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ABSTRACTTumor imaging represents an ideal environment for collecting novel biomarkers from different technologies, as patients with tumors often undergo multiple imaging studies.With the aging of the Chinese population, the number of elderly patients with gastric cancer is also increasing. In the past, patients with gastric cancer in the elderly have been conservative in whether surgical treatment can be performed, and advanced age is regarded as a relative contraindication to the effect of surgical treatment on gastric cancer patients. To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage complicated by deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients with gastric cancer. One patient with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage complicated by deep venous thrombosis, and elderly gastric cancer patients admitted to our hospital on 11 October 2020, were selected. After anti-shock symptomatic support, filter placement, prevention and treatment of thrombosis, gastric cancer eradication, anticoagulation, immune regulation, etc. Treatment and long-term follow-up observation. Long-term follow-up showed that the patient’s condition was stable, there was no sign of metastasis or recurrence after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer, and there were no serious pre- and post-operative complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding and deep vein thrombosis, and the prognosis was satisfactory. How to choose the appropriate operation timing and method for elderly gastric cancer patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and deep vein thrombosis at the same time to maximize benefits, clinical experience in this area is particularly valuable.

Gallium nitride (GaN) devices switch faster than silicon devices, making them more vulnerable to significant switching oscillations. To reduce the effect of crosstalk in GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor (GaN HEMT)-based bridges, this paper introduces a passive clamp circuit to restrain gate source voltage oscillations. Utilizing resistive and capacitive diodes, as well as diodes and transistors, a bootstrap driving circuit can be established. This circuit forms a low impedance Miller current path from the driving IC to the GaN device, which decreases the impact of both positive and negative crosstalk. Employing resistive and capacitive diodes, as well as diodes and transistors, a bootstrap driving circuit can be established. This circuit creates a low impedance Miller current path from the driving IC to the GaN device, reducing the effects of the positive and negative crosstalk. This method, which mostly uses passive components, simplifies the circuit design in comparison to other passive gate driver methods. Through dual-pulse testing with a GS661008P, its capacity to suppress positive and negative crosstalk in GaN devices has been confirmed.

The solid–liquid interfacial energy was optimized based on the nucleation potential model, aligning it more closely with the actual crystallization process. The solubility, induction time, and metastable zone width (MSZW) were determined using the favipiravir-acetonitrile system. The excellence of the nucleation potential model (N-model) and the optimization model (N(T)-model and n(T)-model) was evaluated by comparing the model-predicted MSZWs with the experimental MSZWs. The results indicated that the optimized model accuracy was enhanced by 4–7% compared to the nucleation potential model (N-model). Additionally, three systems were compared, including dicyandiamide in water (narrow MSZW), butyl paraben in ethanol (narrow MSZW), and l-ascorbic acid in water (wide MSZW). The optimized model accuracy was enhanced by 23–29, 23–29, and 51–52%, respectively. The results show that the N(T)-model and the n(T)-model have some prediction accuracy improvement for the narrow MSZW system. In addition, for the wide MSZW system, the model has significant accuracy improvement.

Understanding the nucleation behaviors is of significance to control the crystal properties. The nucleation process of ferulic acid (FA) has been investigated by measuring the solubility and metastable zone width (MSZW) in four organic solvents. Results indicated that the order of MSZW of FA was ethyl acetate > acetone > ethanol > methanol at temperatures from 293.15 to 323.15 K. To further analyze the nucleation process, the Nývlt and modified Sangwal’s models were utilized to correct MSZW data and calculate nucleation kinetic parameters, wherein interfacial energy increased with decreasing saturation temperature and rising cooling rate. The critical nucleation radius, critical Gibbs free energy, and nucleation rate were then analyzed by classical nucleation theory, resulting in the fact that critical nucleation radius and Gibbs free energy decreased with increasing chemical potential, and the nucleation rate depended on the combination of saturation temperature and chemical potential. Lastly, molecular dynamics simulation was used to evaluate the hydrogen bond interactions between FA and solvent molecules by the radial distribution function. Results indicated the same order of hydrogen bond interaction and MSZW in different solvents, suggesting that solute–solvent hydrogen bond interaction affected the MSZW and therefore nucleation behaviors of FA.

In this work, we propose a self-powered GaN-based high-performance metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD) with an asymmetrical interdigitated structure. Benefiting from the device’s asymmetrically distributed energy band characteristics between the two electrodes, the peak responsivity ( ${R}$ ) of 0.024 A/W under UV illumination corresponding to a high detectivity ( ${D}^{\ast} $ ) of $6.6\times1012$ cm $\cdot \text{W}^{-1}\,\,\cdot $ Hz1/2 (Jones) can be obtained when the device is biased at 0 V. The results show that the self-powered function of the device can be achieved by using an asymmetric interdigitated structure. We illustrate the origin of the fabricated device’s photoresponse in the absence of bias with the assistance of energy band structure analysis, which can be attributed to the energy band bending caused by the polarization effect in AlGaN/GaN heterojunction. In addition, a high peak responsivity of 115 A/W and a photocurrent ( ${I}_{{\text {photo}}}$ ) of $2.66\times 10^{-5}$ A at an applied bias voltage of 10 V was achieved. A dark current ( ${I}_{{\text {dark}}}$ ) of $1.18\times 10^{-10}$ A was also measured, giving the device a photocurrent-dark current ratio ( ${I}_{{\text {photo}}} / {I}_{{\text {dark}}}$ ) of 105. In short, the results show that the proposed self-powered GaN-based UV PD has the potential for high-sensitivity UV detection.

