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1. 'The Creation of New Settings': A New School Society.

Author

International Management Training for Educational Change, Oslo (Norway). and Dalin, Per

Abstract

This proposal for effective educational change is concerned primarily with the establishment of more appropriate systems for structuring the educational process in Europe following the developments in educational philosophy during the 1960s. Designed specifically to apply to the educational system in Norway but based on principles applicable to western Europe in general, the proposal attempts to remedy problems in communication, attitude, cooperation, training, and related areas that hamper successful planning and realization of innovative relationship patterns among the persons involved in all aspects of education, from members of the community to governmental ministers. The author suggests development, implementation, and financing strategies for these innovations, and identifies several prerequisites for establishment of working relationships among the several national, local, and supra-national educational agencies that would have to be involved in the project. (PGD)

Published
1975

2. EWork in EU Candidate Countries. IES Report.

Author

Sussex Univ., Brighton (England). Inst. for Employment Studies., Mako, Csaba, and Keszi, Roland

Abstract

Using data of an 18-country employer survey and facts of company case studies of the EMERGENCE project, a project illustrated diffusion of eWork in 3 these Central European countries: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland. Mainstream views of the transforming economies and various practices of generic business services were studied. Establishments surveyed in the post-socialist economies showed similarities and differences in their micro-institutional patterns compared to those in 15 European Union (EU) countries. Comparison of eWork diffusion indicated the following: (1) eWork was more widely used in the 3 newly associated states (NAS); (2) eWork diffusion was more balanced in the EU between medium and large firms than in the NAS; (3) eWork in the NAS was used more extensively in larger firms; (4) diffusion by sector showed its share in service sectors was higher than in primary and secondary industries, with differences greater in the NAS; ( 5) more business functions were kept in the organization in the NAS; and (6) outsourcing was more popular in the NAS. Company case studies gave insight into the complex processes of delocalization of eWork. Information and communication technology gave businesses of all sizes a tool to develop globally. NAS case studies illustrated the expansion type of eWork delocalization in company reorganizations and isolated company decisions. These two important dimensions of eWork delocalization were indicated in connection with NAS case studies: organizational changes and skill use. (Appendixes include 51 references and company data.) (YLB)

Published
2003