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Articles in this issue of "Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology" include: (1) Input Data Processing Techniques in Intrusion Detection Systems--Short Review (Suhair H. Amer and John A. Hamilton, Jr.); (2) Semantic Annotation of Stock Photography for CBIR Using MPEG-7 standards (R. Balasubramani and V. Kannan); (3) An Experimental Study to Identify Qualitative Measures for Website Design (G. Sreedhar and A. A. Chari); (4) Process modeling using ILOG JViews BPMN Modeler Tool to Identify Exceptions (A. Saravanan and B. Rama Sree); (5) A New Approach to: Obstacle-Avoiding Rectilinear Steiner Tree Construction (Animesh Pant); (6) Algorithmic Approach for Creating and Exploiting Flexibility in Steiner Trees (Piyush Singh and Animesh Pant); (7) Initial Hybrid Method for Software Effort Estimation, Benchmarking and Risk Assessment Using Design of Software (J. Frank Vijay and C. Manoharan); (8) Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange: Extended to Multi-Party Key Generation for Dynamic Groups (B. Srinivasa Rao and D. Swapna); (9) A Framework for Systematic Database Denormalization (Yma Pinto); (10) Experiments with Self-Organizing Systems for Texture and Hardness Perception (Magnus Johnson and Christian Balkenius); (11) Diagnosing Parkinson by Using Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines (David Gil and Magnus Johnson); (12) Secured Data Comparison in Bioinformatics Using Homomorphic Encryption Scheme (Gorti VNKV Subba Rao); (13) Performance Evaluation of Message Encryption Scheme Using Cheating Text (Ch. Rupa and P. S. Avadhani); (14) Finding Error Correction of Bandwidth on Demand Strategy for GPRS Using Constant Modulus Algorithm (K. Ramadevi, K. Nageswara Rao, and J. Ramadevi); (15) An Introduction to DNA Computing (C. Saravanan); (16) Distributed Diagnosis in Dynamic Fault Environments Using HeartBeat Algorithm (K. Nageswara Rao, B. Srinivasa Rao, and Sreenivasa Raju V.); (17) Temperature Variation on Rough Actor-Critic Algorithm (P. K. Pandey and D. Tiwari); (18) Evaluation of Efficient Web Caching and Prefetching Technique for Improving the Proxy Server Performance (G. N. K. Suresh Babu and S. K. Srivatsa); (19) Wireless LAN Security System (Qasim Siddique); (20) A Trust-Based Secured Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (K. Seshadri Ramana. A. A. Chari, and N. Kasiviswanath); (21) Generation of Fractal Music with Mandelbrot Set (S. Sukumaran and G. Dheepa); (22) Performance Analysis & QoS Guarantee in ATM Networks (Parag Jain, Sandip Vijay, and S. C. Gupta); (23) Survey of Forest Fire Simulation (Qasim Siddique); (24) Detecting Redundancy in Biological Databases--An Efficient Approach (C. Sumithiradevi and M. Punithavalli); (25) Semantic Search and Retrieval of Stock Photography Based on MPEG-7 Descriptors (R. Balasubramani and V. Kannan); (26) Efficient Use of MPEG-7 Color Layout and Edge Histogram Descriptors in CBIR Systems (R. Balasubramani and V. Kannan); (27) Computation of Merging Points in Skeleton Based Images (J. KomalaLakshmi and M. Punithavalli); (28) Separating Words from ContinuousBangla Speech (Nipa Chowdhury, Md. Abdus Sattar, and Arup Kanti Bishwas); (29) A Survey on User Interface Defect Detection in Object Oriented Design (Vijayakumar Elangovan); (30) A Survey-Object Oriented Quality Metrics (C. Neelamegam and M. Punithavalli); (31) Modeling and Analysis of the Associative Based Routing (ABR) Protocol by Using Coloured Petri Nets (Rahul Bhargava and Rekha Kaushik); (32) A Framework of Distributed Dynamic Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Multi-Path Routing Protocol in Wireless Mesh Networks (K. Thangadurai and Anand Shankar); (33) A Security Analysis Framework for Dynamic Web Applications (R. Selvakumar and S. Mohamed Saleem); and (34) Analysis of Knowledge Management Tools (Muhammad Bilal Qureshi and Muhammad Shuaib Qureshi). (Individual articles contain references, tables, and figures.) ["Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology" is published by Global Journals. Abstract revised to meet ERIC guidelines.]