Deep brain regions such as hippocampus, insula, and amygdala are involved in neuropsychiatric disorders, including chronic insomnia and depression. Our recent reports showed that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with a current of 15 mA and a frequency of 77.5 Hz, delivered through a montage of the forehead and both mastoids was safe and effective in intervening chronic insomnia and depression over 8 weeks. However, there is no physical evidence to support whether a large alternating current of 15 mA in tACS can send electrical currents to deep brain tissue in awake humans. Here, we directly recorded local field potentials (LFPs) in the hippocampus, insula and amygdala at different current strengths (1 to 15 mA) in 11 adult patients with drug-resistant epilepsy implanted with stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes who received tACS at 77.5 Hz from 1 mA to 15 mA at 77.5 Hz for five minutes at each current for a total of 40 min. For the current of 15 mA at 77.5 Hz, additional 55 min were applied to add up a total of 60 min. Linear regression analysis revealed that the average LFPs for the remaining contacts on both sides of the hippocampus, insula, and amygdala of each patient were statistically associated with the given currents in each patient (p< 0.05–0.01), except for the left insula of one subject (p= 0.053). Alternating currents greater than 7 mA were required to produce significant differences in LFPs in the three brain regions compared to LFPs at 0 mA (p< 0.05). The differences remained significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons (p< 0.05). Our study provides direct evidence that the specific tACS procedures are capable of delivering electrical currents to deep brain tissues, opening a realistic avenue for modulating or treating neuropsychiatric disorders associated with hippocampus, insula, and amygdala.

• Metal oxides/carbides effects on Mo microstructure and performance are reviewed. • Design methods for the dispersion of oxides/carbides in Mo alloys are discussed. • Oxides and carbides dispersion strengthening enhance the performance of Mo. • Limitations of metal oxides and carbides dispersion strengthening are summarized. Metal oxide and carbide strengthening molybdenum (Mo) alloys have been designed as promising advanced materials in refractory metals to solve some of the core engineering problems in superalloy applications. Hence, there is a need to summarize the results obtained and evaluate the opportunities for preparing high-performance Mo alloys by strengthening metal oxides and carbides to improve the performance characteristics of Mo metal materials. This paper reviews the results of the reported work concerning the structure and properties of Mo alloys with different metal oxide and carbide strengthening methods added to Mo matrix. The influence of the doping of La 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 particles, ceramic Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 particles, and refractory TiC and ZrC carbides particles of Mo alloys are discussed. The impacts of particle morphology, size, distribution and volume fractions of oxide and carbide are analyzed, as well as the specific features of different doping techniques for obtaining high-performance Mo alloys materials. This work will guide future research on the design of high-performance refractory Mo alloys by adding oxides and carbide particles, helping to solve the core issues in the field of superalloy application research. The progress in high-performance molybdenum alloys designed by doping metal oxides and carbides is reviewed. The emphasis is to provide the latest understanding of different oxides and carbides as well as doping technologies for obtaining advanced alloy materials. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcium cyanamide was synthesized by the twice calcination of calcium oxide and urea which was different from the traditional calcium carbide method. Including reaction time, reaction temperature, and reaction molar ratio, the more suitable reactions were explored, which improved the utilization of urea and yield of calcium cyanamide. The phenomenon of visco-wall during the reaction process was alleviated by adding sodium chloride, and this effect was explained at the micro level. The chemical bond and weight change of the main byproducts and intermediate products in the reaction process were characterized systematically. A reaction model between urea and calcium oxide was constructed based on density functional theory (DFT), which complemented the reaction conditions and characterization results. Finally, the reaction mechanism between urea and calcium oxide was proposed.

Precise manipulation of cancer cell death by harnessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a promising strategy to defeat malignant tumors. However, it is quite difficult to produce active ROS with spatial precision and regulate their biological outcomes. We succeed here in selectively generating short-lived and lipid-reactive hydroxyl radicals (•OH) adjacent to cancer cell membranes, successively eliciting lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. DiFc-K-pY, a phosphorylated self-assembling precursor that consists of two branched Fc moieties and interacts specifically with epidermal growth factor receptor, can in situproduce membrane-bound nanofibers and enrich ferrocene moieties on cancer cell membranes in response to alkaline phosphatase. Within the acidic tumor microenvironment, DiFc-K-pY nanofibers efficiently convert tumoral H2O2to active •OH around the target cell membranes via Fenton-like reactions, leading to lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis with good cellular selectivity. Our strategy successfully prevents tumor progression with acceptable biocompatibility through intratumoral administration.

In view of the traditional enterprise financial data exception recognition methods, such as low recognition precision and long recognition time, a deep belief network is put forward. Based on the depth of the enterprise's financial data anomaly identification method, the distributed data collection method, selection of enterprise financial data mining, and correlation analysis are adopted, according to the financial data sample information entropy, to divide the financial data flow. According to the extraction results, use the deep belief network to build a financial data anomaly recognition model. The financial data of enterprises are input into the abnormal identification model of financial data to identify the status of financial data. Experimental results show that this method has higher recognition accuracy and shorter recognition time.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO−) is a biological oxidant that is related to numerous physiological and pathological processes. An overdose of ONOO−is the cause of various serious diseases. Some evidence demonstrates that mitochondria are the major sites of ONOO−production. Therefore, monitoring mitochondrial ONOO−is important to understand the related pathological processes in living systems. Herein, a colorimetric and far-red fluorescent sensing probe (PCPA) for the determination of ONOO−was constructed based on a dicyanoisophorone skeleton using dimethylphosphorothionate as the recognition group and pyridine salt as the mitochondrion-targeting unit. PCPAshowed a far-red fluorescence response to ONOO−accompanied by a distinct color change from colorless to yellow viathe ONOO−induced deprotection of dimethylphosphorothionate. In addition, PCPA exhibited a large Stokes shift (200 nm), high selectivity detection and high sensibility (LOD = 39 nM). Furthermore, PCPA was successfully employed for imaging ONOO−and tracing ONOO−in mitochondria. PCPA presents a new recognition group and has potential applications in the biology field.

