and 2, and are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6606634 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new hybrid evolutionary algorithm named Kernel-based Hybrid Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm (KHMO) is introduced in this work. The main novelty of this algorithm is its updating rule based on the concept of a reproducing kernel in order to properly approximate the numerical gradient. In addition, a novel numerical strategy based on the computation of a normal vector to determine a searching target direction that guides the nondominanted solutions into more propitious regions is also introduced for the first time. IGD and HV metrics are used to evaluate the performance of KHMO algorithm against other competitive multi-objective methods such as MRBFO, FDEA-I, VMEF, BiasMOSaDE and GAMODE tested on ZDT and CEC 2009 problems. Moreover, the Wilcoxon test is carried out as a comparative statistical analysis in order to detect if a significant difference exists with respect to the rest of the algorithms. The corresponding numerical results showed that the introduced KHMO algorithm gains the best overall performance among all the compared algorithms in terms of diversity, coverage and convergence in most problems. Moreover, IGD and HV curves reveal a respectable convergence rate since nearly 200 iterations are enough to offer quality solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide two visual proofs of the two-variable harmonic mean-geometric mean-arithmetic mean-quadratic mean inequalities: one using a center of mass model and one using moments of mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of healing divides in society, particularly those that affect communities of color. It emphasizes the need for collective action and acknowledges the role that philanthropy can play in addressing past oppression and redistributing resources. The author highlights the concept of reparative philanthropy, which calls for acknowledging past harm and working towards collective healing. The article also addresses the fear and resistance that can arise when addressing racial equity, and emphasizes the importance of a steadfast commitment to racial equity in philanthropy. [Extracted from the article]

This article from U.S. Catholic explores the question of whether there are any reasons why people should not receive the Eucharist. Various perspectives are presented, with some individuals stating that people should not receive the Eucharist if they do not believe in its significance or if they are not in a state of grace. Others argue that there is no reason to withhold the Eucharist, except in cases of witchcraft or contagious illness. The article emphasizes that while the Catechism of the Catholic Church provides reasons, individuals should not judge others' worthiness. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on correcting an interpretation regarding Paul's tribal affiliation in the Bible including Andrew Tobolowsky's assertion of Paul's repeated identification as the tribe of Benjamin, the clarification that in Acts 13:21, Paul is referencing the tribal affiliation of Saul.

A new hybrid metaheuristic method is proposed which is inspired from the recently proposed gradient-evolution method. This study introduces for the first time the concept of reproducing kernel in order to correctly estimate the numerical gradient which is used as an updating rule. This proposed method is called Kernel-based Gradient Evolution (GE) which inherits good exploration and exploitation abilities as well as non localization through several operators taken from the original gradient-evolution algorithm. In the proposed KGE algorithm the gradient vector is computed using a kernel reproducing function. Thus the local gradient estimation is numerically computed considering a local Taylor series expansion. The IEEE CEC 2019 test suite is considered in order to evaluate the numerical performance of the proposed KGE algorithm. A numerical comparison between some competitive methods and the one proposed in this work is reported. The obtained numerical results suggested that in terms of convergence, KGE algorithm performs in most cases significantly better than the original GE algorithm and gets respectable results against other considered methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with filmmakers Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert is presented. Topics discussed include emotional rollercoaster film "Everything Everywhere All at Once" is about a mother and daughter attempting to mend their broken relationship via hopping through infinite parallel universes; National Diploma in audiovisual design at art college and had a thing on film "Last Night in Soho" where a location decided to turf.

