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Drip method of irrigation (DMI) has the potential to save substantial water and electrical energy as well as increase the productivity of crops. Studies conducted on different high value crops have confirmed the various benefits of DMI. However, not many studies have researched the income and resource impact of drip irrigation including its benefit-cost pattern using survey data in crops like groundnut, which is an important oilseed crop in India. In this paper, an attempt has been made to fill this gap by using survey data collected from a waterscarce district from Tamil Nadu State in India. The results show that DMI can save about 34% of cultivation cost, 36% of water and electrical energy and increase about 79% of productivity over the same crop cultivated under conventional flood method of irrigation. The drip adopters are also able to generate an additional farm business income of Rs 25,911/acre (1 USD = INR 74.92, 1 acre = 4,047 m²) over the non-drip adopters. The net present worth and benefit-cost ratio estimated using discounted cash flow technique shows that investment in drip irrigation is economically highly viable for groundnut cultivating farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on a report on higher education which highlighted financial struggles including that small colleges with a sustained three-year growth rate of less than 2 percent increased fivefold, to 50 percent, from 2006 to 2014; and mentions more than two-thirds of financial officers at four-year private colleges reported their tuition discount rate was unsustainable.

When valuing companies on a discounted cash-flow basis, both academics and practitioners frequently use a formulation based on Modigliani and Miller (1963) and the CAPM (Sharpe, 1964) propositions to estimate the appropriate rate of return to be used. The so-called Beta-levered calculation process can be seen as an example of the former and the Hamada (1969) proposal, which is also frequently used when it can be assumed that Debt is fully guaranteed, is coherent with this approach. We propose an alternative formulation more coherent with Miller's (1977) propositions, in order to reduce the distortion in the levered Beta calculation when only Corporate Tax effect is taken into account (which is the case of the Hamada equation). In this paper, we show the importance (and sign) of the aforementioned distortion and present a sensitivity analysis related to the most important variables involved in a firm's under-pricing or overpricing bias: leverage, of both the studied company and the reference company; tax rates in Personal Income Tax (which is related to the extent of the imperfection in the Tax System as a whole); and the expected growth rate for the company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines Section 548 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code which helps trustees avoid fraudulent asset transfers, highlighting the balance sheet test. It provides a background of the fraudulent transfer law which originated from the Statute of Elizabeth in 1571. It explores fraudulent transfers of assets as well as several insolvency tests. Other topics include liquidation value, return on assets, and discount rates.

The article focuses on the need to understand business valuation and estimate market value of a company. Topics discussed include role of tangible and intangible assets to determine value of the business, focus of the business to raise capital from stakeholders like debt holders and equity holders, and funds provided by equity holders to the business without the business incurring debt.

The article discusses that the investors looking at public firms in such projected hyper-growth markets are focused on making valuation and stock-buying decisions on "out years. It mentions that the Autotech, or more broadly transportation technology, has seen huge inflows of funds from private firms for several years and in recent months a crush of flows in the public markets largely due to special purpose acquisition corporation (SPAC) mergers.

The article looks at a study by the Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) on financial investment decision making in the motion picture industry, focusing on the real options method of project analysis. A real options approach to capital investment is compared with a discounted cash flow (DCF) model. Topics discussed include the value of motion picture sequels, film advertising spending, and real options use in other sectors such as the pharmaceutical, paper, or construction industries.

The article offers a primer on discount rates, the second in a four-part series addressing the complex issues bankruptcy professionals encounter when dealing with fraudulent conveyance claims and other issues related to analyzing solvency. It discusses some of the fundamental rate determination with which litigators should be familiar with. The article also explains weighted average cost of capital, including its tax effect and elaborates on U.S. Treasury Yield curve and operating leases.

The article features the signficance of discounted cash flow (DCF) in determining the worth of businesses in the U.S. There are several methods used to evaluate the value of a business, some are based on the assets of the business while others are based on earnings, profitability, dividends or cash flow. It states that DCF views the value of the business from the perspective of the investor. Discussed are the details in obtaining DCF.

The article demonstrates how using weighted average cost of capital in the capitalization formula can overstate the value of equity, at least as leverage is decreasing. It says that the capitalization formula with weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is universally used in business valuation because it is quick and convenient.

In this article the author discusses the advantages of using the discounted cash flow business valuation method. He notes that the number one advantage of this method is its simplicity, adding that in business the simple approaches are often overlooked. He asserts that this method works best for small to mid-sized nonpublic companies. He discusses how by using a combination of prior cash flow statements, tax returns, and business and economic assumptions you can predict future cash flows and yield solid valuations. He also provides a four-step process that walks the reader through the process and teaches them to make their own valuations.

Focuses on the use of discounted fuzzy system versus probabilistic cash flow for capital budgeting techniques. Development of the probability distribution for measuring effectiveness; Estimation of cash amounts and interest rates using educated guesses; Expansion of cash flows to geometric and trigonometric cash flows.

Elaborates on the idea that Markov decision processes (MDP) with discounted cost are equivalent to processes with a finite-random duration and that the discount factor models a time horizon for the life of the process. Concept of the discounted MDP; Mixed discount MDP.

This article focuses on tools a company uses in selecting projects. It mentions that certain instruments used in projecting cash flow and cost of capital are the discounted cash flow (DCF) and weighted average cost of capital (WACC). It cites that five years is the usual interval used in projecting cash flows in a venture. Certain models are applied in deriving cash flows including the perpetuity growth model. In forecasting the WACC, there are tools such as capital asset pricing model (CAPM), 10-year Treasury note and 90-day Treasury bill.

The article focuses on the "2013 Current Trends in Estimating and Applying the Cost of Capital" report from the U.S. Association for Financial Professionals (AFP). Big movements in discounted cash flow figures are created by small changes in cost of capital, according to the report. In addition, the report found that majority of organizations continue to use the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) for estimating their equity cost.

The article reports that three new booklets are available from the Professional Accountants in Business (PAIB) Committee of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). "The Crucial Roles of Professional Accountants in Business in Mid-Sized Enterprises," "Preface to IFAC's International Good Practice Guidance," and "Project Appraisal Using Discounted Cash Flow" are available at the IFAC online bookstore.

Discusses the theory of Residual Income Valuation Model (RIM). How RIM compares to the traditional method for corporate valuation, the discounted cash flow model (DCF); Comment of Dan Thornton, financial accounting professor at Queen's School of Business, about RIM and the valuation approach called Economic Value Added (EVA); View of forensic accountant, Al Rosen, that the RIM model has a flaw; The role of Jerry Feltham, a Sauder School of Business professor, in originating the RIM or Feltham-Ohlson model.

Suggests that business owners should put their companies through a regular valuation process. Sectors with high demand for acquisition; Views of David Malizia, managing director of Florida Capital Partners, on comparing business valuations; Benefits of using a discounted cash flow model to value the company.

The article discusses real options analysis for valuations of corporate finances. The article comments that the discounted-cash-flow (DCF) approach and the net-present-value (NPV) method undervalue assets and potential projects. The benefits of using real options analysis when considering small, potentially high growth companies and any internal company project is discussed. Resources for real options analysis are provided.

Reports on a study examining the types of shareholder information demanded by the biggest institutional investors in the United States, Britain, and continental Europe, compared with what firms actually disclose. Free cash flow as the number one measure that investors want to know about; Its role in determining a share's long-term value despite the efforts of managers to discredit the notion.