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Research fronts (RFs) represent the most dynamic areas of science and technology and the topics that receive higher attention in a specific field. Their identification has become the focus of global scientific and technological competition. In this study, we performed an analysis of the In-Cites RFs from Web of Science (WoS) in seven Spanish universities as a case study in the period 2015–2019. Our purpose is threefold: (1) to develop a methodology for approximating the ‘alignment’ of scientific articles with the RFs, (2) to test if Highly Cited Papers (HCP) from these universities are more aligned with RFs than the rest of the output, and (3) to test if papers aligned with RFs receive more citations per document than those not aligned. The study uses a novel retrieval method, and the analysis is conducted using a coincidence method (comparison with a standard), in which Mann–Kendall’s test and Pearson’s correlation are used. The results show that there is alignment between output and the HCP and those better aligned, present greater mean ranks of citations per article. This study shows the usefulness of RFs for orienting the research priorities at the institutional level for the university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientists and diplomats have significant differences in professional skills, activity time and work content, but they should work together. With the deepening impact of science and technology (S&T) on socio-economic development and international relations, S&T has become a crucial component of national strategies, particularly for diplomacy. There is a need for scientific evidence and advice, meaning that mastering more knowledge and skills in S&T would be helpful in negotiations. This paper analyses the ideas of S&T diplomacy, including a review of its 40-year history in China, its definition (with detailed connotations) and its characteristics. The paper focuses on the significant role of people-to-people communication in S&T, which may inform future work. Five suggestions are given to strengthen the strategic planning of S&T diplomacy: (1) A more clarified, strategic goal of future-oriented S&T diplomacy is required; (2) It is important to build a theoretical system for China to describe S&T diplomacy; (3) The creation of a global S&T cooperation map that adapts to the new type of international relations would be valuable; (4) Fairness and justice shall be maintained, while a reform of the global S&T governance system is promoted; (5) It is a must to adhere to bottom-line thinking and strengthen risk prediction and emergency responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marcuse was the face of the Frankfurt School during the 1960s and '70s. His eclipse led, among other unfortunate consequences, to the disappearance of his critique of science and technology. That critique is based on an experiential ontology that derives in part from Marcuse's background in phenomenology. In this paper I trace the roots of that ontology in his early interpretation of Marx's Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. One-Dimensional Man takes up the phenomenological critique in a Marxist vein. This critique is newly relevant now that we face impending environmental catastrophe due to climate change. Thus the study of Marcuse today is not simply academic, but once again politically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses Eastern European Marxists' consideration of science and technology concerning aesthetic dimensions. Different from most of Western Marxists who take negative or dystopian attitudes towards modern science and technology from the aesthetic utopian perspective, those Marxists who come from countries such as Hungary, Yugoslav, Poland, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Bulgaria or Romania, which once belonged to the socialist camp, under the influence of Soviet and Western culture, pay attention to the complicated tension between science-technology and aesthetics. In this paper, I probe into these notions by reading György Lukács, Budapest School, Romanian theorists and the Yugoslav Praxis Group, which are divided into four key points: basic nature of science in contrast with arts; modern tension of culture between science and arts; the possibility of scientific aesthetics; and development of arts in the world of technology. There is a dialectical understanding of science and technology here which contributes to contemporary recognition of science and technology from the point of view of neo-humanism, not only in aesthetics but also human existence. This is relevant to theoretical reflection on the present and future Chinese socialist aesthetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In September 2022, the President of the People's Republic of China visited Uzbekistan for the first time after the epidemic. In the subsequent joint statement between China and Uzbekistan, China welcomed the adoption of the Aral Sea initiative proposed by Uzbekistan at the General Assembly of the United Nations. The two sides expressed their willingness to actively promote synergy between the Global Development Initiative and projects related to improving the ecological, economic, and social environment of the Aral Sea region under the framework of the United Nations. In this context, this paper describes the current situation of the Aral Sea crisis with a quantitative method and summarizes the necessity and significance of China's participation in the ecological governance of the Aral Sea using the literature analysis method. The author believes that China has favorable conditions in terms of policies and mechanisms, funds, talents and cooperation foundation in participating in the ecological governance of the Aral Sea, and suggests that under the principle of win-win cooperation, overall coordination, and doing something and leaving something undone, starting from exploring scientific issues and improving people's livelihood, taking desertification combating, water and soil conservation, modern agricultural technology, and the promotion and utilization of new energy as the starting point, and using China's wisdom, experience and strength in participating in the ecological governance of the Aral Sea, promoting the development of the green Aral Sea, effectively deepening China's scientific and technological cooperation with Central Asia, and providing scientific and technological support for the construction of a community with a shared future for China-Central Asia and even high-quality development of the Belt and Road. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the Colleges of Advanced Technology (CATs), specialist providers of advance science and technology which existed in England and Wales for ten years after the 1956 White Paper Technical Education. Its central argument is that recasting the CATs as broader-based universities following the 1963 Robbins Report was a significant error which attenuated the progress of science and technology, and prevented the Colleges' development as viable providers of higher education (HE) outside the university sector. This decision, it is argued, was shaped by typically English views about the relative value of different forms of learning, the nature and purpose of HE, and particular beliefs about the primacy of the university. It also conflated the general desire to increase participation in higher education with the wish to promote science and technology in particular. A bolder option, it is proposed, would have been to build the CATs up as prestigious institutes of technology, along the lines of those found in the USA and continental Europe – although this, it is recognised, would have entailed a substantial shift in the role of the state and reduced the individual and collective autonomy of HE institutions in England and Wales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Establishing an analytical structure to classify proper criteria and identify the relative importance among them in different cities or municipalities for selection and resource allocations of government-sponsored regional innovation is crucial. In this paper, we construct an index system through the subject views of experts to evaluate regional scientific and technological innovation capabilities and collect empirical data to compare the six special municipalities in Taiwan by employing a hybrid CFPR-VIKOR approach. The research results show that a structural evaluation system is a basis for regional innovation policy. The need for fundamental data and regional resources assessments is apparent, and the role of the central government needs to be adapted to rapid changes. Through the design and adjustment of the regulatory system, decision-makers can decide how to allocate resources and further contribute to the development of regional innovation. We demonstrate that our approach can be extended to the regional innovation policies in the public sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective/Meaning】Under the background of the national rural revitalization strategy, it is of great significance to explore the effective path for the development and upgrading of the flower industry in Fujian Province to achieve the high-quality development of the industry. 【Methods/Procedures】By means of the data collection and literature retrieval, combined with the methods such as statistical analysis and comparative research, the development status of the flower industry in Fujian and the problems and challenges it faced were comprehensively analyzed in this paper, and then the corresponding solutions were systematically put forward. 【Results/Conclusions】 The results showed that the innovative operation mode of “technology company/biological laboratory + professional cooperative + production base + flower warehousing + Internet sales” was the effective way to realize the prosperity of rural industries. It was also necessary to implement the strategies including taking the science and technology as the core, supporting by the talents, promoting the construction of Internet logistics synchronously, and improving the product circulation system, so as to activate the market vitality and development potential of the flower industry in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper’s goal is to present the main points of the discussion about expertise and the role of experts in decision-making based upon Dorothy Nelkin’s and Helga Nowotny’s work on the subject. Through literature review, we briefly present the history of the Social Studies of Science and Technology. Next, we explore the topic of expertise and the role of experts as an object of study and delve into the implications of increased involvement of scientists in controversial areas, discussed by Dorothy Nelkin in “The Political Impact of Technical Expertise”, published in 1975, and Helga Nowotny in “Democratizing expertise and socially robust knowledge”, published 2003. We conclude that the expertise-knowledge-decision-making relationship is a topic that is being explored by the Social Studies of Science and Technology field for decades and is still under discussion. The contribution of the studies explored is to recognize that the mobilization of scientific knowledge as expertise in controversial issues is inherently conflicting and permeated by uncertainties, and identifying and reporting on such uncertainties must be part of the solution of such controversies, overcoming the idea that the role of science is to reduce the uncertainties to zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the history of socialist collaboration in Comecon through the lens of a large industrial project in Soviet Siberia. It examines the construction of the Ust'-Ilimsk forest industrial complex which was conceived as a collective effort of six socialist European countries. On the one hand, the project formed part of the Soviet Union's strategy of technological colonization of Soviet Eastern lands, and on the other, it aimed to enhance socialist collaboration and integration efforts through the exchange of material goods and expertise, as prescribed by the project agreements. The paper focuses on the interplay between ideological implications, national interests and material shortages when completing the project, showing the contradictory nature of socialist collaborative construction. It argues that the Soviet central government sought material resources for the construction from 'brother' socialist countries with an ideological emphasis on how important it was for further cooperation in the Eastern bloc. In fact, the project exposed difficulties, ranging from material shortages typical of state socialism and the predominance of national economic interests, with the result that this socialist project was compelled to also make use of Western equipment and expertise, transforming Ust'-Ilimsk from a socialist to a far more international construction site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a world where the development of Science and Technology is prioritized with little to no attention in its social implications, an education method that seeks a broad formation of the students to live in this world is one of the greatest contemporary challenges. In this perspective, the Science-Technology-Society (sts) approach associated with Professional and Technological Education (pte) can be viable to the promotion of a scientific-technological education based on criticality and citizenship. Thus, this article aimed to conduct an exploratory study, of State of the Art type, regarding the academic production that discusses sts in periodicals that pte approach, Technological Education and Work and Education. To achieve that, we conducted research for scientific papers in the databases of 12 Brazilian periodicals that debate professional and technological education, encompassing the period of 1995 to 2020. The data was evaluated by the Bardin content analysis (2002) and the textual statistics supported on Iramuteq. The results showed that there is a predominance of theoretical works directed at higher education, divided in four themes, with the most cited authors being Bazzo, Auler, Santos and Mortimer and Von Linsingen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]