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The 2015 M7.2 Sarez (Pamir) earthquake occurred at the north‐west margin of the Tibetan Plateau. We use Sentinel‐1 and ALOS‐2 Synthetic Aperture Radar and Global Navigation Satellite System data to investigate coseismic and postseismic deformation due to the Sarez earthquake. Kinematic inversions show that the earthquake ruptured a ∼80 km long, sub‐vertical fault producing the maximum surface offset of 3–4 m on the south‐west and central fault segments. In contrast, the largest postseismic displacements are observed at the north‐east end of the earthquake rupture, predominantly on the west (hanging wall) side of the fault with an average rate of 20–30 mm/yr in the satellite line of sight. We use the derived coseismic and postseismic slip models to investigate mechanisms of time‐dependent relaxation, stress transfer and possible triggering relationships between the Sarez earthquake and a sequence of strong M6+ events that occurred within ∼100 km of the 2015 earthquake. We find that the near‐field postseismic displacements are best explained by shallow afterslip driven by the coseismic stress changes. The data also allow some contribution from poroelastic rebound, but do not show a clear signature of viscoelastic relaxation in the lower crust and upper mantle during the observation period, suggesting a lower bound on the effective viscosity of ∼1019Pa s. A pair of M6+ events that occurred within 100 km and several months of the 2015 mainshock have experienced near‐zero and in some cases negative static Coulomb stress changes, suggesting either delayed dynamic triggering, or no relation to the mainshock. Large earthquakes are often followed by slow deformation that results from redistribution and relaxation of coseismic stress changes in the host rocks. The patterns and rates of postseismic deformation can be used to learn about the properties of rocks at depth. We analyzed surface deformation that occurred during and after a major (magnitude 7.2) earthquake that occurred in the Pamir orogen at the north‐west margin of Tibet. We used radar imagery from satellites of the European and Japanese space agencies, as well as data from the Global Navigational Satellite System to measure subtle (centimeter‐scale) displacements of the Earth's surface that occurred within 100 km from the earthquake epicenter. A combination of coseismic and postseismic displacement data reveals that the earthquake rupture split into two branches as it was propagating from south‐west to north‐east. We found evidence of slow aseismic creep (“afterslip”) at the north‐east end of the earthquake rupture. In contrast, we do not observe a broad pattern of displacements expected from enhanced viscous flow in the lower crust and/or upper mantle. The lack of the respective signal argues for a relatively strong “ductile” portion of the Tibetan lithosphere. Near‐field postseismic deformation is dominated by shallow afterslip and poroelastic relaxation at the NE end of the earthquake ruptureData do not show a clear signal expected of viscoelastic relaxation, indicating effective viscosity of the lower crust >1019Pa sWe investigate triggering relationships between the M7.2 and subsequent M6+ events that occurred within 1 year and 100 km of the mainshock Near‐field postseismic deformation is dominated by shallow afterslip and poroelastic relaxation at the NE end of the earthquake rupture Data do not show a clear signal expected of viscoelastic relaxation, indicating effective viscosity of the lower crust >1019Pa s We investigate triggering relationships between the M7.2 and subsequent M6+ events that occurred within 1 year and 100 km of the mainshock

GPS velocities measured in the Pamir and surrounding regions show a total of ~30?mm/yr of northward relative motion between stable Pakistan and Eurasia. The convergence budget is partitioned into 10–15?mm/yr of localized shortening across the Trans-Alai Thrust, which bounds the Pamir on the north, consistent with southward subduction of intact lithosphere. Another 10–15?mm/yr of shortening is distributed across the Chitral Himalaya and Hindu Kush, suggesting that Hindu Kush seismicity might be related to northward subduction of Indian lithosphere. Modest shortening at <5?mm/yr occurs north of the Trans-Alai Thrust, across the South Tien Shan and between the Ferghana Valley and Eurasia. Negligible north-south shortening occurs within the high Pamir, but as much as 5?mm/yr, and perhaps 10?mm/yr, of east-west extension occurs within this region. This extension is matched by a comparable amount of east-west shortening in the Tajik Depression. The localization of shortening to the margins of the Pamir combined with observations of distributed internal extension implies that the east-west vertically averaged, horizontal compressive normal stress is smaller than the north-south compressive stress. There is a major surface zone of shortening corresponding to the Hindu KushThere are two marginal north-south shortening zones bounding the PamirEast-west extension of the Pamir matches shortening in the Tajik Depression