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This article reports that the European educators and students are complaining that the recent shift toward administering the Test of English as a Foreign Language exclusively in an online format is hurting thousands of foreign students who want to take the important examination. The test is a gateway to study in the United States and other English-speaking countries because universities use the test, known as the Toefl, to evaluate the English-language proficiency of foreign applicants. In October, however, the Educational Testing Service, the nonprofit organization that owns and administers the test, began phasing out the paper test, offering an Internet-based version instead in Canada, France, Germany, and Italy. Lonnie R. Johnson, executive director of the Austrian-American Educational Commission, which manages the Fulbright Program in Austria, said that administering the test in France and Germany has been especially problematic. Arnaud Roujou de Boubé, executive director of the FrancoAmerican Commission for Educational Exchange, remarked that the decision to introduce the new version of the test in the fall, the most busy test-taking time of the year.

The article discusses anti-American sentiment around the world. Though many nations have shown open animosity towards America during the George W. Bush presidential administration, some countries, like India, have a more sympathetic view. The dislike for America by European countries stems from the view that Europeans are mostly modern and secular, while many Americans are drenched in religiosity and traditionalism, according to Dutch historian Rob Kroes, whose paper "European Anti-Americanism: What's New?" is analyzed.

Addresses issues surrounding the death of Gennady M. Danilenko, a Russian law professor at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan, in June 2001. Information on Danilenko; Allegations of being a drug addict and smuggler; Events that led to his death.

The article discusses European and European Union (E.U.) studies as an academic field. Particular focus is given to the discipline's popularity for college and graduate students in European higher education and its potential to prepare students for political careers within the E.U. as well as provide them with a broad, liberal-arts based education. Topics explored include E.U. public policy, the training and education of civil servants, and the Bologna Process. The article also offers information regarding the emergence of Romani studies, or the study of Romani peoples, as a scholarly field.

The article reports on the response of U.S. graduate schools to the three-year undergraduate degrees being established in Europe under the Bologna Process, aimed at creating a standardized European Higher Education Area. The results of a survey by the Institute of International Education into the proportion of U.S. graduate programs that accept the degrees as equivalent to four-year degrees from the United States are discussed.

The article focuses on the preponderance of pigs in the history books of schools in America. Sixteenth-century buccaneers are reported to be named after the boucans or grills, on which they smoked the meat of stolen pigs. Swine, brought to America from Europe by early settlers, were the cause of fights over personal property between British colonists and their American Indian neighbors. Upton Sinclair's muckraking novel The Jungle, about the Chicago stockyards,resulted in the creation of the Food and Drug Administration. In the early 19th century, Cincinnati was the world's pork-processing capital and gained as a commercial center. Further, pigs were are alleged to be prominent at a prominent moment in Cincinnati's economic history. Indeed, it was there that assembly-line production models were pioneered as meatpackers made the butchering process more efficient by dividing it into discrete tasks-an approach that attracted the attention of the young Henry Ford. Furthermore, students take a midterm exam and write research papers on the history of pigs. They are divided into competing teams for special projects like designing a hypothetical exhibit on pigs for Cincinnati's history museum.

The article discusses Portugal's efforts to promote economic growth by investing in scientific research and development at its higher-education institutions. The article mentions the University of Coimbra's relationship with several U.S. universities, such as Carnegie Mellon University and the Harvard Medical School, to engage in research and academic exchange programs. Government spending has increased in these fields due to a commitment by the country to become a knowledge economy through innovation in science and technology. Relationships between Portuguese and U.S. universities have brought jobs to the country, attracted high-achieving students, and attracted business investments, but leaders fear funding from the federal government may decrease.

Focuses on the academic employment market in Europe focused on young talent, higher-education analysts as of March 8, 2002. Working conditions in British academies; Estimated number of French institutes' scientists who will retire in the next twenty years; Salary range for professors in Poland; Recruitment trends in Ireland.

The article presents news briefs on issues related to higher education. John Rist, chairman of the department of classics at Aberdeen University in Scotland, has resigned due to budget cuts to the university. A collection of rare papers from fascist dictator Benito Mussolini has been returned by Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut to the government of Italy. Archeology professor Yigal Shiloh of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem has been awarded by Sweden's Göteborg University for his research.

Argues that the only hope for leaders of Europe to save their single currency, the euro, is to follow the tradition of paper over fundamental disagreements with vague words. Threats to the European currency; Detailed information on the currency issue.