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Angiogenesis plays a critical role in many pathological processes, including irreversible blindness in eye diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity. Endothelial mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo constant fusion and fission and are critical signalling hubs that modulate angiogenesis by coordinating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and calcium signalling and metabolism. In this study, we investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics in pathological retinal angiogenesis. We showed that treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; 20 ng/ml) induced mitochondrial fission in HUVECs by promoting the phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1). DRP1 knockdown or pretreatment with the DRP1 inhibitor Mdivi-1 (5 μM) blocked VEGF-induced cell migration, proliferation, and tube formation in HUVECs. We demonstrated that VEGF treatment increased mitochondrial ROS production in HUVECs, which was necessary for HIF-1α-dependent glycolysis, as well as proliferation, migration, and tube formation, and the inhibition of mitochondrial fission prevented VEGF-induced mitochondrial ROS production. In an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model, we found that active DRP1 was highly expressed in endothelial cells in neovascular tufts. The administration of Mdivi-1 (10 mg·kg−1·d−1, i.p.) for three days from postnatal day (P) 13 until P15 significantly alleviated pathological angiogenesis in the retina. Our results suggest that targeting mitochondrial fission may be a therapeutic strategy for proliferative retinopathies and other diseases that are dependent on pathological angiogenesis.

The hexagonal cell topology of planar SiC VDMOSFETs with varied JFET width (LJFET) are designed and manufactured in this study. L ${_{\text {JFET}}} = 1.4\mu $ m has the best HF-FOM (R ${_{\text {on}}} \times $ Cgd) and HF-FOM (R ${_{\text {on}}} \times $ Qgd) by comparing the dynamic and static parameters of each design. Besides, the UIS reliability and failure mechanism for series designs are investigated by experiment and TCAD simulation. The results show that the high temperature is generated by energy dissipation during avalanche and it drives the parasitic BJT conduction, causing Ids out of control and instantaneous heat concentration in a very short time. The extremely high temperature causes internal cracking of the material and metal melting, resulting in gate-source short circuit and device damage. It would provide suggestions for device design and reliability consideration.

The heart produces bioelectrical signals, which can be measured as an electrocardiogram (ECG) for the detection of rhythm disturbances. Rapid and precise detection of these arrhythmias is crucial for their termination by closed‐looped therapeutic interventions to counteract detrimental effects. However, there is a current lack of such systems tailored for experimental cardiovascular applications. This hampers not only in‐depth mechanistic studies but also translational testing of new therapeutic strategies, especially in an untethered manner in awake animal models. To break new ground, recent advances to develop a non‐invasive AI‐supported heart rhythm monitoring system for untethered automated arrhythmia detection in a continuous manner is combined. This system is housed in a lightweight jacket for mobile use and includes an on‐skin ECG sensor, a low‐power microprocessor unit, a massive data storage unit, and a power‐management system. By implementing a novel hybrid algorithm based on so‐called heart rate (R‐R) variability and a case‐specific AI model, 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity is achieved in detecting atrial arrhythmias within 2 s upon initiation in adult rats. Thereby, the novel system sets the stage for advanced mechanistic studies and therapeutic testing, including closed‐loop applications aiming for the termination of a broad range of atrial arrhythmias. Here a non‐invasive, untethered heart rhythm monitoring system is presented allowing swift automated arrhythmia detection for testing new closed‐loop therapeutic interventions in awake animals. This system uses case‐specific AI for fast and specific detection of all atrial arrhythmias, thereby allowing immediate actuator activation for closed‐loop arrhythmia termination.

Background: Uricase (Uox) is a major drug in gout and a supplementary drug in cancer treatment. Because allergic reactions caused by Uox limit its clinical application,10% Co/EDTA was used to chemically modify Uox from A. flavus to reduce its immunogenicity. Methods: The immunogenicity of Uox and 10% Co/EDTA-Uox was examined by determining the antibody titer and concentration of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-β in quail and rat serum. Moreover, we examined the pharmacokinetics of 10% Co/EDTA-Uox in rats and acute toxicity in mice. Results: The concentration of UA decreased from 771.85 ± 180.99 to 299.47 ± 20.37 μmoL/L (p<0.01) in the hyperuricemia model of quails injected by 10% Co/EDTA-Uox. Two-way immuno- diffusion electrophoresis revealed that 10% Co/EDTA-Uox did not produce antibody, whereas the antibody titer against Uox was 1:16. The concentrations of four cytokines in the 10% Co/EDTA-Uox group were significantly lower than in Uox group (p < 0.01); The titer of IgG and IgM against 10% Co/EDTA-Uox was significantly lower than that against Uox at different serum dilutions (p < 0.0001). The pharmacokinetic data indicated that the half-life time of 10% Co/EDTA- Uox (69.315 h) was significantly longer than that of Uox (13.4 h) (p<0.01). The tissue section of the liver, heart, kidney, and spleen revealed no toxicity in Uox and 10% Co/EDTA- Uox groups. Conclusion: 10% Co/EDTA-Uox possesses little immunogenicity, a long half-life time, and a highly efficient degradation of UA.