Enrollment forecasting is the central component of effective budget and program planning. The integrated enrollment forecast model is developed to achieve a better understanding of the variables affecting student enrollment and, ultimately, to perform accurate forecasts. The transfer function model of the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methodology and linear regression model are major forecasting techniques. The structural approach embedded in the models allows the researcher to construct candidate models, eliminate inappropriate ones, and retain the most suitable model. In addition, the expert system for the ARIMA model is a supplementary tool used to verify the resulting models in terms of model structure and forecasting accuracy. The enrollment series of interest is the 1962-2004 student enrollment for Oklahoma State University (OSU). Fifteen independent variables are used in an attempt to increase explanatory power. These variables include demographics (Oklahoma high school graduates and competitor college enrollment from the University of Oklahoma), state funding, economic indicators, (e.g., state unemployment rate and gross national product), and one-year lagged demographics and economic indicators. The best ARIMA and linear regression models yield remarkably high R-squared values and exceptionally small mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs), respectively. Moreover, they contain two identical demographics: Oklahoma high school graduates and one-year lagged OSU enrollment. Hence, the first-order autoregressive models appropriately depict the longitudinal and aggregated OSU enrollment series. An additional linear regression model shows that one-year lagged Oklahoma high school graduates and three economic indicators significantly contribute to OSU enrollment. This integrated enrollment forecast model has demonstrated its model validity and accuracy. Hence, it could be replicated for comparable universities elsewhere. (A bibliography is included. Contains 5 figures and 4 tables.)

Increasingly, adult educators are using narrative and stories for many reasons, including their deep appeal, satisfaction, and cultural transcendence. As a fundamental structure of human meaning making narrative is a valuable classroom tool in that it can enable students to understand life events, personal actions, and solidify identity formation. Story-based techniques such as storytelling, case studies, critical incidents, role playing, and simulations are often used in the adult education classroom. Autobiographical writing or the life story is a major strand of narrative. It can be useful to a variety of adult students, including those in higher education classrooms, small peer group settings, teacher professional continuing education workshops, and older students. The narrative orientation to education is a metaphor for the developing self and closely related to transformational learning, a hallmark of adult education. (Contains 32 references.) (AJ)

This document, published annually, contains six papers devoted to aviation education. "Enhancing Global Competitiveness: Benchmarking Airline Operational Performance in Highly Regulated Environments" (Brent D. Bowen, Dean Headley, Karisa D. Kane, Rebecca K. Lutte) outlines a model to help policymakers and others evaluate the effects of airline size on economic competition. "Multiple Expert Evaluations of a PC [Personal Computer] Computer-Based Aviation Flight Training Device" (Jeffrey S. Forrest) examines the usability of PC-based aviation training devices. "An Examination of the U.S. Collegiate Aviation Workforce in Preparing the Next Generation of Aviation Faculty Members beyond 2000" (Jeffrey A. Johnson) explores whether the next generation of aviation faculty is being adequately prepared. "Assessing the Environment and Outcomes of Four-Year Aviation Programs: Does Program Quality Make a Difference?" (Paul D. Lindseth) reports on a study of students, faculty, and alumni of various four-year aviation programs that was designed to determine whether four-year aviation programs are emphasizing environment and outcome indicators of quality. "Airport Internships: Effectively Structuring a Departmental Rotation Internship" (C. Daniel Prather) presents airport managers' perceptions of airport internships. "An Evaluation of a Major Airline Flight Internship Program: Participant's Perceptions of Curricular Preparation for, and Components of, the Internship" (Jose R. Ruiz, David A. NewMyer, D. Scott Worrells) presents the results of a survey of 110 former university interns who served semester-long flight operations internships at United Airlines. Most papers contain substantial bibliographies. (MN)

The articles in this journal, in either Chinese or English (all with English abstracts), on elementary and secondary education in Hong Kong include: "Environmental Education: A Head, Heart, and Hand Approach to Learning About Environmental Problems" (Daniella Tilbury); "Social Subjects and Civic Education in Secondary Schools" (Kwan Choi Tse); "Disciplinary Problems of Primary School Students in Ma On Shan" (Chui Fa Lam, Kwok Keung Ho); "Education for the Gifted and Talented: What Programs Are Best Suited for Hong Kong?" (David W. Chan); "Using Top-Level Structures To Enhance Reader Comprehension of Content Area Texts" (Peter Bodycott); "Physically Fit Is Better Than Cognitively Fit: Why Not Set Up a Physical Fitness Unit in Hong Kong Primary School Curriculum?" (Shu Sing Wong);"Language Teacher and the Teaching of Language Sensitivity" (Hon Kwong Chow); "Rethinking of the Teaching of Chinese Writing in Lower Primary Forms" (Che Ying Kwan); "A Preliminary Study on HKIED Students' Bioethics Attitudes" (Sing Lai Chan, Kevin Chung Wai Lui, Joseph C. Tsang); "Enhancing Teaching Through Action Learning: Helping Innovation in Hong Kong" (John Biggs, Raymond Lam); "Computer Simulation Programs for Hong Kong School Physics Curriculum: An Attempt To Provide an Exploratory, Collaborative, and Student-Centered Learning Environment" (P. K. Tao); "Role of Peer Support Scheme in Developing Teacher Reflection: A Case Study" (Edmond H. F. Law, Pui Wah Cheng, Po Wah Chan, Heung Ling Ip); and "A Case Study on the Running Fashion of Wanli International School" (Pik Yu Cheng, Lin Xiang Jin, Jun Li, Har Fun Dung). (MSE)