Barry Maletzky Portland, Ore. SHAGHOULIAN REPLIES: I am a perennial optimist: our ability to understand quantum mechanics and Einstein's general theory of relativity far beyond what is needed evolutionarily gives me hope that we will understand the cosmos as well. In " A Tale of Two Horizons", Edgar Shag-houlian provides an intriguing alternative view of black holes and our entire cosmos as well. Perhaps the universe is not only stranger than we understand; it may be stranger than we can understand. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on process development for the production of starter cultures for use in food fermentation. Topics include the fermentation has been used for millennia to preserve and unlock the nutritional content of foods and beverages, as well as to contribute desirable attributes in the base ingredients, and the commercial manufacturers moved to more controlled fermentation processes to ensure consistent product quality, increased food safety and reduced manufacturing cost.

• SPH-CSF simulation to the two-phase bubble rising solver. • Characterization of deformation stages of several bubbles regimes. • Exploration of bubble-sidewalls deformation, viscosity, and tension coefficient. • Observation of breakup and tails formation in the bubble. • Local vortexes shedding zones associated with interface bubble-liquid-wall. [Display omitted] This work presents a numerical study of the simulation of bi-phasic flow for a bubble rising in the viscous liquid. A 2D model is employed via Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). The liquid/bubble capillary interaction must be taken into account, implementing adequate properties of density, viscosity, and surface tension at the interface. Likewise, the simulation results are evaluated with numerical and experimental measurements from the literature in terms of terminal bubble morphology. These results are characterized by the variation of the dynamic parameters, such as the Reynold number (Re ≤ 50), Eötvös number (Eo ≤ 200), density ratio (Φ ≤ 1000), SPH resolution size (Δ x ≤ 1 / 500), and the ratio between cavity width and the bubble diameter (β ≤ 8). Consequently, it is explored the independence of sidewalls on a single bubble rising, these results display different shapes and vortex regimes between the circular, ellipsoidal, and cap morphologies. Furthermore, The behavior of the bubble deformations during the high or low influence of sidewall is shown throughout cases with lateral instabilities, such as tails, break-up, and satellite bubble formation. Finally, It is demonstrated that the bi-phase SPH algorithm is robust enough, providing qualitative and quantitative information about global typical characteristics of a single rising bubble. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on hearing the band Social Science being named DownBeat's Jazz Group of the Year. Topics include winning Grammys four times over and directing a pathbreaking institute for gender equity at Berklee; and recording charts by women composers published in her lead-sheet anthology.

This work discusses the synthesis and design methodology of high-order and frequency-tunable low-pass active-R filter architectures for multi-standard wireless applications. Active-R filters use the inherent integrator-like behavior of amplifiers to realize their frequency response. The main advantages of this type of filter are high-frequency performance and a low integrated area. Active-R filters only need the Miller capacitor used in internally compensated amplifiers. In this work, amplifiers with configurable unity-gain frequencies enable the continuous tuning of active-R filters. Three different filter architectures realize a fifth-order Butterworth prototype tunable in the 1–50 MHz frequency range. These filters are designed, fabricated, and tested using the TSMC 0.18 μm process. Each fifth-order filter consumes power in the range 7.45 mW to 9.38 mW from a 1.8 V supply and has an integrated area ≤ 0.33 mm2. Compared with state-of-the-art active filters, the filters presented in this work have the largest tuning range without linearity degradation and the smallest area per tuning range ratio. Also, the measured filters show a competitive FoM 153.3 dB/J when operating at high frequencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the impact of monogamy on human evolution. Topics include the presence of monogamy in different hominin species, sexual exclusivity among mammals, and how monogamy became central to human society. Information is provided on the creation of human networks throughout history, the importance of group ties, and mating behavior of humans.

Abstract: In this paper, the bilateral teleoperation with haptic feedback is studied under the phase transition between the constraint and unconstraint motions. The stability of the teleoperation with both force feedback and phase transition is proven by Lyapunov–Krasovskii method and hybrid systems theory. The conditions of the theory results are more general than the others, they are time-varying delays, nonlinear systems, force feedback, and phase transition. By using the admittance control, the application results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed control method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study conducted by biologists at the University of New South Wales has found that eastern grey kangaroos can form lasting social bonds, particularly between adult females. The researchers analyzed over 3,500 photographs taken over six years and identified 130 individual kangaroos. They found that 71% of these kangaroos were part of at least one social network, with certain adult females with joeys having the largest number of social connections. These social bonds may help protect the kangaroos from predators and aggressive advances by males. The study highlights the underestimated social organization and complexity of non-human animals. [Extracted from the article]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including oral poetics, work of linguist and anthropologist Edward Sapir, and linguistics.

