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Spatial clustering, which shares an analogy with single-cell clustering, has expanded the scope of tissue physiology studies from cell-centroid to structure-centroid with spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) data. Computational methods have undergone remarkable development in recent years, but a comprehensive benchmark study is still lacking. Here we present a benchmark study of 13 computational methods on 34 SRT data (7 datasets). The performance was evaluated on the basis of accuracy, spatial continuity, marker genes detection, scalability, and robustness. We found existing methods were complementary in terms of their performance and functionality, and we provide guidance for selecting appropriate methods for given scenarios. On testing additional 22 challenging datasets, we identified challenges in identifying noncontinuous spatial domains and limitations of existing methods, highlighting their inadequacies in handling recent large-scale tasks. Furthermore, with 145 simulated data, we examined the robustness of these methods against four different factors, and assessed the impact of pre- and postprocessing approaches. Our study offers a comprehensive evaluation of existing spatial clustering methods with SRT data, paving the way for future advancements in this rapidly evolving field.

Friction stir welding (FSW) was used to prepare Q235 low-carbon steel joint, and the microstructure of different zones of the joint was characterized. The electrochemical corrosion behavior of different macroscopic zones of the joint was evaluated in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The results showed that the retreated-side heat-affected zone (HAZRS) and the advanced-side heat-affected zone (HAZAS) did not undergo phase transformation during FSW, and their microstructures were similar to those of the base material (BM), which was mainly composed of blocky ferrite and pearlite. The retreated-side thermo-mechanical affected zone (TMAZRS), the stirring zone (SZ), and the advanced-side thermo-mechanical affected zone (TMAZAS) underwent phase transformation, and the microstructure was mainly composed of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite. The order of the corrosion resistance of different micro-zones from high to low was: HAZRS> BM > HAZAS> TMAZRS> SZ > TMAZAS. The corrosion mechanism for BM, HAZRS, and HAZASwas mainly the dissolution of ferrite. By contrast, the corrosion mechanism for TMAZRS, SZ, and TMAZASwas mainly galvanic corrosion between proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite.

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Ti-1023 alloy during cooling from single-phase region to dual-phase region with the cooling rate of 1 °C/min were systematically investigated. As the final cooling temperature decreased, grain boundary α′martensite (α′GB), grain boundary αphase (αGB), Widmanstatten grain boundary αphase (αWGB), and Widmanstatten intragranular αphase (αWI) were sequentially precipitated. Correspondingly, mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of Ti-1023 alloy changed significantly. When the final cooling temperature was higher than 700 °C, tensile curve showed an obvious double-yielding phenomenon with elongation >20%. Whereas the final cooling temperature was lower than 700 °C, and the double-yielding phenomenon disappeared. This was mainly attributed to the fact that βstability of Ti-1023 alloys was enhanced with the increase of α(α′) precipitated phases. And the room temperature deformation mechanism gradually changed from stress-induced α″martensitic phase transformation to dislocation slip. Furthermore, strengthening mechanism of Ti-1023 alloy was analyzed in combination with grain size and precipitated phase effects.

Glutamate (Glu) has been reported to be closely related to the pathophysiology of Tic Disorders (TD). By using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), we aimed to investigate the relationship between in vivo Glu levels and the severity of TD. We performed a cross-sectional study in medication-free patients with TD and healthy controls aged between 5 and 13 years using 1H-MRS at 3 T. First, we measured the Glu levels in both patients and controls and observed the difference in subgroups, including mild TD patients and moderate TD patients. We then examined the correlations between the Glu levels and clinical features of the patients. Finally, we assessed the diagnostic value of 1H-MRS and the influencing factors. Our results show that the Glu levels in the striatum of all patients with TD were not significantly different from those of the healthy controls. Subgroup analysis revealed that the Glu levels in the moderate TD group were higher than those in the mild TD group and healthy controls. The correlation analysis showed that Glu levels are strongly positive correlated with TD severity. The optimal cutoff value of Glu levels to differentiate mild tics from moderate tics was 1.244, with a sensitivity of 88.2% and a specificity of 94.7%. Multiple linear regression models revealed that the severity of TD is one of the important factors that affect Glu levels. We conclude that Glu levels are mainly associated with the severity of tics, thus it could serve as a key biomarker for TD classification.

Accurate neonatal brain MRI segmentation is valuable for investigating brain growth patterns and tracking the progression of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, it is a challenging task to use intensity-based methods to segment neonatal brain structures because of small contrast differences between brain regions caused by the inherent myelination process. Although convolutional neural networks offer the potential to segment brain structures in an intensity-independent manner, they suffer from lack of in-plane long-range dependency which is essential for the segmentation. To solve this problem, we propose a novel Transformer-Weighted network (TW-Net) to incorporate in-plane long-range dependency information. TW-Net employs a conventional encoder-decoder architecture with a Transformer module in the middle. The Transformer module uses a rotate-and-flip layer to better calculate the similarity between two patches in a slice to leverage similar patterns of geometrical and texture features within brain structures. In addition, a deep supervision module and squeeze-and-excitation blocks are introduced to incorporate boundary information of brain structures. Compared with state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms, TW-Net outperforms these methods for multiple-label tasks in 2D and 2.5D configurations on two independent public datasets, demonstrating that TW-Net is a promising method for neonatal brain MRI segmentation.