The Simulated Oral Proficiency Interview (SOPI) is a semi-direct performance-based speaking test that emulates the face-to-face Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) as closely as practical, using a tape recording and printed test booklet. The prototypical SOPI contains simple personal background questions typical of an initial encounter (warm-up) and topic- and situation-based performance tasks to assess the examinee's ability to handle the functions and content characterizing higher levels of proficiency. The test package consists of a master tape that contains all test instructions and items, an examinee response tape used to record responses, and a test booklet with test instructions and directions for all tasks. In five studies involving different test development teams and different languages, the SOPI has proved a valid and reliable surrogate for the OPI. SOPIs have been developed for Chinese, Portuguese, Hebrew, Indonesian, Hausa, Arabic, Japanese, French, German, and Spanish, and rater training has been developed. The test format's flexibility allows its tailoring for proficiency level, age group, background, and profession and administered by any teacher, aide, or language lab technician. The SOPI may offer practical and psychometric advantages over a face-to-face interview. (MSE)

These three newsletter issues present feature articles and resources on individuals with deaf-blindness. The following articles are included: (1) "Current Status for Reauthorization of IDEA" (Joseph McNulty); (2) "Utah Enhances Services for Children Who Are Deaf-Blind" (Paddi Henderson and John Killoran); (3) "Families and Support Networks" (Robert W. Moore and Cherry W. Moore); (4) "An Introduction to the International Organizations and Literature Related to Deafblindness" (Betsy L. McGinnity); (5) "Personnel Preparation: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives" (Barbara A. B. McLetchie); (6) "Simulation Exercises To Help Stimulate Discussions about Communication Strategies Used with Students Who Are Deaf-Blind and Developmentally Delayed" (Jennifer White and Lyle T. Romer); (7)"Free To Be Me" (Joann Twitchell), a personal narrative of a parent of two children with Usher Syndrome; and (8) "Adapting Games, Sports, and Recreation for Children and Adults Who Are Deaf-Blind" (Lauren J. Lieberman). (Most articles contain references.) (CR)

This first issue of the new "Pacific Educational Research Journal" offers articles covering diverse subjects and using diverse research methods. The new journal represents a rejuvenation of a previous publication to address educational issues specific to the Pacific region. Ethnic groups specifically addressed include Hawaiians, second-generation Japanese (Nisei), and immigrant Hmong. Topics covered include youth-risk behaviors, core curriculum, reparations for native Hawaiians, and attitudes toward bilingual education. The following articles are included: (1) "Adolescent Health Behaviors in Hawai'i: Curriculum Directions from the 1995 Hawai'i and National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys" (Beth Pateman, Susan M. Saka, and Morris K. Lai); (2) "The Struggle for Core Studies: Miles Carey at McKinley High School in the Territory of Hawai'i" (Eileen H. Tamura); (3) "The Effects of a Simulation on Student Attitudes toward Reparations for Native Hawaiians" (Linda K. Menton and Paul R. Brandon); (4) "Nutrition Background and Practices of Hawai'i Public Elementary Teachers" (Patricia J. Britten, Naomi A. Kanehiro, and Morris K. Lai); and (5) "Hmong Parents: What Do They Think about Bilingual Education?" (Fay H. Shin and Bo V. Lee). (SLD)

Career educators and counselors have long recognized that factual information about careers and employability skills, presented in traditional classroom formats, do not prepare students to enter the workplace. This digest explores the move toward stronger experiential learning in career education. Career education initiatives such as work experience, job shadowing, and co-op education have increased but they are difficult to manage and may represent too large a leap from traditional classroom instruction. This difficulty can be met with in-class employment simulation. To be useful, a simulation must model all of the important skills necessary for a successful transition to work. There are numerous benefits derived from such simulations: learners are provided with opportunities for active experimentation in solving realistic problems; the essential elements of the workplace are experienced but without its attendant hazards; errors can be corrected more readily, and the connections among profitability, team success; and individual work skills are clearly demonstrated. However, to be effective, workplace simulations must feature an accurate underlying model of the workplace, objectives which reflect desirable knowledge, and characteristics of the learning environment, among other things. One such program has demonstrated its use with adolescents and young adults in learning work-transition skills. (RJM)