Objective. Describe patterns in the dissemination of fake news in the context of COVID-19 mortality and infodemic management in six Latin American countries. Methods. A descriptive ecological study explored the percentage of the population that is unable to recognize fake news, the percentage who trust social network content, and the percentage who use it as their sole news source in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, up to 29 November 2020. Internet penetration rate, Facebook penetration rate, and COVID-19 mortality were calculated for each country. Information was obtained from literature searches and government and news portals in the selected countries, according to the World Health Organization's five proposed action areas: identifying evidence, translating knowledge and science, amplifying action, quantifying impact, and coordination and governance. Results. Chile and Argentina were the countries with the greatest internet penetration rates (92.4% and 92.0%, respectively) and were also among the heaviest users of social media as their only means of obtaining news (32.0% and 28.0%, respectively). Brazil and Colombia showed intermediate behavior for both indicators. Mexico had the highest use of social networks, while Peru and Colombia had the highest indices of inability to recognize fake news. Conclusions. It was observed that in countries with less use of social networks as the sole means for obtaining information and less trust in social network content, mortality was also lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a new class of ring oscillator (RO)-based filters that address linearity and process variance limitation of existing RO-based filters. A highly-linear process-tolerant RO filter topology is achieved by imitating the widely known active-RC topology in the phase domain. We propose utilizing a set of frequency detectors (FDs) and phase detectors (PDs) to extract both the frequency and phase information of an inverter-based RO to synthesize active filters in a way similar to integrator-based active-RC filters, which are synthesized using a set of capacitors and resistors, respectively. A zero compensation technique is proposed to extend the achievable bandwidth of the proposed topology. Also, a delay-locked loop (DLL)-based tuning scheme is introduced to achieve resilience over PVT variations. A prototype 5th-order, 2–22 MHz continuous-time Butterworth filter is presented in 130 nm CMOS technology to demonstrate the proposed topology. The filter consumes 6.2–8.9 mA from a 1 V supply and achieves 26.2 dB in-band IIP3. The filter achieves bandwidth variation less than ±3.5% over a temperature range of −40 °C to 85 °C and supply voltage range of 0.9–1.2 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study related to the positive effects of algae-based astaxanthin in old age. It mentions that Vitamin D is essential for a healthy bone metabolism, the immune system, cardiovascular health, muscle growth and mental health. It mentions center of metabolic process is the intestine, the fructose, a sugar found in fruits, honey and corn syrup breaks down before it gets into the liver and does damage.

The poem "'Smoke and Mirrors" by Stephen Edgar is presented. First Line: That worst of summers, Last Line: And not to pause, lest it be lost to mind.

The poem "Fixer," by Edgar Kunz is presented. First Line: We're breaking into your apartment; Last Line: unremarkable. The airway is clear.

The article presents a study aimed at analyzing the positive influence of algae-based astaxanthin on immune system of human body. Topics discussed include influence of coronavirus pandemic on globalization, global spread of the virus, vaccine developed for its treatment and expectations of returning to normal life.

The long seaside meadow at woodward point in, Brunswick, Maine, goes silent as visitors arrive, but after holding its breath for a few seconds, it comes back to life. Since 1970, through land donations and the purchase of both property and conservation easements, MCHT has protected more than 150,000 acres from development, including 327 islands. In 1987, the year it first held land itself, MCHT also helped pass the first $35 million Land for Maine's Future bond, the state's primary public land conservation program. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents the discussion on Astaxanthin is a natural red pigment found in marine organisms such as microalgae, crustaceans, fish, and certain birds. Topics include unique ability to penetrate both the blood-brain barrier and the blood-retina barrier, allowing it to exert its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects directly in the brain; and distributed throughout the body, providing protective benefits to every cell, organ, muscle, joint, and the skin.