Segmenting the fine structure of the mouse brain on magnetic resonance (MR) images is critical for delineating morphological regions, analyzing brain function, and understanding their relationships. Compared to a single MRI modality, multimodal MRI data provide complementary tissue features that can be exploited by deep learning models, resulting in better segmentation results. However, multimodal mouse brain MRI data is often lacking, making automatic segmentation of mouse brain fine structure a very challenging task. To address this issue, it is necessary to fuse multimodal MRI data to produce distinguished contrasts in different brain structures. Hence, we propose a novel disentangled and contrastive GAN-based framework, named MouseGAN++, to synthesize multiple MR modalities from single ones in a structure-preserving manner, thus improving the segmentation performance by imputing missing modalities and multi-modality fusion. Our results demonstrate that the translation performance of our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Using the subsequently learned modality-invariant information as well as the modality-translated images, MouseGAN++ can segment fine brain structures with averaged dice coefficients of 90.0% (T2w) and 87.9% (T1w), respectively, achieving around +10% performance improvement compared to the state-of-the-art algorithms. Our results demonstrate that MouseGAN++, as a simultaneous image synthesis and segmentation method, can be used to fuse cross-modality information in an unpaired manner and yield more robust performance in the absence of multimodal data. We release our method as a mouse brain structural segmentation tool for free academic usage at https://github.com/yu02019.

This study aimed to explore the value of deep learning (DL)-assisted quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in glioma grading and molecular subtyping. Forty-two patients with gliomas, who underwent preoperative T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2 FLAIR), contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1WI + C), and QSM scanning at 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in this study. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry staining were used to determine glioma grades, and isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH) 1 and alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked gene(ATRX) subtypes. Tumor segmentation was performed manually using Insight Toolkit-SNAP program (www.itksnap.org). An inception convolutional neural network (CNN) with a subsequent linear layer was employed as the training encoder to capture multi-scale features from MRI slices. Fivefold cross-validation was utilized as the training strategy (seven samples for each fold), and the ratio of sample size of the training, validation, and test dataset was 4:1:1. The performance was evaluated by the accuracy and area under the curve (AUC). With the inception CNN, single modal of QSM showed better performance in differentiating glioblastomas (GBM) and other grade gliomas (OGG, grade II–III), and predicting IDH1mutation and ATRXloss (accuracy: 0.80, 0.77, 0.60) than either T2 FLAIR (0.69, 0.57, 0.54) or T1WI + C (0.74, 0.57, 0.46). When combining three modalities, compared with any single modality, the best AUC/accuracy/F1-scores were reached in grading gliomas (OGG and GBM: 0.91/0.89/0.87, low-grade and high-grade gliomas: 0.83/0.86/0.81), predicting IDH1mutation (0.88/0.89/0.85), and predicting ATRXloss (0.78/0.71/0.67). As a supplement to conventional MRI, DL-assisted QSM is a promising molecular imaging method to evaluate glioma grades, IDH1mutation, and ATRXloss.

The genetic etiology and underlying mechanism of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain elusive. SHANKfamily genes (SHANK1/2/3) are well known ASD-related genes. However, little is known about how SHANKmissense mutations contribute to ASD. Here, we aimed to clarify the molecular mechanism of and the multilevel neuropathological features induced by Shank1mutations in knock-in (KI) mice. In this study, by sequencing the SHANK1gene in a cohort of 615 ASD patients and 503 controls, we identified an ASD-specific recurrent missense mutation, c.2621 G > A (p.R874H). This mutation demonstrated strong pathogenic potential in in vitro experiments, and we generated the corresponding Shank1R882H-KI mice. Shank1R882H-KI mice displayed core symptoms of ASD, namely, social disability and repetitive behaviors, without confounding comorbidities of abnormal motor function and heightened anxiety. Brain structural changes in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellar cortex were observed in Shank1R882H-KI mice via structural magnetic resonance imaging. These key brain regions also showed severe and consistent downregulation of mGluR1-IP3R1-calcium signaling, which subsequently affected the release of intracellular calcium. Corresponding cellular structural and functional changes were present in Shank1R882H-KI mice, including decreased spine size, reduced spine density, abnormal morphology of postsynaptic densities, and impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation and basal excitatory transmission. These findings demonstrate the causative role of SHANK1in ASD and elucidate the underlying biological mechanism of core symptoms of ASD. We also provide a reliable model of ASD with core symptoms for future studies, such as biomarker identification and therapeutic intervention studies.

