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Background: Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their high affinity receptors (FGFRs) play a major role in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. Aberrant FGFR signaling pathway might accelerate development in a broad panel of malignant solid tumors. However, the full application of most existing small molecule FGFR inhibitors has become a challenge due to the potential target mutation. Hence, it has attracted a great deal of attention from both academic and industrial fields for hunting for novel FGFR inhibitors with potent inhibitory activities and high selectivity. Objective: Novel 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as FGFR inhibitors. Methods: A series of 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl derivatives were established by a condensation of the suitable formyl acetonitrile derivatives with either hydrazine or hydrazide derivatives in the presence of anhydrous ethanol or toluene. The inhibitory activities of the target compounds were screened against the FGFRs and two representative cancer cell lines. Tests were carried out to observe the inhibition of 8e against FGFR phosphorylation and downstream signal phosphorylation in human gastric cancer cell lines (SNU-16). The molecular docking of all the compounds were performed using Molecular Operating Environment in order to evaluate their binding abilities with the corresponding protein kinase. Results: A series of 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl derivatives have been designed and synthesized, screened for their inhibitory activities against FGFRs and cancer cell lines. Most of the target compounds showed moderate to good anti-proliferate activities against the tested enzymes and cell lines. The most promising compounds 8e suppressed FGFR1-3 with IC50 values of 56.4, 35.2, 95.5 nM, and potently inhibited the SNU-16 and MCF-7 cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.71 1.26 μM, respectively. And 8e inhibited the growth of cancer cells containing FGFR activated by multiple mechanisms. In addition, the binding interactions were quite similar in the molecular models between generated compounds and Debio-1347 with the FGFR1. Conclusion: According to the experimental findings, 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl might serve as a promising template of an FGFR inhibitor.

A series of di-substituted cinnamic hydroxamic derivatives was designed, synthesized and evaluated as HDAC inhibitors. Compound 5f (HS270) demonstrated potent HDAC inhibitory and antiproliferative activities. In xenograft model, 5f showed significant antitumor efficacy in tumorbearing mice.

DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are important regulators of gene transcription and their roles in carcinogenesis have been a topic of considerable interest in the last few years. Diverse classes of chemical compounds including nucleotide analogues, adenosine analogues, aminobenzoic derivatives, polyphenols, hydrazines, phthalides, disulfides and antisenses are being discovered and evaluated as DNMT inhibitors targeting DNA hypermethylation. Among them, 5-Azacytidine 5 and Decitabine 6 were launched recently. Several other compounds are under clinical trials. Some of these compounds were discovered from structure-based drug design. These compounds exert their DNA methylation inhibitory by different mechanisms. This review will present a brief account of various DNA methyltransferases and their biological functions, with focus on actuality of design and synthesis of various inhibitors of DNA hypermethylation as anticancer drugs.