These two issues of "Virginia Resolves" provide articles of interest to the social studies reader and provides ideas for social studies instruction and curriculum. The fall issue features seven articles: (1) "Death and the Young Child" (Rosanne J. Marek); (2) "Simulations: Bibliography for the Middle and Elementary Teachers" (William Coleman Redd II); (3) "Biography-Centered Learning for the Social Studies" (Marie Bittner); (4) "Multicultural Literature Update: Native Americans and East Asian Americans" (Katherine T. Bucher); (5) "Judicial Nominations" (Linda Karen Miller); (6) "A More Open China" (L. K. Miller); and (7) "Address to Virginia Social Studies Educators" (Terry Knecht Dozier). The spring issue contains six articles: (1) "The Social Sciences and the Social Studies: An Essay on the Development of and Need for Citizenship Education" (Mark Crockett); (2) "18th Century Crafts for 20th Century Children: The Apothecary" (Alice P. Wakefield); (3) "The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: An International Tribute and Educational Resource" (S. Rex Morrow); (4) "Obscuring the Second Amendment" (Mark D. Polston); (5) "Simulations: Bibliography for High School Teachers" (William Coleman Redd II); and (6) "The Columbian Quincentenary: An Educational Opportunity" (an official position statement developed by the National Council for the Social Studies). Contains 26 references. (CK)

This digest considers the role of personal computers in the education of gifted students. There is evidence that students are working "smarter," whether they are learning and using more information, understanding key concepts and relationships better, or developing higher level thinking skills. Research findings concerning the specific instructional needs of gifted and talented students are listed. The computer is seen as an idea engine for such students. Although educational uses in computer-assisted instruction, student-developed computer simulations, and programming are recognized, the computer's greatest power is seen to lie in the quality of questions students can ask and attempt to answer. The impact of a nationwide program to encourage students to formulate good questions for a supercomputer is reported. Recommendations include: encouraging experimentation and individual learning styles; structuring experience to help students develop strengths and overcome weaknesses; and promoting interpersonal relationships through computers. Includes eight references. (DB)

Seven job-related basic skills identified as skills employers want are as follows: (1) learning to learn; (2) reading, writing, and computation; (3) oral communication and listening; (4) creative thinking and problem solving; (5) personal management, including self-esteem, goal setting, motivation, and personal and career development; (6) group effectiveness, including interpersonal skills, negotiation, and teamwork; and (7) organizational effectiveness and leadership. The importance of workplace literacy has been underscored by the link between basic skills and productivity. The importance of "functional context" to basic skills training for adults is illustrated by programs for extreme low-level literate persons who need long-term intensive adult literacy programs, programs for improving the effectiveness of training through basic skills improvement, and simulation programs that illustrate the effects of on-the-job mistakes without jeopardizing the employee or the work process. The steps for developing programs to improve job-related basic skills are as follows: identify the problem; prepare an action plan; design, develop, and implement curriculum; and evaluate and monitor the program. Workplace literacy programs can improve worker self-esteem and job performance, company productivity, and the nation's competitiveness. (13 references) (CML)

"Harvard Education Letter" is published bimonthly at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. This issue of "Harvard Education Letter" contains the following articles: (1) Online Testing, Version 1.0: Oregon's Adaptive Computer-Based Accountability Test Offers a Peek at a Brave New Future (Robert Rothman); (2) Beyond Gay-Straight Alliances: Research Shows Why Family Support Is Critical to Helping LGBT Students Succeed (Michael Sadowski); and (3) Progress and Puzzles in Educational Policy Research: How Can We Foster the Growth of Schools as Learning Organizations? (Richard J. Murnane).