The mercury ion (Hg2+) has hindered society to some extent due to its high biological toxicity, and a rapid method for Hg2+detection is urgently needed. In the present work, two fluorescent probes, YF-Hgand YF-Cl-Hg, were developed. YF-Cl-Hgwas produced by introducing an electron-withdrawing substituent (–Cl) into the structure of YF-Hg. The probe YF-Cl-Hgpossesses a larger Stokes shift and a more pronounced UV-vis absorption redshift compared to YF-Hgin a pH = 7.4 environment. The reasons for the superior spectral performance of YF-Cl-Hgover YF-Hgwere explored by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, the good biocompatibility suggests that YF-Cl-Hgpossesses the potential to be a tool for Hg2+detection in cells.

An ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD) applying the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the AlGaN/GaN interface with AlGaN symmetrical interdigital structure is designed. The Ti/Al/Ti/Au metal stack is fabricated on the AlGaN interdigital structure for ohmic contacts. The interdigital AlGaN/GaN heterostructure assists to enhance the polarization electric field in the GaN absorption layer. The increased polarization electric field in the GaN absorption layer can facilitate the separation of electrons and holes, and also enhance the transport of the photogenerated carriers. The polarization-enhanced physical mechanism of the AlGaN/GaN 2DEG UV PD is systematically explored by the theoretical simulations. As a result, the designed UV PD exhibits a broadband characteristic with response spectra from 300 to 365 nm and a cutoff wavelength of 365 nm in accordance with the bandgap wavelength of GaN. The normalized photocurrent-to-dark current ratio (NPDR) of $1.31\times 10^{{9}}\,\,\text{W}^{-{1}}$ is measured at 10 V.

Deep mining stress increase and thick hard rock layer endowment drive rock body fissure expansion, leading to sudden fracture of the roof plate accidents. The roof slab of 11,129 working face in Zhangji Mine is a 16 m thick sandstone composite roof slab, whose compressive strength reaches 89.8 MPa. The hardness of the roof slab is high, its bearing capacity is high, and it is difficult to collapse. The hardness of the roof plate is high, its bearing capacity is high, and it is difficult to fall. If the roof plate does not fall in time, it will lead to the energy accumulation of itself, and the sudden fracture and fall will make the working face and the two roadways show the drastic mine pressure, which will lead to the risk of the coal wall appearing the slice of gangs, the roof falling and the pressure frame. Therefore, for the 11,129 working face thick hard sandstone roof plate direct cover and mining technology conditions. It is very necessary and imperative to research the artificial roof release technology of deep hole pre-cracking blasting to improve the adventitious fall of the thick hard roof plate, reduce the overhanging roof area of the mining hollow area, and reduce the incoming pressure strength of the roof plate. This paper adopts the research method combining theory, physical experiment, numerical simulation and field test, focusing on research and analysis of the deflection change of the roof plate after pre-cracking and blasting, the relationship between the roof plate and the role of the bracket, and the effect of artificial blasting to release the roof. The results show that the theoretical part deduces and analyzes the relationship equation of the influence of the rotating and sinking of the roof plate on the pressure of the support, and combined with the law of the roof plate-support action can be divided into three stages: (1) Initial stage of mining, (2) Rotating and sinking stage, and (3) Breakdown and fragmentation stage. The deep stress increase and the rock layer's own characteristics (hardness and thickness) are the main controlling factors to determine the bearing capacity of the stent. As the depth of coal mining increases, the pressure at the minimum roof control distance of the stent gradually increases from 11.5 to 34.6 MPa. The increase of rock hardness relatively reduces the force acting on the stent, and the stent bearing capacity decreases by 75% when the hardness increases from 8 to 32 GPa. The 11,129 engineering geological parameters are brought into the calculation to obtain the pressure in the stent control distance of 13.5–20.5 MPa. The simulation part analyzes the stress relief degree of the roof plate before and after the roof blasting, and the peak stress in front of the coal wall is reduced from 46.7 to 30.9 MPa, which is an obvious effect of pressure relief, and the simulation results are analyzed in comparison with the theoretical results to validate the reliability of the simulation results. Further, the physical similarity experiments were conducted to analyze the deformation behavior of mining instability and crack evolution characteristics of the overburden rock of the quarry after cutting the roof, and the peak stress of the coal wall was in the range of 22.7–27.8 MPa after the blasting decompression, which was mutually verified with the theoretical analysis and the simulation results to ensure the reliability of the calculation results. Combined with the geological conditions of the mine area, the "fan-shaped" blasting hole arrangement is proposed to carry out segmental blasting, and the specific parameters of different locations of the holes are given. The effect of pre-cracking blasting was examined, and it was found that the rock mass at the hole opening had a high degree of fragmentation, and the ring and strike cracks appeared alternately in the middle and lower part of the drilling holes, and the polygonal energy slit played a very effective role, and achieved the purpose of artificially releasing the roof. At the same time, it is improved the load-bearing environment of the mining support, which further improves the safety and efficiency production of the coal mine.