Low sleep duration in adults is correlated with psychiatric and cognitive problems. We performed for the first time a large-scale analysis of sleep duration in children, and how this relates to psychiatric problems including depression, to cognition, and to brain structure. Structural MRI was analyzed in relation to sleep duration, and psychiatric and cognitive measures in 11,067 9–11-year-old children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, using a linear mixed model, mediation analysis, and structural equation methods in a longitudinal analysis. Dimensional psychopathology (including depression, anxiety, impulsive behavior) in the children was negatively correlated with sleep duration. Dimensional psychopathology in the parents was also correlated with short sleep duration in their children. The brain areas in which higher volume was correlated with longer sleep duration included the orbitofrontal cortex, prefrontal and temporal cortex, precuneus, and supramarginal gyrus. Longitudinal data analysis showed that the psychiatric problems, especially the depressive problems, were significantly associated with short sleep duration 1 year later. Further, mediation analysis showed that depressive problems significantly mediate the effect of these brain regions on sleep. Higher cognitive scores were associated with higher volume of the prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex, and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Public health implications are that psychopathology in the parents should be considered in relation to sleep problems in children. Moreover, we show that brain structure is associated with sleep problems in children, and that this is related to whether or not the child has depressive problems.

The flow behavior of Ti-55511 alloy was studied by hot compression tests at temperatures of 973−1123 K and strain rates of 0.01−10 s−1. Strain-compensated Arrhenius (SCA) and back-propagation artificial neural network (BPANN) methods were selected to model the constitutive relationship, and the models were further evaluated by statistical analysis and cross-validation. The stress−strain data extended by two models were implanted into finite element to simulate hot compression test. The results indicate that the flow stress is sensitive to deformation temperature and strain rate, and increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing temperature. Both the SCA model fitted by quintic polynomial and the BPANN model with 12 neurons can describe the flow behaviors, but the fitting accuracy of BPANN is higher than that of SCA. Sixteen cross-validation tests also confirm that the BPANN model has high prediction accuracy. Both models are effective and feasible in simulation, but BPANN model is superior in accuracy.

The efficient construction of π-conjugated polycyclic heteroarenes represents a significant task in the field of functional materials. A one-step oxidative tandem cyclization of aromatic acids with (benzo)thiophenes was developed to access planar sulfur-containing polycyclic heteroarenes. This protocol undergoes intermolecular cross-dehydrogenative coupling followed by intramolecular Friedel–Crafts acylation and provides a facile pathway to planar polycyclic compounds from inexpensive reactants. The synthesized heteroarenes serving as lipid-droplet-targeted probes exhibit outstanding performance with favorable biocompatibility and photostability.

Glioma is the most frequent form of malignant brain tumors. Surgical debulking is a major strategy for glioma treatment. However, there is a great challenge for the neurosurgeons to intraoperatively identify the true margins of glioma because of its infiltrative nature. Tumor residues or microscopic satellite foci left in the resection bed are the main reasons leading to early recurrence as well as poor prognosis. In this study, a surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) probe was developed to intraoperatively guide glioma resection. In this probe, molecular reporters with absorptive maxima at the near-infrared wavelength range were covalently functionalized on the surface of gold nanostars. This SERRS probe demonstrated an ultrahigh sensitivity with a detection limit of 5.0 pM in aqueous solution. By the development of glioma xenografts in a mouse dorsal skin window chamber, extravasation of this probe from leaky tumor vasculature as functions of time and distance to tumor boundary was investigated. Importantly, the invasive margin of the tumor xenograft was demarcated by this probe with a high signal-to-background ratio. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) first defined the position of orthotopic glioma xenografts in the brain of rat models, and the craniotomy plan was designed. The brain tumor was then excised intraoperatively step-by-step with the assistance of a handheld Raman scanner till the Raman signals of the probe completely disappeared in the resection bed. Notably, longitudinal MRI showed that SERRS-guided surgery significantly reduced the tumor recurrence rate and improved the overall survival of rat models compared with the white light-guided surgery. Overall, this work demonstrates the prognostic benefit of SERRS-guided glioma surgery in animal models. Because delineation of tumor-invasive margins is a common challenge faced by the surgeons, this SERRS probe with a picomolar detection limit holds the promise in improving the surgical outcome of different types of infiltrated tumors.

ABSTRACTTi-55531 alloy with an acicular α initial microstructure was hot-compressed at 998 K using strain rates of 0.001 and 1 s−1. The effects of strain rate on the fragmentation of acicular α were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) from the standpoint of grain boundary evolution, e.g. low/high angle boundaries (LABs/HABs), the evolution of microtexture and the destruction of the Burgers orientation relationship (BOR) at α/β boundaries. Changes in the LAB fraction and average misorientation up to equilibrium indicate that the formation of LABs and a subsequent transition to HABs are prerequisites for the fragmentation of acicular α. The weakening of microtexture results from the formation of LABs/HABs in acicular α and the destruction of the BOR at α/β boundaries.