Polo‐like kinase 1 (PLK1) has been shown to be involved in cell cycle progression of rapidly proliferating, nontransformed cells as well as tumor cells. In cancer, overexpression of PLK1 contributes to the malignant state by aberrant cell cycle regulation at the G2/M phase. We attempted to validate PLK1 function in cell‐based assays using antisense oligonucleotide knockout approaches. Our own results and published findings of other groups have led to the conclusion that PLK1 is a logical point for pharmacological intervention. HTS campaigns performed against the recombinant PLK1‐protein led to the identification of two PLK1 inhibitory scaffolds, one containing a 7‐azapteridine ring system, the other a fused tetracyclic ketone system. These compounds showed low micromolar antiproliferative activity towards SW620, a human colon cancer cell line, most likely through cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Our data suggest that PLK1 may serve as a target for discovering small molecule anticancer agents. Drug Dev. Res. 62:349–361, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Cycloaddition of imines with homophthalic anhydride in the presence of BF 3leads to the transisomers of isoquinolonic acids with a high stereoselectivity and avoids the formation of homophtalic amides. This catalyst extends the scope of the reaction to imines which did not react under previously described conditions.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are emerging new molecular targets for cancer therapy. Small-molecule HDAC inhibitors have been developed and shown to induce tumor cell cytostasis, differentiation and apoptosis in experimental models and efficacy in clinical trials in various hematological malignancies following intravenous and/or oral administration. SB939 is a novel HDAC inhibitor with improved metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties compared to other HDAC inhibitors currently in clinical trials1. The objective of this study was to characterize the anti-tumor efficacy of SB939 in preclinical models of hematological malignancies. SB939 selectively inhibits HDAC class I and II isozymes, with Ki values ranging from 16 to 247 nM. It inhibited the proliferation of cell lines from various haematological malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma with IC50 values ranging from 80 nM to 200 nM. It induced cell cycle arrest leading to apoptotic cell death in tumor cell lines as well as primary cells isolated from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). SB939 has excellent pharmacokinetic properties and tolerability after oral administration in mice1. The oral anti-tumor efficacy of SB939 was evaluated in models of AML (MV4-11) and lymphoma (Ramos) with the tumors grown subcutaneously in nude mice. After daily oral treatment at 50mg/kg (21 days for MV4-11; 14 days for Ramos), SB939 significantly reduced tumor growth in both models (%TGI values were 116% and 100% respectively in MV4-11 and Ramos). In the MV4-11 model, SB939 induced complete tumor regression, in 6/10 mice. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that SB939 is a potent, orally active anti-tumor drug with potential for the treatment of various types of hematological malignancies. 1Kanda Sangthongpitag, Haishang Wang, Pauline Yeo, Liu Xin, Evelyn Goh, Lee Sun New, Peizi Zeng, Xiaofeng Wu, Changyong Hu, Tony Ng and Kantharaj Ethirajulu. ADME attributes of SB939, a best-in-class HDAC Inhibitor, and its PK/PD correlation in the Pharmacological Species. EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics Prague Congress Centre, 2006, Nov 7–10; Prague, Czech Republic, Abstract number 166

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are emerging new molecular targets for cancer therapy. Small-molecule HDAC inhibitors have been developed and shown to induce tumor cell cytostasis, differentiation and apoptosis in experimental models and efficacy in clinical trials in various hematological malignancies following intravenous and/or oral administration. SB939 is a novel HDAC inhibitor with improved metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties compared to other HDAC inhibitors currently in clinical trials1. The objective of this study was to characterize the anti-tumor efficacy of SB939 in preclinical models of hematological malignancies. SB939 selectively inhibits HDAC class I and II isozymes, with Kivalues ranging from 16 to 247 nM. It inhibited the proliferation of cell lines from various haematological malignancies, including leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma with IC50values ranging from 80 nM to 200 nM. It induced cell cycle arrest leading to apoptotic cell death in tumor cell lines as well as primary cells isolated from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). SB939 has excellent pharmacokinetic properties and tolerability after oral administration in mice1. The oral anti-tumor efficacy of SB939 was evaluated in models of AML (MV4-11) and lymphoma (Ramos) with the tumors grown subcutaneously in nude mice. After daily oral treatment at 50mg/kg (21 days for MV4-11; 14 days for Ramos), SB939 significantly reduced tumor growth in both models (%TGI values were 116% and 100% respectively in MV4-11 and Ramos). In the MV4-11 model, SB939 induced complete tumor regression, in 6/10 mice. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that SB939 is a potent, orally active anti-tumor drug with potential for the treatment of various types of hematological malignancies. 1Kanda Sangthongpitag, Haishang Wang, Pauline Yeo, Liu Xin, Evelyn Goh, Lee Sun New, Peizi Zeng, Xiaofeng Wu, Changyong Hu, Tony Ng and Kantharaj Ethirajulu. ADME attributes of SB939, a best-in-class HDAC Inhibitor, and its PK/PD correlation in the Pharmacological Species. EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics Prague Congress Centre, 2006, Nov 7–10; Prague, Czech Republic, Abstract number 166

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.