The development of novel vaccine adjuvants is essential for the production of modern vaccines against infectious agents and cancer. We recently reported a supramolecular hydrogel of a self-assembling D-tetra-peptide named Nap-GDFDFDY (Gel-gffy) that can evoke potent humoral and cellular immune responses; however, the determinants of its immunostimulatory properties were not characterized. In this study, we show that the amino acid sequence of the peptide determines the adjuvant potency of Gel-gffy. We designed and synthesized five Gel-gffy variants (Sol-gfgy, Sol-ggfy, Gel-gffg, Gel-gfyf, and Gel-gyff) by substituting the phenylalanine and tyrosine to glycine or changing the position of the tyrosine in the parent d-tetra-peptide. First, we characterized their gelation properties, nanomorphology, and secondary structure using transmission electron microscopy and circular dichroism; next, we examined their immunostimulatory properties. Gel-gfyf, Gel-gyff and Gel-gffy markedly upregulated maturation marker expression on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Moreover, the Gel-gfyf-, Gel-gyff- or Gel-gffy-encapsulated ovalbumin (OVA) vaccine induced robust humoral and cellular immune response in vivo. Notably, Gel-gffy had the strongest immunostimulatory activity. Our findings demonstrate that both the position and number of aromatic amino acids are crucial in determining the adjuvant potency of Gel-gffy, thus providing a valuable insight into designing peptide hydrogels as vaccine adjuvants.

Elaborate nanoarchitectured solid/liquid interface design of felt electrodes is arguably the most effective pathway to promote the pore-level transport-reaction processes of redox flow batteries. Herein, we conceive a new type of nanocatalytic-layer-architectured graphite felt via introducing the vertically standing carbon nanosheet-confined Bi nanodots onto carbon fiber surfaces. The vertically standing carbon nanosheets construct a nanoporous layer with straight channels for vanadium ion shuttling, where highly dispersed Bi nanodots are stiffly confined to afford abundant active sites. The vanadium redox flow battery utilizing the rationally designed electrodes achieves an energy efficiency of 89% at 150 mA cm–2, which is substantially higher than those of raw felt (61%) and oxidized felt (77%). Also, the battery with the present electrode maintains an energy efficiency of over 73% even at 400 mA cm–2, showing the excellent capability of withstanding fast charging and discharging. The multiphysics simulation shows that the vertically standing architecture optimizes the vanadium ion accessibility to the solid/liquid interfaces and thus maximizes the catalytic activity. Moreover, the battery can sustain more than 1000 cycles without obvious efficiency decay, confirming the superb stability of the present electrode. These encouraging results indicate that engineering vertically standing structures with tailored compositions may open up new avenues for advancing the flow battery technology.

We reported the synthesis of a tris(triazolylmethyl)amine (TTA)-bridged organosilane, functioning as Cu(I)-stabilizing ligands, and the installation of this building block into the backbone of mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (TTASi) by a sol–gel way. Upon coordinating with Cu(I), the mesoporous CuI-TTASi, with a restricted metal active center inside the pore, functions as a molecular-sieve-typed nanoreactor to efficiently perform Cu(I)-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions on small-molecule substrates but fails to work on macromolecules larger than the pore diameter. As a proof of concept, we witnessed the advantages of selective nanoreactors in screening protein substrates for small molecules. Also, the robust CuI-TTASi could be implanted into the body of animal models including zebrafish and mice as biorthogonal catalysts without apparent toxicity, extending its utilization in vivoranging from fluorescent labeling to in situdrug synthesis.

Uniparental embryos derived from only the mother (gynogenetic [GG]) or the father (androgenetic [AG]) are unique models for studying genomic imprinting and parental contributions to embryonic development. Human parthenogenetic embryos can be obtained following artificial activation of unfertilized oocytes, but the production of AG embryos by injection of two sperm into one denucleated oocyte leads to an extra centriole, resulting in multipolar spindles, abnormal cell division, and developmental defects. Here, we improved androgenote production by transferring the male pronucleus from one zygote into another haploid androgenote to prevent extra centrioles and successfully generated human diploid AG embryos capable of developing into blastocysts with an identifiable inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE). The GG embryos were also generated. The zygotic genome was successfully activated in both the AG and GG embryos. DNA methylome analysis showed that the GG blastocysts partially retain the oocyte transcription-dependent methylation pattern, whereas the AG blastocyst methylome showed more extensive demethylation. The methylation states of most known imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were recapitulated in the AG and GG blastocysts. Novel candidate imprinted DMRs were also identified. The production of uniparental human embryos followed by transcriptome and methylome analysis is valuable for identifying parental contributions and epigenome memory transitions during early human development.

The induction times at supersaturations of 1.15–1.24 and the metastable zone widths (MSZWs) with cooling rates of 6.0–30.0 K/h have been determined in the system of dicyandiamide and water. A model based on the accumulation of nucleation potential, derived from the classical nucleation theory, has been applied to estimate the critical nucleation potential and pre-exponential factor. The estimated values based on the experimental induction times or based on the experimental MSZWs were fairly consistent with each other. The pre-exponential factor was assumed to be constant in the model, while the modifications of the pre-exponential factor, dependent on the supersaturation, have been introduced to the model for more consistent between the estimations based on the induction time and the MSZW.

Disturbance of glucose metabolism may be implicated in cognitive deficits of schizophrenia in its early phases. Many studies have reported the important role of widespread disruption of white matter (WM) connectivity in pathogenesis, cognitive deficit and psychopathology of schizophrenia. However, no study has investigated their inter-relationships in drug-naive first episode (DNFE) patients with schizophrenia. Glucose metabolism parameters including fasting glucose, insulin and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, cognitive performance on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and the voxel-wised WM fractional anisotropy (FA) values were examined using DTI in 39 DNFE schizophrenia and 31 control subjects. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was utilized for clinical symptoms. The patients showed significantly greater fasting plasma levels of glucose and insulin and HOMA-IR, and poorer cognitive scores, together with widespread reduced FA values in five brain areas, including left and right corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, posterior thalamic radiation, and corona radiata (all p?

