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According to a study from Huddinge, Sweden, 'Recently, a new set of pattern-recognition receptors, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (Nod)-like receptors (NLRs), have emerged. Their activation, either by allergens or microbes, [...]

A report, 'Nod1/Nod2-mediated recognition plays a critical role in induction of adaptive immunity to anthrax after aerosol exposure,' is newly published data in Infection and Immunity. 'Toll-like receptors and Nod-like [...]

Fresh data on biological chemistry are presented in the report 'Three-dimensional structure of the NLRP7 pyrin domain: insight into pyrin-pyrin-mediated effector domain signaling in innate immunity.' 'The innate immune system [...]

Researchers detail in 'Comparison of two mice strains, A/J and C57BL/6, in caspase-1 activity and IL-1beta secretion of macrophage to Mycobacterium leprae infection,' new data in Mycobacterium leprae. 'A/J mice [...]

Scientists discuss in 'Nlrc4/Ipaf/CLAN/CARD12: more than a flagellin sensor' new findings in cell biology. 'Nlrc4 is a member of the Nod-like receptors (NLRs), a family of cytosolic receptors involved in [...]

'Pathogens localized extracellularly or incorporated into endosomes are recognized mainly by Toll-like receptors, whereas pathogens and pathogen-derived molecules that invade into the cytoplasm of host cells typically are recognized by [...]