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Bacterial and fungal necromass in soil showed opposite trends with rice growth.The contribution of GRSP increased but ASs decreased to SOC with rice growth.Microbial residues were mainly influenced by living microbial biomass.

Climate warming has significant effects on rice quality. However, the effects of warming on starch structure, rice flour pasting properties, and cooked rice texture are unclear in double rice cropping systems. Therefore, a free‐air temperature increase experiment was conducted with two indicarice cultivars. The objectives of this study were to explore the changes in rice flour pasting properties and cooked rice texture under warming conditions and their relationships with starch structures. Under warming conditions, rice starch had a lower amylose content (Peak 3) and proportion of long amylopectin branch chains (B3 chains) but a higher proportion of short amylopectin branch chains (A chains and B1 chains), amylopectin branching degree, relative crystallinity, ratio of 1045/1022 cm−1, and swelling power. Compared to the control treatment, warming significantly increased the peak viscosity, breakdown, and pasting temperature but decreased the setback of rice flour. Moreover, the hardness of cooked rice was significantly decreased, while its stickiness was significantly increased under warming conditions. The changes in starch molecular structures resulted in lower hardness and setback but a higher stickiness, peak viscosity, breakdown, and pasting temperature of cooked rice or rice flour, which means better eating quality and worse cooking quality of double‐cropped indicarice under climate warming conditions. These findings are expected to provide important information for improving rice cooking and eating quality and developing the rice industry under future climate warming conditions.

Conductive polymer hydrogels (CPHs) hold significant promise in broad applications, such as bioelectronics and energy devices. Hitherto, the development of a facile and scalable synthesis method for CPHs with high electrical conductivity and biocompatibility has still been a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate highly conductive PPy–PEDOT:PSS hybrid hydrogels which are prepared by a simple solution-mixing method. This fabrication method involves the mixing of a pyrrole monomer with a PEDOT:PSS dispersion, followed by in situchemical oxidative polymerization to form polypyrrole (PPy). The electrostatic interaction between negatively charged PSS and positively charged conjugated PPy facilitates the formation of PPy–PEDOT:PSS hybrid hydrogels. The conductivity of the PPy–PEDOT:PSS hybrid hydrogels is 867 S m–1. The PPy–PEDOT:PSS hybrid hydrogels show excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, the PPy–PEDOT:PSS hybrid hydrogels have a hierarchical porous structure which facilitates the 3D cell culture within the hydrogels. The PPy–PEDOT:PSS hybrid hydrogels exhibit excellent in situbiomolecular detection and real-time cell proliferation monitoring performance, indicating their potential as highly sensitive electrochemical biosensors for bioelectronics applications. Our strategy for the fabrication of CPHs with the electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged conductive polymer and positively charged conductive polymer would provide new opportunities for the design of highly conductive conjugated hydrogels for bioelectronics applications and energy devices.

The rapid development of soft wearable electronics raises an ever-growing demand for power sources with both built-in stretchability and sustainability. Herein, highly stretchable and self-chargeable supercapacitors were fabricated by using graphene-coated elastic styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene electrodes and KNN/PVA/H3PO4-based piezoelectric electrolytes. The as-designed supercapacitor shows not only a high biaxial stretchability up to 300%, but also an intriguing self-charging performance by harnessing and transforming ambient mechanical energy into electricity in a persistent pattern. This highly stretchable device can be finally charged to about 1.0 V by pure palm patting for 300 s (2 Hz) or 0.8 V by repeated stretching for 40 s (1 Hz). Such a stretchable design enables the integration of such supercapacitors with soft/stretchable electronics as an energy collectable, self-rechargeable and sustainable power source for a compact and reasonable structure.

A series of 1-H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide derivatives have been designed and synthesized that exhibit excellent FLT3 and CDK inhibition and antiproliferative activities. A structure–activity-relationship study illustrates that the incorporation of a pyrimidine-fused heterocycle at position 4 of the pyrazole is critical for FLT3 and CDK inhibition. Compound 50(FN-1501), which possesses potent inhibitory activities against FLT3, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 with IC50values in the nanomolar range, shows antiproliferative activities against MV4-11 cells (IC50: 0.008 μM), which correlates with the suppression of retinoblastoma phosphorylation, FLT3, ERK, AKT, and STAT5 and the onset of apoptosis. Acute-toxicity studies in mice show that compound 50(LD50: 186 mg/kg) is safer than AT7519 (32 mg/kg). In MV4-11 xenografts in a nude-mouse model, compound 50can induce tumor regression at the dose of 15 mg/kg, which is more efficient than cytarabine (50 mg/kg). Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of this unique compound for further development into a drug applied in acute-myeloid-leukemia (AML) therapeutics.

Using the technique of Microfabrication, such as deep silicon dry etching, lithography, etc. Si‐PIN neutron detectors with porous microstructure have been successfully fabricated. In order to lower the leakage current, the key fabrication processes, including the Al windows opening, deep silicon etching and the porous side wall smoothing, have been optimized. The cross‐section morphology and current–voltage characteristics have been measured to evaluate the microfabrication processes. With the optimized conditions presented by the measurements, a neutron detector with a leakage current density of 2.67 μA cm−2at a bias of −20 V is obtained. A preliminary neutron irradiation test with 252Cf neutron source has also been carried out. The neutron irradiation test shows that the neutron detection efficiency of the microstructured neutron detectors is almost 3.6 times higher than that of the planar ones.