A comprehensive understanding of the failure behavior and mechanism of coal is a prerequisite for dealing with dynamic problems in mining space. In this study, the failure behavior and mechanism of coal under uniaxial dynamic compressive loads were experimentally and numerically investigated. The experiments were conducted using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. The results indicated that the typical failure of coal is lateral and axial at lower loading rates and totally smashed at higher loading rates. The further fractography analysis of lateral and axial fracture fragments indicated that the coal failure under dynamic compressive load is caused by tensile brittle fracture. In addition, the typical failure modes of coal under dynamic load were numerically reproduced. The numerical results indicated that the axial fracture is caused directly by the incident compressive stress wave and the lateral fracture is caused by the tensile stress wave reflected from the interface between coal specimen and transmitted bar. Potential application was further conducted to interpret dynamic problems in underground coal mine and it manifested that the lateral and axial fractures of coal constitute the parallel cracks in the coal mass under roof fall and blasting in mining space.

The proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase PIM3 plays critical roles in cancer, and it has been extensively exploited as a drug target. Here, we investigated the quantitative changes in the cellular proteome and phosphoproteome in liver cancer cells overexpressing PIM3 to obtain a better understanding of the regulatory functions of PIM3 and the underlying molecular mechanisms. This work depicted the landscape of gene expression and protein phosphorylation potentially regulated by PIM3. A signaling network analysis showed that PIM3 may coordinate various cellular processes, for example, signal transduction, cell cycle, apoptosis, and so forth. Intriguingly, quantitative phosphoproteomics revealed that the PIM3 overexpression elevated the phosphorylation of multiple Rho GTPase modulators that target RhoA, a central modulator of cell movement. Further investigations confirmed that PIM3 activated RhoA to subsequently regulate cytoskeletal rearrangements and cell migration. Taken together, this study comprehensively mapped the proteome and phosphoproteome regulated by PIM3 and revealed its role in promoting liver cancer cell migration and invasion by modulating Rho GTPase signaling.

In this paper, a magnetic core–shell composite with MgNi2FeO4.5nanotubes as core and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as shell was synthesized by in situ growth of CNTs on the surface of MgNi2FeO4.5nanotubes via a catalytic chemical vapor deposition method. The MgNi2FeO4.5nanotubes were prepared using a mixed aqueous solution of Mg(NO3)2, Ni(NO3)2and Fe(NO3)3(molar ratio of 1:2:1) and anodic aluminum oxide as template. Both the growth temperature and time of CNTs brought about effect on the structure and magnetic property of the composite were investigated. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope, Raman spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer were used to characterize the as-prepared samples. The MgNi2FeO4.5nanotubes are parallel arranged, and the exterior surface of which is wrapped by CNTs when the growth temperature exceeding 480 °C. Magnetic measurement demonstrates the composite with higher growth temperature and shorter growth time possesses more excellent magnetic property.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are common mental disorders in individuals experiencing traumatic events. To date, few studies have studied the relationship between genetic basis and phenotypic heterogeneity of traumatized individuals. The present study examined the effects of four FKBP5SNPs (rs1360780, rs3800373, rs9296158, and rs9470080) in four postdisaster groups (low symptom, predominantly depressive, predominantly PTSD, and combined PTSD-depression symptom groups) as identified by latent profile analysis.Methods: A total of 1,140 adults who experienced the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake participated in our study. Earthquake-related trauma, PTSD, and depressive symptoms were measured using standard psychometric instruments. The four FKBP5SNPs were genotyped using a custom-by-design 2 × 48-Plex SNP scan™ Kit.Results: After adjusting for covariates, the main and gene–environment interaction effects of rs9470080 were all significant when the combined PTSD-depression group was compared with the low symptoms, predominantly depression and predominantly PTSD groups. rs9470080 TT genotype carriers had a higher risk of developing high co-occurring PTSD and depression symptoms than the C allele carriers. However, when trauma exposure was severe, the TT genotype carriers and C allele carriers did not differ in the risk of developing high co-occurring PTSD and depressive symptoms. The other three SNPs demonstrated no significant effects. Moreover, the rs3800373-rs9296158-rs1360780-rs9470080 haplotype A-G-C-T was found significantly associated with combined PTSD-depression symptoms.Conclusion: Our findings support the genetic basis of phenotypic heterogeneity in people exposed to trauma. Furthermore, the results reveal the possibility that the variants of FKBP5gene may be associated with depression-PTSD comorbidity.

Cancer immunotherapies based on cytotoxic CD8+T lymphocytes (CTLs) are highly promising for cancer treatment. The specific interaction between T-cell receptors and peptide-MHC-I complexes (pMHC-I) on cancer cell membranes critically determines their therapeutic outcomes. However, the lack of appropriate endogenous antigens for MHC-I presentation disables tumor recognition by CTLs. By devising three antigen-loaded self-assembling peptides of pY-K(Ag)-ERGD, pY-K(Ag)-E, and Y-K(Ag)-ERGD to noncovalently generate light-activatable supramolecular antigens at tumor sites in different manners, we report pY-K(Ag)-ERGD as a promising candidate to endow tumor cells with pMHC-I targets on demand. Specifically, pY-K(Ag)-ERGD first generates low-antigenic supramolecular antigens on cancer cell membranes, and a successive light pulse allows antigen payloads to efficiently release from the supramolecular scaffold, directly producing antigenic pMHC-I. Intravenous administration of pY-K(Ag)-ERGD enables light-controlled tumor inhibition when combined with adoptively transferred antigen-specific CTLs. Our strategy is feasible for broadening tumor antigen repertoires for T-cell immunotherapies and advancing precision-controlled T-cell immunotherapies.