Herein, cobalt and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (Co–N-CDs) were fabricated viaa one-pot hydrothermal approach. The obtained Co–N-CDs displayed peroxidase-like activity and fluorescence properties. It could catalyze the oxidization of guaiacol (GA) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and thus, resulted in color change, accompanied by a new absorption peak in 470 nm. Owing to the inner filter effect, the oxidized product of GA (known as 2-PQ) largely absorbed the Co–N-CD fluorescence which was excited at 380 nm. Such changes in absorbance and fluorescence intensity were H2O2concentration-dependent. Specifically, H2O2could be generated by glucose oxidase to catalyze the oxidation of glucose, and thus, a colorimetric and fluorimetric sensor for glucose was established with high selectivity and excellent sensitivity. After the optimization of experimental conditions, this colorimetric sensor has a good linear range from 2 to 100 μM for glucose and the detection limit was 1.16 μM. Besides, the linear relationship between the fluorescence quenching value (ΔF) and the glucose concentration (0.4–40 μM) was obtained with a detection limit of 0.18 μM. Meanwhile, the proposed sensor has also been successfully applied for glucose detection in human serum samples, and the results were consistent with those of the standard method.

In order to remedy the deficiency of application of bar code that needs artificial intervention in automotive manufacture, we propose a solution to integrate Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system in the original enterprise information system based on Web service. Distributed real-time data of welding, lacquer covering and assembly workshops in the automotive manufacture are collected, that are used in the enterprise information system to provide more productions information for management. Firstly, the architecture of integrating the RFID system and the Manufacturing Execution System (MES) in automotive manufacture is given, that is focused on the RFID system network, the Middleware and the Application Gateway. Finally, web service implementation is designed to integrate RFID system in enterprise information system.

Crack inspection of bridges is indispensable to maintain the public traffic safety. It is conventionally carried out by specialists through visual inspection manually. Considering the efficiency and security, digital image processing technique is used to inspect the bridges. After analyzing many representative images of cracks, this paper presents the particular region feature, gray value feature and contour feature of cracks on the bridges’ surface and obtains hundreds of cracks’ feature values. We select some representative data to identify cracks from images according to these cracks’ feature values. The software has been developed to distinguish whether cracks exist in an image, and to extract automatically the existent cracks by means of MATLAB. We present experimental results obtained to prove these methods.

Silver(I) (3) and palladium(II) (4) complexes of 1,2-bis[(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)amino]ethane have been synthesized and structurally characterized. X-ray crystal structure analysis reveals that compound 3 exists as a dinuclear tris(ligand) complex with formula [Ag2(2)3]·2NO3, in which each silver center is three-coordinate to form a slightly distorted planar-trigonal geometry with three nitrogen donors originating from two distinct ligands. Compound 4, on the other hand, is a mononuclear bis(ligand) complex with formula [Pd(2)2]·2OAc, in which the palladium center is four-coordinate with four nitrogen donors originating from two distinct ligands to form a square-planar geometry. In crystals of both 3 and 4 strong intermolecular edge-to-face C–H···π packing interactions are observed, which contribute to stabilize the crystalline solid. Studies of the photophysical properties of these compounds (3, 4, and ligand 2) show apparent fluorescence quenching effect by introduction of metal ions and likely “excimer” emission of anthracene in the crystalline solid. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)

Hexagonal boron nitride (BN) is often used as filler to improve the thermal conductivity of polymer matrix due to its high thermal conductivity. However, previously reported BN-based composites always have a high in-plane thermal conductivity, which is not beneficial for vertical heat dissipation. In addition, high BN content results in the deterioration of the mechanical properties. Here, we report a feasible method to prepare a BN/silicone rubber (SiR) composite with oriented BN in organosilicon matrix via a vacuum-assisted self-assembly technique. The BN/SiR composite displays a 1270% higher (2.74 W/(m·K)) thermal conductivity than that of neat organosilicon matrix (0.20 W/(m·K)). The oriented BN nanosheets increase the polymer's adhesive force and exhibit excellent compression cycle performance. In turn, these features support its superiority as thermal interface material in the light-emitting diode chips heat dissipation application.

An implanted light source coupled with local gene therapy generates an automated shock-free system to treat atrial fibrillation in rats.