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate different multi-objective optimization (MOO) approaches for design and control of electromagnetic devices. The main goal of MOO is to find the set of design variables or control parameters which will provide the best possible values of typical conflicting objective functions. Design/methodology/approach: In the research studies, standard genetic algorithm (GA), non-dominated sorting GA (NSGA-II), migration NSGA algorithm and alternance method of optimal control theory are discussed and compared. Findings: The test practical problems of multi-criteria optimization of induction heating processes with respect to chosen quality criteria confirm the effectiveness of application of considered MOO approaches both for the problems of design and control. Originality/value: This paper represents and investigates different MOO approaches for design and control of electrotechnological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article informs that importance of library support for student scholarly communication initiatives which further underlines the need for better preparing Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) students for such work. It mentions that Scholarly Communication and Open Access Publishing analyze Library & Information Science Research and become involved in scholarly publishing initiatives.

Phenomena involving bubble flow have an important role in numerous applications such as mixing, separation, filtration and cooling. When two different phases are treated as liquids–gas, the surface tension and buoyancy must be taken into account. An alternative is proposed to simulate flow for two or more phases, using bubbles formation and the Navier–Stokes equations in a Lagrangian formalism via smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). It is a mesh-free method useful for applications with interface flow. Therefore, we have presented a set of numerical methodologies for SPH in multiphases. Surface tension interface is modeled using the continuum surface force (CSF) method. In order to avoid tension instability and interface penetrations, a background pressure based on the initial pressure between phases is included in the formulation. This model is implemented inside the prediction–correction of time upgrade scheme. Examples of bubble rising around the fluid due to the gravitational force are rarely analyzed in the SPH literature, especially to parameterize density, viscosity, surface coefficient, particle size and boundary conditions. Thus, this work focus on the analysis of these parameters and their effects on the morphology, displacement and velocity of the bubble simulations. Finally, results demonstrate a good numerical stability and adequate multiphase description. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the research strategy of Harvard university graduate student Grant Hall who began his chemical tracing of cacao at a Maya site of Río Azul in Guatemala in 1984. The identification of theobromine as a chemical marker for detecting trace amounts of cacao in pottery, which was made by Hershey Company's analytical chemist W. Jeffrey Hurst, is discussed. Related studies by epigrapher David Stuart and University of Texas graduate student Terry Powis are noted. INSET: Making Chocolate.

The article discusses the usage of electric plasma engines in spacecraft. The engines' application of electric and electromagnetic fields to plasma clouds in order to create thrust is described. The prediction that future electric plasma engines will be able to propel spacecraft to greater speeds for the same amount of propellant as conventional chemical fuel-burning rockets is also noted. INSETS: Chemical vs. Electric Rockets;EARLY HISTORY OF ELECTRIC ROCKETS;The Proven Plasma Propulsion Workhorse;The Latest Plasma Engine Contender

The article discusses the digital business ecosystem (DBE), defining the DBE as a concept and technology designed to provide a flexible infrastructure which will tie a region's economic development to the support of its local trade and industry by developing software. By creating a DBE, the authors indicate, local infrastructures will federate regional cooperation by developing nodes of innovation and by integrating pan-European initiatives. Also discussed are the software methodologies used and biological concepts of self-organization.

The article discusses an archaeology site at Pinnacle Point, South Africa known as Cave 13B. The site was occupied by humans as early as 164,000 years ago and early hominins in the area survived almost entirely on land-based plants and animals like shellfish. The author states that tools and shellfish remains found at the site suggest a culture of hunter-gatherers. Symbols found in the cave suggest an impulse to create art and speak a language.