•The study developed an animal model of Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia (CIH)•CIH activated Oxidative Stress (OS) inhearts, increased ROS, and up-regulated TRPC5.•TRPC5 is related to OS, the imbalance of Ca2+homeostasis, and myocardial injury.

China’s crop structure has undergone significant changes in the last two decades since 2000, with an increase in the share of cereals, vegetables, and fruit, squeezing out other crops. The land productivity, nutrient supply and carbon emissions also changed as a result. How to reallocate limited farmland among crops to achieve the multiple goals of agrifood systems becomes an important issue. This study explores the sources of land productivity and nutrition supply growth and carbon emissions reduction and identifies the multiple roles of crop structural change during 2003 to 2020 based on a decomposition analysis. The results reveal that the growth within crops is still the major driver in the growth of land productivity and nutrition supply, and carbon emissions reduction. However, structural change also plays various roles at different periods. During 2003 to 2010, crop structural change increased the total calorie supply, but lowered land productivity and contributed at least 70% of the total growth of carbon emissions. The crop structure was relatively stable, and their effects were modest during 2010 to 2015. During 2015 to 2020, the crop structural change began to play a greater role and generate synergistic effects in improving land productivity, micronutrients supply and reducing carbon emissions, with the contribution to approximately a quarter of the growth of land productivity and the 30% of total carbon emissions reduction. These results implicate that crop structural change strategy should comprehensively consider its multiple impacts and try to achieve co-benefits and reduce trade-offs.

To investigate how the micro-mechanism of multi-component gas injection affects the process of retrieving methane, a combination of density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulation method has been conducted under different gas injection ratios of CO2and N2. The results of DFT demonstrate that the adsorption energy of the gas molecules over bituminous coal fragment are in order of CO2> CH4> N2. Independent gradient model analyses show that the Van der Waals interactions are the dominant force contributing to these three adsorption behaviors. To gain further insight into the influence of functional groups on CH4adsorption, the radial distribution function analyses have been performed. It was found that oxygen-containing functional groups have a substantial impact on the adsorption of CH4on coal molecules. Among these, CH4preferentially adsorb around the hydroxyl group of coal molecule. Moreover, density profiles of the three gas molecules within nanopores demonstrate that CO2molecules cause CH4molecules to desorb by molecular swapping. In contrast, N2slows down CH4adsorption spontaneity by lowering CH4partial pressure. Furthermore, it should be noted that increasing the proportion of CO2in the gas mixture system can significantly improve the displacement efficiency of CH4. Conversely, the diffusion coefficient becomes small. The microscopic mechanism revealed in the present work helps us gain a better understanding of gas displacement processes, which provides new insights for optimizing gas injection compositions for field applications.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries are anticipated to succeed lithium-ion batteries as the upcoming generation of eco-friendly energy storage systems due to their high safety profile and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, the development of aqueous zinc ion batteries has been impeded by obstacles such as Zn dendrites, hydrogen evolution reaction, corrosion, and passivation of the Zn anode. Researchers have used various strategies to address the problems faced by Zn anodes, including the construction of artificial interface protection layers, development of functional separators, optimisation of electrolyte additives, and zinc alloying. Among them, an idea called ion-confinement effect can be easily extracted from them. With the ion-confinement effect, the passage of zinc ions through the specific structure of the material can be regulated, resulting in uniform zinc ion flux and a dendrite-free anode. This review systematically summarises the application of ion-confinement effect in the construction of artificial interface coatings and functional separators, and then discusses in detail the mechanism of ion-confinement effect in various materials, including carbon materials, inorganic materials, 3-dimensional framework materials, biomass-based materials and polymers. Finally, an outlook on the development of ion-confinement interaction is given.

A terahertz metamaterial resonator consisting of two rectangular strips embedded in a closed-ring resonator is designed and investigated in this paper that can simultaneously generate the classical electromagnetically induced transparency effect and two Fano resonance modes. The formation of the transparent window and the Fano dips can be attributed to the coupling of the localized resonance modes between the closed-ring resonator and the two embedded rectangular strips. The effect of embedded rectangular strip sizes on the transmitted performance is discussed, and it is found that the resonant performance of the transparent window and Fano effect depends mainly on the length of the rectangular strips in the longitudinal direction. Based on this, two different device applications related to the embedded rectangular strips are discussed. The metamaterial proposed here could open up new avenues toward the control of terahertz waves in many technology-related areas.

Previous studies have indicated that glucose metabolism and altered hippocampal structure and function play a pivotal role in cognitive deficits in schizophrenia (SZ). This study was designed to explore the inter-relationship between glucose metabolism, hippocampal subfield volume, and cognitive function in the antipsychotics-naive first episode (ANFE) SZ patients.

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have high comorbidity with metabolic syndrome (MetS), although anxiety is prevalent comorbidity in MDD patients. However, there is no study on anxiety symptoms (AS) in MDD patients with MetS. Therefore, we aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of AS in patients with MetS who experienced a first-episode and drug naïve (FEDN) of MDD.