Ti-55531 alloy with an acicular a initial microstructure was hot-compressed at 998?K using strain rates of 0.001 and 1?s-1. The effects of strain rate on the fragmentation of acicular a were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) from the standpoint of grain boundary evolution, e.g. low/high angle boundaries (LABs/HABs), the evolution of microtexture and the destruction of the Burgers orientation relationship (BOR) at a/ß boundaries. Changes in the LAB fraction and average misorientation up to equilibrium indicate that the formation of LABs and a subsequent transition to HABs are prerequisites for the fragmentation of acicular a. The weakening of microtexture results from the formation of LABs/HABs in acicular a and the destruction of the BOR at a/ß boundaries.

Evolution for the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) volume fraction of Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr-1Zr near β titanium alloy during hot deformation was characterized by using the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) equation. To determine the equation parameters, a series of thermal simulation experiments at the temperature of 1023–1098 K and strain rate of 0.001–1 s‒1to the true strain of 0.7 were conducted to obtain the essential data about stress σand strain ε. By further transforming the relationship of σversus εinto the relationship of strain hardening rate dσ/dεversus σ, two characteristic strains at the beginning of DRX (critical strain εc) and at the peak stress (peak strain εp) were identified from the dσ/dε-σcurves. Sequentially, the parameters in the JMAK equation were determined from the linear fitting of the different relationships among critical strain εc, peak strain εpand deformation conditions (including temperature T, strain rate ε˙$\dot \varepsilon $and strain ε). The as-obtained JMAK equation was expressed as XDRX=1-exp[-0.0053((ε-εc)/εc)2.1], where εc=0.6053εpand εp=0.0031ε˙$\dot \varepsilon $0.0081exp(28,781/RT). Finally, the JMAK equation was implanted into finite element program to simulate the hot compression of thermal simulation experiments. The simulation predictions and experimental results about the DRX volume fraction distribution showed a good consistency.

Laser shock peening (LSP) is a novel effective surface treatment method to improve the fatigue performance of turbine blades. To study the effect of LSP on combined low- and high-cycle fatigue (CCF) life of turbine blades, the CCF tests were conducted at elevated temperatures on two types of full-scale turbine blades, which were made of K403 by casting and GH4133B by forging. Probabilistic analysis was conducted to find out the effect of LSP on fatigue life of those two kinds of blades. The results indicated that LSP extended the CCF life of both casting blades and forging blades obviously, and the effect of LSP on casting blades was more evident; besides, a threshold vibration stress existed for both casting blades and forging blades, and the CCF life tended to be extended by LSP only when the vibration stress was below the threshold vibration stress. Further study of fractography was also conducted, indicating that due to the presence of compressive residual stress and refined grains induced by LSP, the crack initiation sources in LSP blades were obviously less, and the life of LSP blades was also longer; since the compressive residual stress was released by plastic deformation, LSP had no effect or adverse effect on CCF life of blade when the vibration stress of blade was above the threshold vibration stress.

In the face of sustainable energy development, electricity generation using liquid infiltration in small-sized channels has become one of the effective strategies to optimize energy utilization. As p-type semiconductors, CuO nanomaterials exhibit great potential in energy storage and conversion, which can be used as suitable active materials for constructing nanogenerators. In this study, we proposed CuO water infiltration–induced electrical devices based on starfish-like particles and nanowires (NWs) interwoven architecture. Attributed to the ionovoltaic effect, the electrical signal value is reflected by the difference in carrier concentration between wet and dry regions. Notably, we innovatively used the oxidation–reduction–reoxidation method to control the crystal structure of CuO. In addition, we examined the relationship between CuO microstructure and performance and further explored the effect of different reaction conditions on the device output performance. It was demonstrated that a single device (7.5 cm × 2.5 cm × 18.3 µm) can generate an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.67 V and a short-circuit current (Isc) of 2.49 μA at room temperature when 30 μL of 0.1 mol L−1NaCl solution permeates from one end of the film. Under a 0.5 mol L−1NaCl condition (seawater concentration), the device can generate a Vocof 0.82 V and an Iscof 2.70 μA, which is expected to be utilized in the field of sensors for identifying the different concentrations of ions.

Identifying symptom-specific convergent mechanisms for neurodevelopmental disorders is a promising strategy in advancing therapies. Here, we show that bidirectional dysregulation of Rac1 activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) dictates shared social deficits in mice. Selective upregulation or downregulation of Rac1 activity in glutamatergic or fast-spiking GABAergic neurons results in excessive or inadequate control of excitability combined with a decrease in glutamate or an increase in GABA concentrations and an increase in the GABA/glutamate ratio, which is responsible for social deficits. Notably, the autism model of Shank3Bknockout mice exhibits aberrantly enhanced Rac1 activity, reduced glutamate concentrations, and pyramidal neuron excitability in mPFC accompanied with social deficits, which were corrected by either excitatory-neuron-specific downregulation of Rac1 activity or upregulation of neuronal excitability. Thus, this work shows a convergence between genetic autism risk factors, dysregulation of Rac1 signaling, and excitation-inhibition imbalance, enabling mechanism-based stratification of patients with social deficits.

