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Purpose: To address the issues of the insufficient output torque associated with the application of intensifying-flux permanent magnet (PM) machines in electric vehicles, this paper aims to propose an intensifying-flux hybrid excitation PM machine. It is possible to adjust the air gap magnetic field by adjusting the field current in the excitation winding, thereby increasing the torque output capability and speed range of the machine. Design/methodology/approach: First, a novel intensifying-flux hybrid excited permanent magnet synchronous machine (IF-HEPMSM) is proposed on the basis of intensifying-flux permanent magnet synchronous machine (IF-PMSM) and an equivalent magnetic circuit model is established. Second, the tooth width and yoke thickness of the machine stator are optimized to ensure the overload capacity of the machine while effectively improving the wide flux regulation range. Furthermore, the electromagnetic characteristics of the IF-HEPMSM are investigated and compared with the IF-PMSM and conventional permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) by using finite element simulations. Findings: The id of IF-HEPMSM and IF-PMSM is greater than zero low-speed magnetizing current. And the flux-weakening current of the IF-HEPMSM is 18% and 3% smaller than of the conventional PMSM and IF-PMSM. Practical implications: Aiming at the problems of IF-PMSM applied to electric vehicles, this paper proposes an IF-HEPMSM. The air gap magnetic field is adjusted by controlling the current of the excitation winding to improve the reliability of the machine. Therefore, the IF-HEPMSM combines the advantages of high-power density and high efficiency of the PMSM and the controllable magnetic field of the electro-excitation machine, which is of great engineering value when applied in the field of electric vehicles. Originality/value: The proposed IF-HEPMSM offers better flux regulation capability with electromagnetic characteristics analysis and maps of dq-axis current as compared to IF-PMSM and conventional PMSM. Moreover, the improvement of the torque can make up for the shortcomings of the insufficient torque output capability of the IF-PMSM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to nonrenewable energy consumption and environmental pollution, the development of electric vehicles has accelerated. The safety of electric vehicles has garnered considerable attention. There are numerous incalculable foreign objects on the road that may collide with or scratch the battery-pack's frontal, resulting in battery-pack system damage or even explosion. This poses a significant risk to the safety of passengers and drivers. In this paper, a diversity of mechanical safety prediction models for battery-pack systems are proposed. These models support data-driven structural optimization of the battery-pack system by utilizing the numerical results of the bottom shell deformation. These simulation-based prediction models combine response surface method and machine learning algorithms. First, a nonlinear finite element model of the battery-pack system is established. The efficacy of the model is verified using constrained modal analysis in a variety of commercial software packages. Second, the collision simulations are executed and the data in various collision conditions are collected. Different sample sizes are used to develop various response surface models and machine learning models. The machine learning algorithms adopt support vector machine, Gaussian process regression, and neural network models. Third, the prediction accuracy of multiple prediction models is investigated according to error functions. The results show that the neural network model can predict the most accurate deformation under the condition of low speed frontal impact. The prediction average absolute percentage error of the neural network model is only 0.34% within the design domain, and only 2.54% outside the design domain. The proposed prediction model can be used for reliable design of the battery-pack system in electric vehicles. It also can be employed to design the early warning system of the battery-packs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to present a modified interleaved boost converter (MIBC) topology for improving the reliability and efficiency of power electronic systems. Design/methodology/approach: The MIBC topology was implemented with two parallel converters, operated with a −180 degree phase shift. Using this methodology, ripples are reduced. The state-space model was analysed with a two-switch MIBC for different modes of operation. The simulation was carried out and validated using a hardware prototype. Findings: The performance of the proposed MIBC shows better output voltage, current and power than the interleaved boost converter (IBC) for the solar PV array. The output power of the proposed converter is 1.353 times higher than that of existing converters, such as boost converter (BC) and IBC. The output power of the four-phase IBC is 30 kW, whereas that of the proposed two-phase MIBC is 40.59 kW. The efficiency of MIBC was better than that of IBC (87.01%). By incorporating interleaved techniques, the total inductor current is reduced by 29.60% compared with the existing converter. Practical implications: The proposed MIBC can be used in a grid-connected system with an inverter circuit for DC-to-AC conversion, electric vehicle speed control, power factor correction circuit, high-efficiency converters and battery chargers. Originality/value: The work presented in this paper is a modified version of IBC. This modified MIBC was modelled using the state-space approach. Furthermore, the state-space model of a two-phase MIBC was implemented using a Simulink model, and the same was validated using a hardware setup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In this paper, the authors aim to consider the manufacturer's battery research and development (R&D) decision under subsidy. The supply chain includes two manufacturers, which produce substitutable electric vehicles, and a battery supplier. One of the manufacturers can choose to develop batteries or buy batteries. The authors assume consumers do not have enough trust in the manufacturer-made