This issue of "Classroom Notes Plus" contains descriptions of original, unpublished teaching practices, and of adapted ideas. Under the "Ideas from the Classroom" section, the August 2003 issue (v21 n1) contains the following materials: Reading Poetry with Wright's "Black Boy" (David Fuder); Finding Poetry Lost in Translation (James Penha); "Lord of the Flies" and American Society (Liz deBeer); "Lord of the Flies": Building an Island (and Classroom) Community (Ronald T. Sion); Astrology and "Romeo and Juliet" (Traci Lombardo); Going from the General to the Specific with Horoscopes (Donna Isaac); Motivation Manifesto (Laura Austin); What the Dickens? Knitting as Motif (Christine McGovern); Responding to Books through Posters (Ann Grabowski); and Symbol Search: An Entry to Social Studies and Citizenship (Rose Reissman). The "Web Resources" section contains: The Interactive Raven. The "Focus on Writing" section contains: Writing for Our Lives (Carolyn Steinhoff Smith); Round Robin Writing (Byung-In Seo); Reflecting on Writing via Interview (Mary Kim Schreck); and Forrest Gump and Sandra Cisneros Teach Similes (Carol Lecren) [Reprinted from "Promising Practices"]. Under the "Ideas from the Classroom" section, the October 2003 issue (v21 n2) contains the following materials: Settings and Maps (Ray Chapin); Words, Magnets, and Poetry (Sherry Swanner); Using Magic to Teach English (Alice C. Herring); You Gotta BE the Dwarf: Using Drama to Unlock Texts (Don Leibold); Elizabethan Interactive Museum (Arlene Lewis); Bridging the Gap: or How I Learned to Use Their World to Get to Ours (Kathleen K. Thornton); and Relevancy in the Classroom: Bringing the Real World into School (Josh Luukkonen). Under the Classroom Solutions" section is: A Map That's More Than Classroom Decor (Ronda Stevens). Under the "Focus on Writing" section is: "All Answers Are Answers to All Questions" (Mark Peters); Photos Lead to Mini-Character Sketches (Mary F. Whitaker); and Vivid Sensory Description (Heather Frame and Heather Graham). Under "Excerpts" is: Teaching Writing as Reflective Practice. Under "Handout" is: Should This Character Marry? (Tara M. Baker). Under the "Ideas from the Classroom" section, the January 2004 issue (v21 n3) contains the following materials: How Things Aren't (Daniel Sullivan); Using Poetry to Enhance Reading and Writing (Alisha L. Vincent); Showing, Not Telling (Bonnie Dodge); First Things First: Developing Paragraphs (Scott Slomsky); Understanding Characters through Freewriting (Moira Collins); Character Mandala (Fran Bullington); Discovering Good Writing (Nancy Posey); Evaluating Nonfiction (Kim Ford); Multimedia Shakespeare (includes handout) (Amy Caby); Learning Centers for 1984 (Jill Hensley); More than Just the Facts: Presenting Characters in the Classroom (Lyn C. Howell); Opening the Literary Field for Different Interpretations (Kimberly L. Cooney); Facing the Elements: Short Fiction Write-Around (Kim Martin Long); and Creative Expression in the Language Arts Classroom (Judith A. Goldbaum). Under the "Focus on Writing" Section is: Teaching Writing through Court Trials in Secondary English Classrooms (Ernest Morrell) [Reprinted from the "Florida English Journal" (Spring/Summer 2003)]. Under "Excerpts" is: A Writing Question and Answer from the "Purdue Owl News." Under the "Ideas from the Classroom" section, the April 2004 issue (v21 n4) contains the following materials: The Drawer Assignment (Jill Melancon); Get Creative with the Memory Game (Heather Wright); Breakfast with Mrs. Akin (Susan Akin); Teaching Problem-Solving through Scenarios (David Bruce); Status Cubes for the Writer's Workshop (Elisabeth Babin); Carpe Diem! (Linda S. Felice); Bookmarks as a Reading Aid (Jane Long); Responding to Stories through Music (Barbara Yogan); Thinking about Reading with 3-2-1 (Maureen Dolan); Partners in Crime: Cracking Cases Using Science and English (Erik Hein); The Elements of Fiction and Dr. Seuss (Cat Lytle); "Lord of the Flies"Luggage Tags (Catherine Schluessler); and Experimenting with Tone (James M. Pedersen).Under "Classroom Solutions" is: Class Discussions (Carole Ronane). Under "Focus on Poetry" is: Nonsense Poems and Wrong-Handed Portraits (Judy Cromett). The April 2004 issue also contains Classroom Notes Plus Index, 2003-004. [For "Classroom Notes Plus: A Quarterly of Teaching Ideas, 2001-2002," see ED480259.]

This issue contains these 12 papers: "Exploring the Viability of an Organizational Readiness Assessment for Participatory Management Programs in a Passenger Airline Carrier" (Al Bellamy); "Teaching the Pilots of the New Millennium: Adult Cooperative Education in Aviation Education" (Joseph F. Clark, III); "The Transfer of Flight Training Procedures from an Advanced Airline Flight Simulator to the Classroom" (Richard O. Fanjoy, John P. Young); "The Impact of Ground Schools in a Collegiate Aviation Program on Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Written Exam Scores" (Triant G. Flouris); "The Learning Styles of College Aviation Students" (Craig A. Kanske, L. Tom Brewster); "The Need for Airport Funding" (Robert W. Kaps et al.); "Retaining Women in Collegiate Aviation by Implementing Learning Style Considerations" (Merrill R. Karp et al.); "The Future and Potential of Non-Steady Flow Devices in Advanced Propulsion Designs" (Michael Most et al.); "Using the Job Characteristics Model (JCM) to Measure the Motivating Potential of Flightdeck Positions" (Anthony L. Patti, Triant G. Flouris); "Risk Analysis, Pilot Motivation, and Decision Making: Application of the PAVE (Pilot, Aircraft, Environment, External pressures) Personal Minimums Checklist to Pilot Decision Making in Three General Aviation Accidents" (Lorelei E. Ruiz); "Evaluation and Action: Sustaining Excellence in Collegiate Aviation Distance Education" (Nanette M. Scarpellini, Brent D. Bowen); and "Air Rage: A Policy Research Study" (Michaela M. Schaaf). (YLB)