Four new polyol polyketides containing a decalin ring, nahuoic acids B–E (1–4), together with a known analogue, nahuoic acid A (5), possessing an unprecedented carbon skeleton, were isolated from a culture broth of the marine-derived Streptomycessp. SCSGAA 0027. Their structures were determined by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data and chemical transformations including acetonide formation and Mosher’s ester method. Compounds 1–5showed weak antibiofilm activity against Shewanella onedensisMR-1 biofilm. This is the first series of analogues of the novel selective SETD8 inhibitor nahuoic acid A.

The characteristics of working medium is one of the important factors for organic Rankine cycle.The study is based on the waste heat of power plant,7 kinds working medium are selected,include R245fa, R600, R600a, R601a, R236fa, R236ea and RC318.ORC's thermodynamic cycle characteristics are calculated based on the first law of thermodynamics,then,compared the thermal efficiency,evaporating pressure and power ratio of different working medium.Results show that R245fa and R601a as the ORC system working medium have higher thermal efficiency and power ratio,and lower evaporating pressure than other five working medium,are ideal organic working medium to recycle flue gas waste heat of power plant.Secondly,R600 as system cycle working medium also has relatively good performance,can be the appropriate choice of working medium.

A novel complex [Co(NO3)2(APTY)2H2O] (1) is synthesized based on 1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-{[(1E)-pyridine-4-ylmethylene]amino}-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one) antipyrine (APTY) and the structure of complex (1) is characterized via PXRD, SEM, FTIR and X-ray single crystal diffraction technique. It is found that the complex (1) has a good response to Fe3+ion with colorimetric yellow change. In addition, we demonstrate that the sensing mechanism of complex (1) could is due to the disruption of complex (1) framework and the formation of complex Fe-APTY. The stability, rapid response and low detection limit enable this complex (1) to be a good Fe3+ion chemical sensor for biological and environmental sensing applications.

For the recovery of an plaintext with different levels of values encrypted by permutation-only multimedia ciphers, a L-ary based chosen text construction method is first proposed in this paper. And plaintexts are created to reach the lower bound of the plaintext number required for chosen plaintext attacks which is given by Li et al. Then based on the created plaintexts, two attacks are proposed on permutation-only image/video ciphers. Finally the validity of the two attacks is proved by Proposition 2 and Proposition 3 respectively.

This paper focuses on the study of ALOHA software (Version 5.4.4), and expects to do some help for the rapid and accurate predetermination of involved areas and the efficient organization and direction of evacuation in different areas by the decision-maker who is in charge of the emergency rescue during accidents caused by hazardous chemicals. It may also have the practical application value by offering technical support for the on-spot commander for the purpose of taking effective measures for the emergency response.

Analyze the safety of the wire rope fixtures through experiment while constructing the COMAC ministry of installed plant. Pointed out the proper use of the provisions of the steel erection specification, and the number of provisions chuck is unsafe. The timely replacement of the shackle wire rope connection ensured the security of the lift process through experiments. This method can provide some experiences to the construction and fabrication of the steel member of the project.

Aluminum-based metallic material as the frame or the skin material is widely used in vehicle industrial production. The electrostatic charge accumulate on the surface of the material,because of triboelectrifiction with space particles. And the electrostatic discharge would impact the vehicle or appliance around enormously. In order to study the triboelectrifiction, principle of space particle and space charge is analyzed and theoretical calculation formula is derivate. The fact is found that the charge of material is growth in negative index with time dependence, and get steady at the end. The saturation value and saturation time will be decrease when the charge factor of space charged particle increases. To make sure the conclusion is right, a part material of one aerial vehicle is taken into the test. From the experimental results of different material, angular velocity and contact area, the conclusion gotten above is proved by test data.

How to degrade the delay time of gateway queuing with heavy network load in train communication networks is the key to guarantee the stability of the train. This article models the queue scheduling problem modeling into reinforcement learning process, puts forward an adaptive weights learning polling scheduling algorithm with the purpose of dynamic scheduling for vehicle gateway node queue. With the compare of algorithm in this paper and weighted round-robin scheduling algorithm in adequate and inadequate bandwidth resources situations, we have approved the superiority of the algorithm in this paper.

The flexible overall hoisting technique is put forward for the construction of the 30000m2 COMAC roof which is made of solder ball grid structure.  The numerical simulation is carried out and the effect of unequal lifting on structural behaviors is analyzed.  Numerical analysis and engineering practicing show that the overall flexible hoisting technique is with sufficient safety and obvious advantage in economy.

