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By offering consumers both a means to pay for goods and services and a source of credit to finance such purchases, credit cards have become the most widely used credit [...]

Incidence of Higher-Priced Lending by Race, Ethnicity, and Sex Overall, the reported incidence of higher-priced lending was about 50 basis points lower in 2012 than in 2011 (data for 2011 [...]

The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) requires most mortgage lending institutions with offices in metropolitan areas to disclose to the public detailed information about their home-lending activity each [...]

Since 1976, most mortgage lending institutions with offices in metropolitan areas have been required under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) to disclose detailed information about their home-lending [...]

The Continuing Role of Government in the Mortgage Market The HMDA data for 2008 and 2009 showed that the share of new mortgage loans either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by [...]

The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) is a consumer protection statute requiring most mortgage lending institutions with offices in metropolitan areas to publicly disclose detailed information about their [...]

Data made available annually pursuant to the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) provide an opportunity to explore changes in mortgage market activity along a host of dimensions. (1) [...]

The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) requires most mortgage lending institutions with offices in metropolitan areas to publicly disclose information about their home-lending activity. The information includes the [...]

[Note: This article is forthcoming in the Federal Reserve Bulletin.] The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) requires most mortgage lending institutions with offices in metropolitan areas to publicly [...]

The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) requires most mortgage lending institutions with offices in metropolitan areas to publicly disclose information about their home-lending activity. The information includes characteristics [...]

Since 1975, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) has required public disclosures from most mortgage lending institutions with offices in metropolitan areas. The release of the information, which includes the [...]

Since 1975, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) has required most mortgage lending institutions with offices in metropolitan areas to disclose to the public information about the geographic location and [...]

Most lending institutions with offices in metropolitan statistical areas are required by the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975 (HMDA) to disclose information to the public about applications for home [...]

Since 1977, the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) has required that federally insured banking institutions--commercial banks and savings associations--be evaluated on their records of helping to meet the credit needs of [...]

For some time, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has sought to obtain more detailed and timely information on the debt status, loan payment behavior, and overall [...]

Glenn B. Canner, Thomas A. Durkin, and Charles A. Luckett, of the Board's Division of Research and Statistics, prepared this article. The equity that has accumulated in homes is one [...]

Raphael W. Bostic and Glenn B. Canner, of the Board's Division of Research and Statistics, prepared this article. Sheryl L. Hudson and John E. Matson provided research assistance. The Community [...]

Over the past twenty years, major structural changes, including rapid consolidation among institutions, have altered the shape of the banking industry. Structural change has been driven by advances in technology, [...]

The financial institutions that bear the credit risk in mortgage lending are critical because without such participants, mortgages cannot be made. Once an institution agrees to assume the risk that [...]

Institutions involved in lending, including mortgage lending, carefully assess credit risk, which is the possibility that borrowers will fail to pay their loan obligations as scheduled. The judgments of these [...]

Glenn B. Canner and Wayne Passmore, of the Board's Division of Research and Statistics, wrote this article. Mark A. Peirce, of the Division of Research and Statistics, and Gary G. [...]

The household sector incurred substantial amounts of home mortgage and consumer installment debt during the economic expansion of 1983--89. Household debts grew considerably faster than income, and aggregate debt outstanding [...]

The long-standing debate about whether enough housing credit is being provided in lower-income areas has received renewed attention in recent discussions about how to implement the Community Reinvestment Act. In [...]

Before extending a mortgage, lenders typically require borrowers to make a sizable down payment to reduce both the risk of default on the loan and the amount they stand to [...]

Accumulated equity in homes is one of the largest components of the wealth of U.S. households. Home equity differs from many other assets in that it cannot be readily used [...]

Since 1976, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) has required most depository institutions with offices in metropolitan areas to provide data on the geographic location of the home purchase and [...]

Questions about the access of minorities and lower-income households to home mortgage loans continued to draw considerable attention in the past year. Indeed, the release of new data in October [...]

This article was prepared by Glenn B. Canner and Charles A. Luckett of the Board's Division of Research and Statistics. Wayne C. Cook and Mark A. Peirce provided research assistance. [...]

Since 1976, most banks and other depository institutions that have offices in metropolitan areas have been required, under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA), to disclose to the public information [...]

The indebtedness of U.S. households grew substantially in the decade that ended last year. The sum of home mortgages and consumer debt outstanding rose from $1.3 trillion at the end [...]

Mortgage Refinancing This article was prepared by Glenn B. Canner and Charles A. Luckett of the Board's Division of Research and Statistics, and Thomas A. Durkin of the Office of [...]

Information that credit-reporting agencies maintain on consumers' credit-related experiences plays a central role in U.S. credit markets. Creditors consider such data a primary factor when they monitor the credit circumstances [...]

Increasing the flow of credit to lower-income households and communities has been the focus of many public-sector programs, such as those of the Federal Housing Administration and the Rural Housing [...]

In recent years, rising home prices, generally falling interest rates, and a desire to convert accumulated home equity into spendable funds have combined to provide millions of homeowners with the [...]

Glenn B. Canner and Wayne Passmore, of the Board's Division of Research and Statistics, and Elizabeth Laderman, of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, prepared this article. Sylvia A. [...]

Home Equity Lending Personal borrowing secured by equity in residential property has become an increasingly important component of household liabilities. Growing equity in homes, aggressive promotions by financial institutions, and [...]

Consolidation among banking institutions has substantially changed the structure of the banking industry. Between 1975 and 1997, the number of commercial banks and savings associations declined more than 40 percent. [...]