Teaching geography is the topic of this annotated bibliography. The following kinds and amounts of materials are cited: (1) 9 citations from "Resources in Education" (RIE); (2) 10 citations from "Current Index to Journals in Education" (CIJE); (3) 37 commercially available "Student and Teacher Materials" (12 textbooks, 5 supplementary print materials, 10 multimedia materials, 4 games and simulations, and 6 teacher resources); (4) 4 related professional organizations that may prove helpful in this area; and (5) 2 journals and newsletters. (DC)

Teaching civics, political science, and government at all levels is the topic of this annotated bibliography. The following kinds and amounts of materials are cited: (1) 8 citations from "Resources in Education" (RIE); (2) 9 citations from "Current Index to Journals in Education" (CIJE); (3) 42 commercially available "Student and Teacher Materials" (15 textbooks, 7 supplementary print materials, 9 multimedia programs, 6 games and simulations, and 5 teacher resources); (4) 4 related professional organizations that may prove helpful in this area; and (5) 3 journals and newsletters. (DC)

Teaching about the future is the topic of this annotated bibliography. The following kinds and amounts of materials are cited: (1) 14 citations from "Resources in Education" (RIE); (2) 12 citations from "Current Index to Journals in Education" (CIJE); (3) 29 commercially available "Student and Teacher Materials" (11 print materials, 8 multimedia materials, 3 games and simulations, and 7 teacher resources); (4) 3 related professional organizations that may prove helpful in this area; and (5) 3 journals and newsletters. (DC)

Teaching psychology and sociology is the topic of this annotated bibliography. The following kinds and amounts of materials are cited: (1) 9 citations from "Resources in Education" (RIE); (2) 11 citations from "Current Index to Journals in Education" (CIJE); (3) 39 commercially available "Student and Teacher Materials" (11 textbooks, 6 supplementary print materials, 11 multimedia materials, 4 games and simulations, and 7 teacher resources); (4) 3 related professional organizations that may prove helpful in this area; and (5) 3 journals and newsletters. (DC)

Teaching economics and consumer education is the topic of this annotated bibliography. The following kinds and amounts of materials are cited: (1) 10 citations from "Resources in Education" (RIE); (2) 10 citations from "Current Index to Journals in Education" (CIJE); (3) 35 commercially available "Student and Teacher Materials" (8 textbooks, 6 supplementary print materials, 8 multimedia materials, 3 games and simulations, and 10 teacher resources); (4) 4 related professional organizations that may prove helpful in this area; and (5) 2 journals and newsletters. (DC)

Law-related education is the topic of this annotated bibliography. The following kinds and amounts of materials are cited: (1) 15 citations from "Resources in Education" (RIE); (2) 9 citations from "Current Index to Journals in Education" (CIJE); (3) 38 commercially available "Student and Teacher Materials" (9 textbooks, 8 supplementary print materials, 7 multimedia materials, 6 games and simulations, and 8 teacher resources); (4) 5 related professional organizations that may prove helpful in this area; and (5) 2 journals and newsletters. (DC)

Women in the United States, past and present, is the focus of this annotated bibliography. The following kinds and amounts of materials are cited: (1) 13 citations from "Resources in Education" (RIE); (2) 7 citations from "Current Index to Journals in Education" (CIJE); (3) 28 commercially available "Student and Teacher Materials" (10 textbooks and supplementary print materials, 6 multimedia materials, 3 games and simulations, and 9 teacher resources); (4) 5 related professional organizations that may prove helpful in this area; and (5) 2 journals and newsletters. (DC)

Teaching United States History is the topic of this annotated bibliography. The following kinds and amounts of materials are cited: (1) 9 citations from "Resources in Education" (RIE); (2) 10 citations from "Current Index to Journals in Education" (CIJE); (3) 48 commercially available "Student and Teacher Materials" (23 textbooks, 5 supplementary print materials, 8 audiovisual materials, 5 games and simulations, and 7 teacher resources); (4) 5 related professional organizations that may prove helpful in this area; and (5) 6 journals and newsletters. (DC)

This combined theme issue contains articles on the following topics: science and the communicative classroom; educational and recreational facilities in the Phanat Nikhom, Thailand refugee camps; learning styles; use of visual aids for language teaching; whole language methods for second-language writing instruction; bilingual cultural orientation; training assistant teachers as refugee culture brokers; teachers training teachers; young adult refugees; motivation; refugee mental health; a factory simulation; teacher exchange programs in Bataan, Philippines; development of a textbook for instruction in English as a Second Language (ESL); viewing cultural orientation as learning a system of relationships; teaching vocabulary to upper-level students; using students' skills to generate language; meeting the needs of upper-level ESL students; a work experience program; a culturally-oriented language lab curriculum; video as a training tool; and follow-up discussions in cultural orientation. (MSE)