There are six key points, such as steel truss column, hoisting frame, hoisting point, wire rope, wire rope connecting in the hoisting system which we construct the COMAC ministry of installed plant. This timely monitoring of several key points in the promotion process is to enhance the process controlled several indicators. For different key points used different monitoring methods for monitoring. The results showed that 6 monitoring method is reasonable, feasible. This method can provide some experiences to the construction and fabrication of the steel member of the project.

A new cytotoxic and antiviral cyclic tetrapeptide, asperterrestide A (1), a new alkaloid, terremide C (2), and a new aromatic butenolide, aspernolide E (3), together with 10 known compounds were isolated from the fermentation broth of the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus terreusSCSGAF0162. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration of 1was determined by the Mosher ester technique and analysis of the acid hydrolysates using a chiral-phase HPLC column. Compound 1contains a rare 3-OH-N-CH3-Phe residue and showed cytotoxicity against U937 and MOLT4 human carcinoma cell lines and inhibitory effects on influenza virus strains H1N1 and H3N2.

The flexible overall hoisting technique is put forward for the construction of the 30000m2 COMAC roof which is made of solder ball grid structure. It is critical to study how to properly measure the four ropes length of each lifting point. Language tools use in AUTOCAD AUTOLISP appropriate programming has been an efficient tool to correctly output the length of the rope. This method can provide some experiences to the construction and fabrication of the steel member of the project.

Two new benzodiazepine alkaloids, circumdatins K and L (1, 2), two new prenylated indole alkaloids, 5-chlorosclerotiamide (3) and 10-epi-sclerotiamide (4), and one novel amide, aspergilliamide B (5), together with six known alkaloids were isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus Aspergillus westerdijkiaeDFFSCS013. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. All of the compounds were tested for cytotoxicity toward human carcinoma A549, HL-60, K562, and MCF-7 cell lines.

Unscented particle filter (UPF) has high accuracy of state estimation for nonlinear system with non-Gaussian noise. While the computation of traditional unscented particle filter is huge and this depends on the particle number. In this paper we propose a new adaptive unscented particle filter algorithm AUPF through improved relative entropy which can adaptively adjust the particle number during filtering. Firstly the relative entropy is used to measure the distance between the posterior probability density and the importance proposal and the least number of particles for the next time step is decided according to the relative entropy. Then the least number is adjusted to offset the difference between the importance proposal and the true distribution. This algorithm can effectively reduce unnecessary particles meanwhile reduce the computation. The simulation results show the effectiveness of AUPF.

Microporous carbons (MCs) for supercapacitors were prepared from coal tar pitch (CTP) with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as activating agent at different KOH/CTP mass ratio by different heating modes. The results show that the specific surface area (SBET), micropore surface area (Smic), total pore volume (Vt) and micropore volume ((Vmic) of MCs made by microwave heating at 30 min heating time increases with the KOH/CTP mass ratio, respectively. At 14/7 of the KOH/CTP mass ratio, the SBET of MCs made by microwave heating at 30 min heating time reaches 1786 m2/g while that of MCs made by conventional heating at 180 min heating time is 1769 m2/g. The specific capacitance and energy density of the former reaches 269 F/g and 9.2 Wh/kg in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte while that of the latter is up to 307 F/g and 10.5 Wh/kg, respectively. And yet, the former brings bigger MC yield and bigger retention of energy density. The effects of the pore size distribution and pore volume on the specific capacitance and energy density of MC samples with the similar SBET by different heating modes are addressed in this paper.

Porous Al2O3 ceramics with a lamellar pore microstructure have been fabricated by a directional freezing process using the micro-sized and nano-sized Al2O3 powders. At the same solid loading and freezing temperature, compared with the suspensions of micro-sized Al2O3, the porous ceramics prepared from the suspensions of nano-sized Al2O3 had the narrower lamellar pore channels and thicker channel walls, which were caused by the higher viscosity, stronger inter-particle attraction and more ice nucleation sites in the nano-sized Al2O3 suspensions. For both types of Al2O3 at a specific solid loading, with the increasing of freezing temperature, the wider pore channels and thinner channel walls were observed. These tendencies were weaker by using the nano-sized Al2O3 . The above results show the lower porosity in the ceramics using the nano-sized Al2O3. However, due to the higher sintering activity for the smaller particles, the pore channel walls by using the nano-sized Al2O3 was denser than using the micro-sized Al2O3, leading to the higher mechanical strength of ceramics.

This article established 3D FE model of dual-radius arc finishing groove and tangent expansion angle finishing groove using ANSYS / LS-DYNA software for Wuhan Iron and Steel plant Ф16 hot continuous bar, and analyzed metal flow pattern, stress and strain distribution of two types finishing grooves. The results show that surface stress and strain distribution of dual-radius arc finishing groove have better uniform than them of tangent expansion angle finishing groove, and dual-radius arc finishing groove ensures the stability of the rolled piece in finishing groove, improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of rolled finishing product.

Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from lignite by microwave heating ZnCl2. The pore structure parameters of AC are characterized by nitrogen adsorption technique. The AC and ruthenium oxide/AC composite are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscope. Electrochemical properties of ACs and ruthenium oxide/AC composite electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge–discharge after AC was pre-oxidized by HNO3 solution. The results show that the specific surface area and total pore volume of AC from lignite reaches 1310 m2 g-1 and 0.80 cm3 g-1, respectively. The micropore volume of AC from lignite totals only 12.5%. AC and ruthenium oxide/AC composite electrodes with 5wt.% ruthenium oxide loading show high cycle stability. Compared to pristine AC electrode, specific capacitance of ruthenium/AC composite electrode and energy density of ruthenium/AC capacitor after 100 charge-discharge cycles increases 40.8% and 39.1%, respectively.

The pipeline steel with excellent deformability with ferrite and bainite dual-phase microstructure are obtained by inter-critically accelerating cooling method, aiming to get good deformation capability of avoiding failure from the geological disasters such as landslides and earthquake. The influence of volume fraction of bainite on the mechanical properties of dual-phase pipeline steels was investigated by means of microscopic analysis method and mechanical properties testing. The results indicated that both yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the steels increase almost linearly with the increasing volume fraction of bainite, while ductility, work hardening exponent and impact absorption energy decrease. When the volume fraction of bainite is about 50%, the yield strength, the yield strength/tensile strength ratio (Y/T), work hardening exponent, uniform elongation and impact absorption energy of X80 pipeline steels with excellent deformability is 665MPa, 0.8, 0.12, 8% and 245J respectively.

The pipeline steels with excellent deformability becomes an important research direction of pipeline materials fields in recent years. In this study, the pipeline steels with excellent deformability was obtain by inter-critically accelerate cooling(ICAC) method, the influence of welding heat input on the microstructure and property of the coarse grain heat affect zone (CGHAZ) of X80 pipeline steels with excellent deformability is investigated using welding thermal simulation, mechanical testing and microstructure analysis. The result indicate that the strength and toughness of CGHAZ of X80 pipeline steels with excellent deformability decrease follow with welding heat input increase.

Direct preparation of activated carbon (AC) from coal was reported by microwave heating with potassium hydroxide as activation agent. Electrochemical properties of AC electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge–discharge. The results show that functional groups on AC include –C=O, –O–H and –C–O. The micropore volume of AC from different coal totals 48.5–95.6%. The total pore volume of AC from different coal passes through a maximum with the decrease of volatile mater content in coal. The specific surface area and total pore volume of AC from Qing ting coal reach 1874 m2 g-1 and 1.00 cm3 g-1, respectively. The specific capacitance and energy density of AC from higher coal rank is usually bigger than that of AC from lower coal rank.

Activated carbons (ACs) from petroleum coke by microwave heating KOH activation are treated by microwave to investigate the effect of microwave−treatment power on AC properties. The electrochemical properties of AC electrodes for supercapacitors were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge−discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume of microwave−treated ACs, specific capacitance and energy density of microwave−treated AC electrodes decreased. The electrical conductivity and stability of AC electrodes for supercapacitors were improved. Fast microwave−treatment is an efficient method to obtain suitable ACs for supercapacitors.

Activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by microwave−assisted heating of bituminous coal with KOH as activation agent in different gas media for supercapacitors. The pore structure parameters of ACs are obtained by using nitrogen adsorption technique. ACs prepared in static nitrogen, flowing nitrogen and carbon dioxide are denoted as ACStatic-N2, ACFlowing-N2, ACFlowing-CO2. The specific surface area of ACFlowing-N2 is the biggest among the three ACs, which reaches 1201 m2g-1 with total pore volume being at 0.64 cm3 g-1. The specific capacitance of ACFlowing-N2 electrode and energy density of ACFlowing-N2 capacitor is the biggest among the three AC samples with specific capacitance being at 302.6 F g-1 and energy density being at 10.1 Wh kg-1 after 400 cycles. The microwave−assisted KOH activation of coal is an efficient approach to the preparation of ACs for supercapacitors.

The influence of strain aging on the microstructure-property characterization of an X100 pipeline steel was investigated by means of a thermal simulation technique, microscopic analysis method and mechanical properties testing. The experimental steel was prestrained in the tension at 6 pct and then was baked at 150oC, 200oC, 250oC and 300oC for 60 minutes, respectively. The results indicated that the strength and hardeness of test steel X100 increase and the plasticity and toughness decrease with the increasing of strain aging temperature, and it can get a higher ratio of yield to tensile and a lower strain-hardening coefficient which result in lower hardening capacity of X100 pipeline steel. There are two reasons for this strain aging phenomenon. One is the solute atoms of C, N in the α-Fe which Aggregated at the dislocation zones; the other is the compounds precipitation of C, N induced by the dislocations.