battery. Design/methodology/approach: Stackelberg game is made use of to study the battery R&D strategy of the manufacturer under the incentive of government subsidies. This paper makes a comparative analysis on six situations, then the authors get some conclusions and give some managerial insights. Findings: The results show that subsidy strategies do not necessarily reduce actual payments when the manufacturer does not research and develop batteries. The retail prices and actual payments are closely related to the substitutability and total cost advantage of product. The authors also find consumer trust positively affects the demand of the electric vehicles using the manufacturer-made batteries and then affects the manufacturer's battery R&D decision. When consumers have low trust in manufacturer-made battery, subsidy can bring greater sales and make R&D more profitable than procurement, so that the manufacturer chooses R&D. This study's findings also suggest consumer subsidy is always better for the government. Originality/value: Distinguished from previous studies, the authors discuss the decision-making of component research, and introduce various government subsidy strategies and consumer trust to study their roles in the manufacturer's battery R&D choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Electric vehicles (EVs) based multiple fuel supply system modelling are developed. • A novel hybrid fuzzy MCDM model for solving FSSMA problems is proposed. • PPH–FWZIC is used to determine the weights of the sustainable fuel consideration. • MARCOS method are applied to rank the FSSMA alternatives. Various companies have developed electric vehicle (EV)-based multiple fuel supply system modeling approaches (FSSMAs). Nonetheless, no superior approach concurrently satisfies all essential criteria, including 'sustainability' and 'fuel consideration' criteria. Furthermore, benchmarking the FSSMA alternatives to determine the most sustainable ones does not come without issues. The five main most common concerns are the use of various evaluation criteria, effecting the weights of the criteria with sublayers, criteria prioritization, trade-offs among the criteria, and data variations. Thus, this study proposes a novel FSSMA for EV benchmarking based on two methods—the Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets and fuzzy weighted zero inconsistency (PPH–FWZIC) and the measurement of alternatives and ranking according to the compromise solution (MARCOS)—which are integrated as a single method. The PPM–FWZIC method was developed to solve the criteria prioritization issue, while the MARCOS method was developed to solve the various evaluation criteria, trade-offs among the criteria, and data variation issues to benchmark the FSSMA for EV alternatives. The integrated multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) method allows the system to perform a backward scoring process (BSP) and derive a scoring decision matrix from the formulated decision matrices that are performed based on the feed-forward data presentation (FFDP) procedure to solve the multiple criteria layers that affect the proper assessment of the impact of a certain criterion and its subcriteria in the weighting purpose issues. Subsequently, the FSSMAs for EVs are benchmarked, and the most sustainable approach is selected. The results were tested via sensitivity analysis and the Spearman correlation coefficient. The present study is also compared with a benchmark study based on a benchmarking checklist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers found enough lithium to meet projected world demand in 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Direct Yaw Moment Control (DYC) is a widely utilized technique for electric vehicles equipped with In-Wheel Motors (IWMs) to ensure yaw stability. However, most existing DYC studies calculate the additional control yaw moment solely based on the torque differences among the four IWMs, disregarding the nonlinear tire characteristics and wheel rotational movements. When road conditions are poor or torque changes are intense, the tire may slip, preventing it from generating the required longitudinal tire force for the desired direct yaw moment. To address this challenge, this study introduces a coordination control strategy for motion stability and tire slip in electric vehicles (EV) driven by IWMs. To enhance control performance, the nonlinear tire characteristics and wheel rotational movements are integrated into the modeling process when calculating tire forces. Additionally, a state and parameter coupling estimation algorithm is utilized to obtain feedback on tire parameters and vehicle motion states. Using these estimation results as a foundation, a coordination strategy is developed to achieve reference motion state tracking and tire slip ratio control. The Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm is employed to solve the control problem with constraints on both control inputs and outputs, and the estimation results are utilized to update the control model as well as provide states feedback. Simulations and experiments are conducted to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. The results demonstrate that our proposed control strategy effectively improves vehicle stability by coordinating vehicle motion and tire slip control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NASCAR is in Chicago for the second annual street race in the city, and the circuit took the opportunity to introduce fans into the next generation of racing. On Saturday, NASCAR unveiled a prototype for an electric vehicle, which would be the first of its kind in a national stock car racing... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the joint scheduling of deferrable demands (e.g., the charging of electric vehicles) and storage systems in the presence of random supply, demand arrivals, processing costs, and subject to processing rate limit constraint. We formulate the scheduling problem as a dynamic program so as to minimize the expected total cost, the sum of processing costs, and the noncompletion penalty (incurred when a task is not fully processed by its deadline). Under mild assumptions, we characterize an optimal index-based priority rule: Tasks with less laxity should be processed first, and for two tasks with the same laxity, the task with a later deadline has the priority. Based on the established optimal control policy characterizations (on resource allocation among multitasks and storage operation), we propose to apply data-driven reinforcement learning (RL) methods to make energy procurement decisions. Numerical results show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms existing RL methods combined with the earliest deadline first priority rule (by reducing 26%–32% of system cost). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