Upon fertilization, drastic chromatin reorganization occurs during preimplantation development1 . However, the global chromatin landscape and its molecular dynamics in this period remain largely unexplored in humans. Here we investigate chromatin states in human preimplantation development using an improved assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq)2 . We find widespread accessible chromatin regions in early human embryos that overlap extensively with putative cis-regulatory sequences and transposable elements. Integrative analyses show both conservation and divergence in regulatory circuitry between human and mouse early development, and between human pluripotency in vivo and human embryonic stem cells. In addition, we find widespread open chromatin regions before zygotic genome activation (ZGA). The accessible chromatin loci are readily found at CpG-rich promoters. Unexpectedly, many others reside in distal regions that overlap with DNA hypomethylated domains in human oocytes and are enriched for transcription factor-binding sites. A large portion of these regions then become inaccessible after ZGA in a transcription-dependent manner. Notably, such extensive chromatin reorganization during ZGA is conserved in mice and correlates with the reprogramming of the non-canonical histone mark H3K4me3, which is uniquely linked to genome silencing3–5. Taken together, these data not only reveal a conserved principle that underlies the chromatin transition during mammalian ZGA, but also help to advance our understanding of epigenetic reprogramming during human early development and in vitro fertilization. By applying an optimized ATAC-seq protocol to human early embryos, distinct accessible chromatin landscapes are found before and after zygotic genome activation, revealing a marked epigenetic transition during zygotic genome activation and putative regulatory elements wiring human early development.

A gradually stepped CdS–Mn/MoS2/CdTe/TiO2quaternary photocatalyst is successfully synthesized by a reliable and effective method. The as-synthesized CdS–Mn/MoS2/CdTe/TiO2photocatalyst showed excellent improvement for visible-light absorption and the separation efficiency of photoinduced electron–hole pairs. The CdS–Mn/MoS2/CdTe/TiO2photoelectrode exhibits optimum visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity in photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunoassay of tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC) and producing hydrogen (H2) out of water, and a linear range of 2 pM to 100 nM, a low detection limit (3 S/N) of 1.02 pM and a H2evolution rate of 10.165 mL cm−2h−1are obtained. The excellent photocatalytic activities are attributed to the synergetic effects of CdS–Mn, MoS2, CdTe and TiO2nanophase structures in the CdS–Mn/MoS2/CdTe/TiO2composites, which result in a step-wise-mechanism-assisted fast separation and slow recombination of photoinduced electron–hole pairs and thereby higher photocatalytic activity. The electrochemical impedance spectra and the significant enhancement of photocurrent responses indicated that the stepwise structure of band-edge levels dramatically facilitated the electron transfer in the CdS–Mn/MoS2/CdTe/TiO2nanocomposite electrode. The CdS–Mn/MoS2/CdTe/TiO2photoelectrode was demonstrated to be effective for photoelectrochemical sensing of trace environmental pollutants in water samples and solar H2generation out of water.

Our previous study has shown the cingulate cortex abnormalities in first-episode drug naïve (FEDN) schizophrenia patients with comorbid depressive symptoms. However, it remains largely unknown whether antipsychotics may induce morphometric change in cingulate cortex and its relationship with depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study was to further clarify the important role of cingulate cortex in the treatment on depressive symptoms in FEDN schizophrenia patients.

Z-pinning technology is applied to composite T-joints in this paper to explore the strengthening mechanisms. The structural properties of T-joints with skin thickness values at 2 and 4 mm were determined under stiffener tensile load. The results revealed that the initial failure strength and failure modes of T-joints were affected by the thickness of skin. Under stiffener tensile load, the actual stress situation of Z-pin tends to be complicated with the deflection of skin. As a result, a mixed mode I/II stress condition exists at the delamination crack tip during tensile loading, and an enhanced frictional zone is located near the delamination surface. When the deflection of skin is indispensable, the snubbing effect acts as a significant factor to strengthening. As the pullout process of pins from the flange is limited by snubbing, pins could fail by split. This paper discusses the strengthening mechanism of Z-pinning and elaborates a potential enhancing effect of Z-pins resulting from the complicated loading condition due to different structure dimensions.

For the car sequencing(CS) problem, the drawbacks of the “sliding windows” technique used in the objective function have not been rectified, and no high quality initial solution has been acquired to accelerate the improvement of the solution quality. Firstly, the objective function is improved to solve the double and bias counting of violations broadly discussed. Then, a new method combining heuristic with constraint propagation is proposed which constructs initial solutions under a parallel framework. Based on constraint propagation, three filtering rules are designed to intersecting with three greedy functions, so the variable domain is narrowed in the process of the construction. The parallel framework is served to show its robustness in terms of the quality of the solution since it greatly increases the performance of obtaining the best solution. In the computational experiments, 109 instances of 3 sets from the CSPLib’s benchmarks are used to test the performance of the proposed method. Experiment results show that the proposed method outperforms others in acquiring the best-known results for 85 best-known results of 109 are obtained with only one construction. The proposed research provides an avenue to remedy the deficiencies of “sliding windows” technique and construct high quality initial solutions.

Iron ore sintering is an important part during the ironmaking process, and a large amount of SO2is also generated. Our previous research shows that it is an effective way to reduce SO2content of flue gas by adding urea to a special sintering material zone position. In this paper, the mechanism of selective desulphurization by adding urea during the iron ore sintering was carried out. The results show that 88.14 % desulphurization rate was obtained with the addition of 0.05 % urea particles at 100 mm height from the feed bottom. During the sintering process, when drying zone reached the added position of urea, large amounts of NH3were generated by urea decomposition, and then reacted with SO2to produce (NH4)2SO4in the wetting zone. With the accumulated desulphurization reactions during the sintering, the low SO2emission in the flue gas was achieved. Moreover, the addition of urea in the bottom zone avoided the ammonia present in the sintering ore and promoted the urea utilization efficiency.