The MYC oncoprotein is among the most potent regulators of cell cycle progressionand malignant transformation in human cells. Current models suggest that much ofMYC’s role in these processes is related to its ability to regulate the transcription ofdownstream target genes that encode the ultimate effector proteins. In addition to itscarboxy-terminal DNA binding and dimerization domains, an enigmatic motif in theamino terminus termed MbII is required for all of MYC’s biological activities. In spite ofhistorical observations demonstrating the absolute requirement for MbII in thesebiological functions, clues implicating this domain in target gene transcription have onlyrecently appeared. Based on this emerging link between MbII and transcriptionalactivation, we hypothesized that the identification of individual MYC targets whosetransactivation requires MbII would help define the essential downstream effectors ofMYC in transformation and cell cycle progression. In hopes of directly identifying newMbII-dependent MYC target genes, an expression profiling screen was conducted. Thisscreen resulted in our identification of 10 novel downstream targets of MYC. As a proofof principle, we recently demonstrated using RNAi-mediated depletion that one of thesetargets, the metastasis regulator MTA1, is absolutely required for MYC mediatedtransformation. Here we report the identity of these previously uncharacterized MYCtargets and discuss their potential roles in MYC function. In addition, we attempt toreconcile the historical and contemporary evidence linking MbII to transcriptionalactivation.

A genomic copy of the gene coding for chitosanase (csnA) was isolated from Aspergillus oryzae IAM 2660. A. oryzae csnA contains an open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 245 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 26,500 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence of A. oryzae csnA indicates extensive similarities to those of other fungal chitosanases.

Chitosan-degrading activity was detected in the culture fluid of Aspergillus oryzae, A. sojae, and A. flavusamong various fungal strains belonging to the genus Aspergillus. One of the strong producers, A. oryzaeIAM2660 had a higher level of chitosanolytic activity when N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) was used as a carbon source. Two chitosanolytic enzymes, 40 kDa and 135 kDa in molecular masses, were purified from the culture fluid of A. oryzaeIAM2660. Viscosimetric assay and an analysis of reaction products by thin-layer chromatography clearly indicated the endo- and exo-type cleavage manner for the 40-kDa and 135-kDa enzymes, respectively. The 40-kDa enzyme, designated chitosanase, catalyzed a hydrolysis of glucosamine (GlcN) oligomers larger than pentamer, glycol chitosan, and chitosan with a low degree of acetylation (0-30%). The 135-kDa enzyme, named exo-β-D-glucosaminidase, released a single GlcN residue from the GlcN oligomers and chitosan, but did not release GlcNAc residues from either GlcNAc oligomer or colloidal chitin.

Five new cyclopentane-condensed chromones, coniochaetones G–K (1–5), along with four known compounds—penicillone C (6), penicillanone (7), conioxanthone A (8), and pinselin (9)—were isolated from the crude extract of marine-derived fungus Penicillium oxalicum. The structures of 1–5were elucidated by NMR, MS, IR, UV, and CD spectra. Metabolites 1–5were evaluated for cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and antifouling activities.

•The supplementation with 30 % four common woody forages (MOL, FM, BP and NC) in the diet can significantly affected the growth, feed utilization, apparent digestibility and the subsequent gut ecophysiology in Nile tilapia.•Three common woody forages (MOL, FM and BP) can be used as potential aquatic feed ingredients without negative effects on growth and intestinal health in Nile tilapia.•Adding 30 % MOL to the diet could bring a positive influence on growth, feed utilization and microbiota composition of Nile tilapia.•Adding 30 % NC to the diet could bring a negative influence on growth, feed utilization and microbiota composition of Nile tilapia.

The poor drug delivery to cerebral ischemic regions is a key challenge of ischemic stroke treatment. Inspired by the intriguing blood–brain barrier (BBB)-penetrating ability of 4T1 cancer cells upon their brain metastasis, we herein designed a promising biomimetic nanoplatform by camouflaging a succinobucol-loaded pH-sensitive polymeric nanovehicle with a 4T1 cell membrane (MPP/SCB), aiming to promote the preferential targeting of cerebral ischemic lesions to attenuate the ischemia/reperfusion injury. In transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat models, MPP/SCB could be preferentially delivered to the ischemic hemisphere with a 4.79-fold higher than that in the normal hemisphere. Moreover, MPP/SCB produced notable enhancement of microvascular reperfusion in the ischemic hemisphere, resulting in a 69.9% reduction of infarct volume and showing remarkable neuroprotective effects of tMCAO rats, which was superior to the counterpart uncamouflaged nanovehicles (PP/SCB). Therefore, this design provides a promising nanoplatform to target the cerebral ischemic lesions for ischemic stroke therapy.

A gene coding for a major extracellular chitosanase was isolated from Aspergillus oryzaeIAM2660. It had a multi-domain structure composed of a signal peptide, a catalytic domain, Thr- and Pro-rich linkers, and repeated peptides (the R3 domain) from the N-terminus. The R3 domain bound to insoluble powder chitosan, but it did not promote the hydrolysis rate of the chitosanase to any extent.