UL LLC is an independent, organization that has been evaluating products in the interest of public safety for over 100 years. UL staff is involved in many aspects of the wire and cable industry and have worked with code authorities, manufacturers and various technical committees to develop Standards for Safety for the wire and cable industry. This paper covers the following topics: 1. New proposals to UL's Wire and Cable standards 2. Consejo de Armonizacion de Normas Electrotecnicas de Las Naciones de Las Americas (CANENA) harmonization activities, both binational with either the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or Asociación de Normalización y Certificación (ANCE) and trinational with CSA and ANCE. 3. Recent revisions to UL's Wire and Cable standards 4. Recently established Outlines of Investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With 11 drive modes (including all-electric) and a price tag starting at $258,000, this new luxury SUV from Lamborghini is ready to hit the road, and Forbes was among the first to climb inside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New, affordable models, better technology, more charging likely to aid pioneering maker of electronic vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The connected vehicle has been a topic of discussion for the industry for years. This year at Mobile World Congress, Verizon Business shared news about partnerships with Audi and AFEELA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper deals with a structural optimization to maximize the no-load flux control capability of a double excitation synchronous machine (DESM). The air-gap flux in this machine type can be regulated by controlling the field currents. In this paper, this curve in the no-load condition is referred to as the flux control range (FCR). Maximizing the gap between the minimum-flux and maximizing the maximum-flux points of this curve is targeted to improve the controlling effectiveness of the field windings, and reduce field winding's copper losses. This gap is affected by two factors: the magnetic saturation and thermal limits of the machine. Thermal analyses are rarely focused for the DESM type in the literature. The contribution of this paper is to maximize the FCR gap taking into account the thermal limitation. In addition, a general guide for the DESM design will be also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The paper focuses on single and multiple current sensors fault detection and isolation (FDI) for induction motor (IM) drives using only two current sensors. Two model based diagnosis methods are proposed to estimate the current residuals dynamics in the stationary reference frame: The first one is a differential algebraic estimation of fault dynamics and the second one is based on a combination of the Robust Integral Sign of the Error (RISE) observer with the algebraic approach. After detecting the fault occurrence, a logic based decision unit is then built to identify the faulty sensors. The resulting residuals are robust to load torque disturbances. Moreover, the developed fault estimators are simple with a 1-D model, based only on the input–output measurements and their derivatives and do not require a bank of observers. Furthermore, the used residual threshold is well defined and is suitable for the whole operating range. The ability of diagnosing the recovery of a sensor from a fault is also demonstrated. The validity of the developed approaches is analytically proved and a comparative study is carried out between the two FDI schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

EV billionaires He Xiaopeng, William Li and Li Shufu are up this week, as is power module maker Patrizio Vinciarelli and the world's richest person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Breezeline spokesperson said the company expects to retrofit additional gas-powered vehicles over the next year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Musk's prediction follows a series of failed forecasts from the billionaire estimating driverless cars are just around the corner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese steelmaker Jiangsu Delong Nickel Industry has partially sold its steelmaking feedstock capacity in Indonesia to a compatriot new energy giant in the face of a supply glut, multiple sources told Fastmarkets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Washington State officials plan to mandate Tesla's charging plug following an identical decision made by Texas this week. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The partnership was announced through a Twitter Spaces broadcast with Tesla CEO Elon Musk and GM CEO Mary Barra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After decades of making chemicals used to make plastic foams for sneakers, Korea-listed Kumyang jumped into the hot battery business last year. The move sent shares of the company soaring by more than 1,000% since and catapulted Kumyang's CEO, Ryu Kwang-ji, onto the Korea's 50 Richest list. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the growing popularity of electric vehicles charge up demand for battery components, shares of South Korea-listed chemicals group EcoPro have surged almost 230% since the beginning of the year, making its founder and chairman, Lee Dong-chae, a billionaire in the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium prices in China continued to trend downward in the week to Thursday December 8, with market participants citing weakening downstream from the battery sector and caution among consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the electric vehicle (EV) drive efficiency of a traction motor considering regenerative braking according to various motor cores.Design/methodology/approach A software program was developed to predict the driving performance of an EV. It determines the driving mileage, the required power of the traction motor, and the operation points on a torque-speed map when drive cycles are given. The driving performance is calculated from the battery capacity, vehicle specification, and efficiency map of the traction motor computed using the finite element analysis.Findings As a result, the motor core is a significant design variable for raising the driving mileage of an EV. It is noted that the change of electrical steels used for the motor core is the lowest priced method of increasing the driving range by 2 km.Originality/value The comparative analysis of motor core by replacing 35PN250 to 25PNX1250F results in improvement effects traveling 4.62 and 5.16 km farther in the Simplified Federal Urban Driving Schedule (SFUDS) and Highway Fuel Economy Driving Schedule (HWFET), respectively. It was also verified that regenerative braking system is able to enhance drive efficiency by 29-31.3 km in the SFUDS and 6.5-7.3 km in the HWFET. From comparison of price rise for increasing driving mileage by 2 km, it is noted that the change of electrical steels used for the motor core is the lowest priced method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation has become one of the central elements of business competitiveness in a more and more globalized environment. Innovation is a key factor for fulfilling the objectives, moreover in a difficult economic situation as the present one. A competitive market requires a continuous improvement of products based on research and innovation. Concrete pavements industry has steadily innovated for the last 40 years. Materials, designs and equipments have been affected by this process and differences between current pavements and the pavements of the 80's are obvious. This paper reviews the main breakthroughs from this period and describes present innovations: photocatalytic, photoluminescent and electric concrete pavements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate a five-phase permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) that features high-power density and high-fault-tolerant capability for electric vehicles (EVs). Design/methodology/approach – The five-phase 20-slot/18-pole PMSM is designed by finite-element method. Two typical rotor structures which include Halbach array and rotor eccentricity are compared to achieve sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF). The influence of slot dimensions on leakage inductance and short-circuit current is analyzed. The method to reduce eddy current loss of permanent magnets (PMs) is investigated. The machine performances under both healthy and fault conditions are evaluated. Finally, thermal behavior of the machine is studied by Ansys. Findings – With both no-load and load performances considered, rotor eccentricity is proposed to reduce the harmonic contents of EMF. Increasing slot leakage inductance is an effective way to limit the short-circuit current. By segmenting PMs in circumferential direction, the PM eddy current loss is reduced and the machine efficiency is improved. With proper fault-tolerant control strategy, acceptable torque performance can be achieved under fault conditions. The proposed machine can safely operate under Class F insulation. Originality/value – So far, many researches focus on multiphase PMSMs used in aviation fields, such as fuel pump and electric actuator. Differing from PMSMs used in aviation applications, machines for EVs require characteristics like wide speed ranges and variable operating conditions. Hence, this paper proposes a five-phase 20-slot/18-pole PMSM for EVs. The proposed design methodology is applicable to multiphase PMSMs with different slot/pole combinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue could cause some vehicles to lose power steering assist when driving over rough roads or hitting potholes, which could increase the risk of crashing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – To foster the grid integration of both electric vehicles (EV) and renewable generators, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible synergies between these players so as to jointly improve the production predictability while ensuring a green mobility. It is here achieved by the mean of a grid commitment over the overall power produced by a collaborative system which here gathers a photovoltaic (PV) plant with an EV fleet. The scope of the present contribution is to investigate the conditions to make the most of such an association, mainly regarding to the management strategies and optimal sizing, taking into account forecast errors on PV production. Design/methodology/approach – To evaluate the collaboration added value, several concerns are aggregated into a primary energy criterion: the commitment compliance, the power spillage, the vehicle charging, the user mobility and the battery aging. Variations of these costs are computed over a range of EV fleet size. Moreover, the influence of the charging strategy is specifically investigated throughout the comparison of three managements: a simple rule of thumb, a perfect knowledge deterministic case and a charging strategy computed by stochastic dynamic programming. The latter is based on an original modeling of the production forecast error. This methodology is carried out to assess the collaboration added value for two operators’ points of view: a virtual power plant (VPP) and a balance responsible party (BRP). Findings – From the perspective of a BRP, the added value of PV-EV collaboration for the energy system has been evidenced in any situation even when the charging strategy is very simple. On the other hand, for the case of a VPP operator, the coupling between the optimal sizing and the management strategy is highlighted. Originality/value – A co-optimization of the sizing and the management of a PV-EV collaborative system is introduced and the influence of the management strategy on the collaboration added value has been investigated. This gave rise to the presentation and implementation of an original modeling tool of the PV production forecast error. Finally, to widen the scope of application, two different business models have been tackled and compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Black mass" - the remains of a battery pack after end-of-life shredding and processing - will need a common set of global specifications for recycled battery raw materials for it to be commoditized, Blue Horizon Capital index fund president Tony Fusco told Fastmarkets in an interview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bulk of scrap metal recyclers in the United Kingdom have seen their fuel costs triple in less than two months since the sector was banned from using red diesel (RD) which costs only half of normal diesel, an industry body said. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global automobile maker Stellantis and lithium projects developer Controlled Thermal Resources (CTR) announced on Thursday June 2 that they signed a binding offtake agreement regarding the lithium to be produced at CTR's Hell's Kitchen project in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper covers innovative issues to obtain energy from the roads through projects and studies that improve the road safety and sustainability. From the recycling of the unused energy braking forces that can recharge the future electric vehicles in vials until the special energy of the sun during the day to inform us in adverse environmental conditions, using holograms on our roadways. Geothermal pavement applications defrosting a way by reusing the heat, or the conversion of an impact energy in an accident against a security barrier into a SOS interpreting the data instantly. Use of low temperature asphalt more environmentally friendly or lighting control to improve the performance. Measures very different, studying or applied, that will save us nearly a 20% the management and maintenance of the road today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) will increasingly need collaborative partners to recycle electric vehicle (EV) batteries amid the decarbonization and energy transition boom, Retriev Technologies & Battery Solutions chief executive David Klanecky told Fastmarkets in an interview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automaker Fisker unveiled a teaser image of an electric GT sports car called Ronin coming in 2024 that will integrate the battery pack inside the vehicle's structure, among other unusual features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese battery maker Contemporary Amperex Technology (CATL) has cooperated with two Indonesian state-owned companies on an electric vehicle (EV) battery integration project, the Chinese company announced on Friday April 15. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric vehicles accounted for one in three new UK car registrations in March 2022, according to data released by the UK's Society of Motor Manufacturers & Traders (SMMT) on Tuesday April 5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GM and Honda have been working together for years and are now expanding that relationship to co-develop electric vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Britishvolt has partnered with Aston Martin to develop high-performance battery cell technology for use in the luxury automaker's electric vehicles (EVs), the investor in battery cell technologies and research and development said. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the restoration of the 1965 Ford Mustang convertible automobile of Duke Altschuler, owner of Duke's Garage company. It discusses the attempt of Altschuler to replace his 1965 Ford Mustang convertible automobile's piston engine with a battery pack and two electric motors. Information on his interest of collecting and restoring classic cars into a business is also provided.

The car manufacturer aims to overtake Tesla as the EV king. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The legacy automaker's stock is at its highest level in over 20 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese lithium producer Sichuan Yahua Industrial Group Co Ltd and cathode materials producer XTC New Energy Materials (Xiamen) Co Ltd will establish a joint venture to produce lithium iron phosphate (LFP) material, the company said on Tuesday December 14. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using high profile directors and celebrities, new showrooms and publicity stunts, EV markers have been evolving how they reach buyers. But will the strategies fuel a more permanent switch? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Belgian battery materials manufacturer Umicore and German automotive producer Volkswagen AG plan to establish a joint venture (JV) to build up electric vehicle (EV) battery precursor and cathode material production capacities in Europe to supply the latter's European battery cell production, the company said on Wednesday December 8. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium market participants across the supply chain are increasingly keen to move away from fixed prices or trade data-linked indices in their long-term contracts for seaborne units and toward a floating pricing mechanism. This comes at a time when the lithium market is estimated to remain at a deficit in 2022, sources said. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rivian's first earnings as a public company showed that ramping up production levels will be no piece of cake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concerns that the $1.2 trillion infrastructure measure signed into law by President Biden could only go for maintenance of roads and bridges have led some to urge more innovative, cleaner tech [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Countries attending the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference - COP26 - in Glasgow launched a breakthrough agenda to work together to accelerate the development and implementation of clean technologies and sustainable solutions to meet the Paris Agreement goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocean features recycled plastic bottles and T-shirts, Silicon Carbide inverters, torque vectoring and unique Revolve infotainment screen [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]