This bibliography contains annotations of reports, reviews, conference proceedings, other documents, and journal articles on computer based education (CBE), most of which were derived from a search of the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) system. Covering June 1976 through August 1980, this compilation serves as an update to two earlier papers--"The Best of ERIC: Recent Trends in Computer Assisted Instruction" (1973) and "Computer Assisted Instruction: The Best of ERIC 1973-May 1976." A brief introduction discusses instructional methods included in computer based education and explains the subject headings used in the bibliography: (1) historical references; (2) new technology, such as artificial intelligence and videodiscs; (3) new audiences, such as off-campus, handicapped, or incarcerated learners; (4) various content area applications including fields such as English, health sciences, languages, and social studies; (5) developmental efforts such as PLATO, TICCIT, and others concerned with teacher training; (6) basic research in computer assisted instruction; and (7) conference proceedings on computers in education. An author index is included as well as information for ordering ERIC documents. (BK)

A strategy to assist in community development can help rural schools in rapidly growing areas meet the changing educational needs of their communities. Such a strategy should include gathering information about anticipated changes in the size and composition of the school population in order to plan for adequate staff and facilities. Planning for growth should also involve the consideration of service arrangements which best serve the community's needs, especially as community members begin to respond to four major growth-related changes: superinflation, service demands in excess of service capabilities, change in socio-cultural structure, and increased people problems, such as oldtimer-newcomer conflicts. Schools can be a logical catalyst for initiating important service arrangements such as consultation with mental health and social service agencies. Schools can also help foster the formation of formal interagency networks which in turn support community development as a whole. As rapid growth occurs in the rural community, schools can provide leadership and decision making simulations to improve the community's ability to respond to growth-related change. Rural schools can build around the unique educational needs of different age groups, including adults and the elderly, to address the educational needs of the entire community. (SB)

Annotations of 12 articles and a research report discuss procedures for selecting principals and other school administrators and examine the hiring process from the viewpoints of both the candidates and those doing the hiring. Three articles describe model selection processes and note the problems involved in job interviews, letters of recommendation, and impulsive hiring decisions. Two articles and a special journal issue report on assessment centers, including that of the National Association of Secondary School Principals, and look at the simulation techniques used in the centers. Principal selection from the candidate's viewpoint is presented in three further articles, one narrating a day of interviewing for a fictitious applicant and the others raising questions about"hidden agendas" and "old boy networks" in the hiring process. One article describes how a British Columbia (Canada) school system develops administrators from within the district, and an article and the research report review the factors and characteristics of candidates emphasized by administrators in selecting principals. (RW)

The three 1987 issues of the Journal of Refugee Education include articles on the following topics: on-the-job training; preparing refugee children for elementary school programs; examining attitudes and stereotypes through video; older teenagers at the Bataan (Philippines) refugee site; developing a survey course in Indonesian culture for secondary school students; the refugee translator's perspective; intercultural communication; a traditional medicine center; English as a second language (ESL) curriculum development; refugee hesitancy to ask questions; refugee artists; teaching community services; a conversation with two Lao monks; variety and choice in cultural orientation courses; the Dega people; job interview simulation; fluency building; cultural orientation for and special problems of Eastern European refugees; Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages annual meeting session summaries; drama for secondary students; a writing program; resume writing; developing ESL literacy in young children; mental health service delivery; student newspapers; staff development; the Cao Dai religion; U.S. resettlement status; ESL reading for young children; the Black Tai; informal language testing; student map making; new teacher experiences; history instruction; preparation for bureaucracy; native language literacy; the community as a language resource; low-level ESL teaching techniques; and visits to overseas refugee sites. (MSE)

This subject bibliography on simulations and games in education is composed of three parts. First there is an index of the 60 categories covered--e.g., Administrator Education, Exceptional Children, Physical Education, Teacher Education. Next there is an overview or short description of each of the 60 categories. Finally, there is the bibliography itself; the resource materials are in alphabetical order within the categories. ED (ERIC Document) numbers indicate that the entry comes from "Resources in Education." An EJ (ERIC Journal) prefix indicates that the entry is listed in the "Current Index to Journals in Education." (JD)

Five simulations for addressing science-related social issues in either the secondary science or social studies classroom are presented. Following a foreword, introduction, and description of the conceptual basis for the activities, each of the activities is presented in its entirety. Complete teacher and student materials for conducting each of the following simulations is presented: storage of spent nuclear fuel, control of recombinant DNA, the acid rain controversy, toxic waste controls, and the controversy over seabed mining. Each simulation follows a standard format emphasizing student skills of information processing, problem solving and group decision making. Students are divided into groups representing a decision-making body and pro, con, and compromise positions on a given issue. Students research their position using provided data and library resources, ultimately using their findings to support their group's position in a simulated public or agency hearing on the subject. Each activity contains step-by-step instructions and student handouts. Each simulation takes approximately two weeks. (LP)