Constructing a three-phase interface to balance the multi-scale physicochemical processes is crucial for high-efficiency electrochlorination degradation of organic wastewater, which remains largely underexplored. Herein, we demonstrate a nanopore-network-regulated Ru-MnO2catalyst embodying an array of three-phase catalytic interfaces for enhancing the activation and transport processes. The key points lie in tailoring accessible surfaces with atomic-scale Ru sites and mesoscale commuting networks for fast species diffusion as well as structure-derived superaerophobic surfaces. The synergy of these features promotes the high generation of Cl2and subsequently fast departure, facilitating the transition of bubbles from a gas/solid interface into a liquid/solid interface, which availably mitigates the barrier effect, boosts blending of reaction species in wastewater, and yields high degradation efficiency and economic benefits compared with commercial Pt anodes. Furthermore, we envision that the scale-up prototype demonstration will pave the way for large-scale environmental remediation and other aqueous production processes.

Nicotine's rewarding effects are mediated through distinct subunits of nAChRs, encoded by different nicotinic cholinergic receptor (CHRN) genes and expressed in discrete regions in the brain. In the present study, we aimed to test the associations between rare variants at CHRNgenes and nicotine dependence (ND), and alcohol dependence (AD). A total of 26,498 subjects with nine different neuropsychiatric disorders in 15 independent cohorts, which were genotyped on Illumina, Affymetrix, or PERLEGEN microarray platforms, were analyzed. Associations between rare variants (minor allele frequency (MAF) <0.05) at CHRNgenes and nicotine dependence, and alcohol dependence were tested. The mRNA expression of all Chrngenes in whole mouse brain and 10 specific brain areas was investigated. All CHRNgenes except the muscle‐type CHRNB1, including eight genomic regions containing 11 neuronal CHRNgenes and three genomic regions containing four muscle‐type CHRNgenes, were significantly associated with ND, and/or AD. All of these genes were expressed in the mouse brain. We conclude that CHRNsare associated with ND (mainly) and AD, supporting the hypothesis that the full catalog of ND/AD risk genes may contain most neuronal nAChRs‐encoding genes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

•Triple‑band tunable terahertz metamaterial absorber using goggles-like (GL) structure is reported.•It is formed by two identical VO2square frames connected by a VO2horizontal connecting strip.•Three discrete frequency points with near-perfect absorption and tunable properties are realized.•Its amplitude could be dynamically modulated by utilizing phase transition properties of VO2.•The modulation depth (MD) and extinction ration (ER) of the absorption device are discussed.

Constructing active sites with enhanced intrinsic activity and accessibility in a confined microenvironment is critical for simultaneously upgrading the round-trip efficiency and lifespan of all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) yet remains under-explored. Here, we present nanointerfacial electric fields (E-fields) featuring outstanding intrinsic activity embodied by binary Mo2C–Mo2N sublattice. The asymmetric chemical potential on both sides of the reconstructed heterogeneous interface imposes the charge movement and accumulation near the atomic-scale N–Mo–C binding region, eliciting the configuration of an accelerator-like E-field from Mo2N to Mo2C sublattice. Supported with theoretical calculations and intrinsic activity tests, the improved vanadium ion adsorption behavior and charge-transfer process at the nanointerfacial sites were further substantiated, hence expediting the electrochemical kinetics. Accordingly, the pronounced promotion is achieved in the resultant flow battery, yielding an energy efficiency of 77.7% and an extended lifespan of 1000 cycles at 300 mA cm–2, outperforming flow cells with conventional single catalysts in most previous reports.

Due to the significance and universality of dielectric polarization, a quantitative assessment of this phenomenon is crucial for the sake of whether to avoid or exploit it. While triboelectrification and electrostatic induction have a direct relationship with dielectric polarization, there has been no prior work on bridging triboelectrification and dielectric polarization. To investigate the dielectric polarization effect, a dielectric-adjustable nanogenerator is built and the interplay of dielectric constant, electrical output, and surface charge is thoroughly investigated. After confirming the occurrence of self-polarization and polarization reversal during device operation, the surface charge accumulation and decay times are studied to understand the impact of dielectric polarization on prolonging the charge decay time and shortening the charge accumulation time, which are responsible for the device electrical output. Consequently, the feasibility of using the dynamic behavior of surface charge to quantify dielectric polarization is systematically studied.

Innovative methods for engineering cancer cell membranes promise to manipulate cell–cell interactions and boost cell-based cancer therapeutics. Here, we illustrate an in situapproach to selectively modify cancer cell membranes by employing an enzyme-instructed peptide self-assembly (EISA) strategy. Using three phosphopeptides (pY1, pY2, and pY3) targeting the membrane-bound epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and differing in just one phosphorylated tyrosine, we reveal that site-specific phosphorylation patterns in pY1, pY2, and pY3can distinctly command their preorganization levels, self-assembling kinetics, and spatial distributions of the resultant peptide assemblies in cellulo. Overall, pY1is the most capable of producing preorganized assemblies and shows the fastest dephosphorylation reaction in the presence of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as the highest binding affinity for EGFR after dephosphorylation. Consequently, pY1exhibits the greatest capacity to construct stable peptide assemblies on cancer cell membranes with the assistance of both ALP and EGFR. We further use peptide–protein and peptide–peptide co-assembly strategies to apply two types of antigens, namely ovalbumin (OVA) protein and dinitrophenyl (DNP) hapten respectively, on cancer cell membranes. This study demonstrates a very useful technique for the in situconstruction of membrane-bound peptide assemblies around cancer cells and implies a versatile strategy to artificially enrich cancer cell membrane components for potential cancer immunotherapy.