Designed to serve as a means of communication among life science educators who anticipate or are currently using microcomputers as an educational tool, this volume of newsletters provides background information and practical suggestions on computer use. Over 80 articles are included. Topic areas include: (1) using a personal computer in a plant physiology course; (2) annual report and directory; (3) Apple workstations; (4) hypercard; (5) expert systems; (6) computer graphics for simulations; (7) the use of computer simulations to reinforce laboratory experiences; (8) Stella simulation software; (9) software evaluation; and (10) authoring systems. Also provided are guidelines for the preparation and submission of articles to the newsletter, subscription information, indexes for each volume, and lists of meetings and synopses. "Where's the Software?" and "Keeping Abreast of the Literature" are periodic feature articles. (CW)

This journal contains a series of articles dealing with business education generally, and courses in Ohio particularly. Included in the volume are the following articles: "Ohio Business and Office Education: FY 82," by Daniel J. Vicarel; "Making a Guest Speaker an Effective Experience," by Wilma Swearingen; "The Impact of Today's Technology," by Anna Laura Bennington and Stanley Pogrow; "Competition in the Typewriting Classroom," by Larry G. Siferd; "Your Resource Files: System or Chaos?" by Ernestine A. Kyle; "The Older Worker and Vocational Education," by Michael W. Galbraith and Jerry G. Davis; "'You Viewpoint' Means You, Too, Business Teacher," by Barbara Humphrys; "So You Think Shorthand is Not in Demand," by Margaret A. Fulwiler; "Teaching the Art of Listening," by Betty H. Hartley; "Meeting the Challenge of New Office Technologies," by M. Lee Goodard; "Does the Office Copier Have a Place in Your Curriculum?" by Dennis E. Bauer; "The Disabled Can Do the Job . . . and Do it Excellently," by Frances Mostel Poggioli; "Simulation Exercises: A Key to Approaching Reality in the Classroom," by Louis Olivas and Barry L. Van Hook; "Try the Mirror Approach in Accounting," by Charles Hamed; and "How to Get a Microcomputer in Business Education," by Robert K. Eley. (MN)

The purpose of this book is to help teachers feel at ease with microcomputers so that they will begin to think of computers as tools that they themselves might use. There are four chapters. The first chapter provides basic information to help a user understand the computer. Discussed are how the computer is put together and how it works. To help teachers generate ideas about how this new educational aid might be useful in terms of their own teaching objectives, the second chapter describes why and how other educators are using the computer. Chapter 3 is an introduction to software evaluation, i.e., how computer programs that are available for use in the classroom can be judged. Criteria are presented. It is suggested that teachers using computer-assisted instruction should have a feel for some of the broader issues related to computers in education, as well as practical knowledge. The purpose of the fourth chapter, which deals with social and educational issues and directions, is to provide a perspective about these broader issues and a context into which teachers might place their own activities. Most of the book's readings provide a bibliography of references and further resources. In addition, a list of resources available through the ERIC system is provided. (RM)

This paper describes an experiment in using the "scenario," a concept parallel to that of the case study, as a research tool for obtaining information about possible sex discrimination in personnel decisions by high school principals in South Australia. A review of the literature indicated that in spite of legislation aimed at elimination of sex discrimination and the creation of agencies to enforce this legislation, sex role stereotyping in work roles for men and women was still commonplace. Accordingly, researchers used a survey-experiment research design to ascertain the existence, extent, and nature of sex discrimination in situations demanding personnel decisions. Respondents assumed the role of executive vice president in a hypothetical organization and were provided with ll scenarios requiring managerial decisions involving selection, promotion, development, supervision, discipline, and various kinds of personal conflicts. Two versions of the questionnaire were prepared, with sex roles reversed for key figures in each scenario. Findings, displayed in tables, reveal that some scenarios present no difficulties regarding the principal's decision, whether the staff member is a male or female teacher. Although replies to Scenario 6 implied that decisions on personal problems are likely to indicate sex discrimination, and replies to Scenario 9 implied that a man's career was considered more important than that of a woman, findings did not support any general conclusion that school principals consistently differentiate between men and women in their personnel decisions. (TE)

Five sets of activities for students are included in this document. Each is designed for use in junior high and secondary school mathematics instruction. The first Note concerns mathematics on postage stamps. Historical procedures and mathematicians, metric conversion, geometric ideas, and formulas are among the topics considered. Successful simulation is the focus of the second Note, with activities on planning a supermarket, bowling and random digits, and other suggestions for using a random digit table. The third set of activities concerns proof; geometric, algebraic, and numerical formulas are each considered. Golden rectangles and ratios are included in the fourth topic, with a physical model for generating golden rectangles, directions for constructing a golden rectangle and generating golden ratios via Logo, and comments on the divine proportion. Finally, the fifth Note concerns primes, and includes work with the Sieve of Eratosthenes, twin primes, and other problems. (MNS)