Search

Fixation of carbonyl sulfide (COS) into the sulfur-containing polymer has received much attention due to its unique features. In this study, air-stable and easily synthesized iron(III) aminotriphenolate complexes (APFe) in conjunction with onium salt have been successfully employed for copolymerizing COS with propylene oxide, generating perfectly alternating poly(propylene monothiocarbonate)s (PPMTCs) with a high regioregularity of >99% tail-to-head content. When using bis(triphenylphosphine) iminium chloride (PPNCl) as a cocatalyst, copolymerization gave PPMTCs in outstanding catalytic efficiency of turnover frequency (TOF) up to 128,500 h–1within 6 min at 80 °C. No oxygen/sulfur atom exchange reaction has occurred at an elevated temperature even up to 100 °C. Notably, the APFe/PPNC binary catalyst exhibits excellent tolerance to a range of impurities including CO, CO2, dried air, N2, and water.

Semantic segmentation of remote sensing images has attracted much attention for its wide applications. While deep learning models have shown impressive performance in this task, challenges arise when applying them to data from other domains without fine-tuning, due to domain gaps. Domain adaptation (DA) has emerged as a solution to bridge this gap. Existing works mainly focus on unsupervised DA (UDA), which lags far behind fully supervised models. However, active DA (ADA) methods focused on natural images face challenges when applied to remote sensing images due to pronounced domain gaps and error unawareness problems. In this work, we propose a novel error-aware DA framework for remote sensing imagery semantic segmentation, called EasySeg, via interactive learning and active learning. First, we introduce a point-level labeling strategy, named “See-First-Ask-Later” (SFAL), combining both interactive and active learning manners, allowing obvious errors and information-rich pixels to be annotated easily and efficiently. Then, we introduce an interactive semantic segmentation network (ISS-Net), which can perform automatic semantic segmentation and interactive refinement. Based on the acquired target point-level labels, ISS-Net generates dense and accurate pseudo-labels to enhance DA performance through retraining with consistency regularization. Comprehensive experiments on two tasks demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art ADA methods in terms of overall accuracy (OA), mean accuracy (MA), $F1$ score, and mean intersection of union (mIoU) with lower labeling costs, even surpassing some fully supervised models. The source code of EasySeg is freely available at https://github.com/Yangliangzhe/EasySeg.

ABSTRACTOpenStreetMap (OSM) as one of the most successful projects of Volunteered Geographical Information (VGI) has attracted millions of contributors to work together and produces massive open geographical data. However, the co-work does not always run smoothly since mapping can involve conflicted understandings of the reality. In this paper, we investigate behaviors of mapping related to territorial disputes to reveal the characteristics of contributions and examine the contradictions between ground truth as the vision of OSM and the theory of critical cartography. We perform our experiments from the perspectives of entities, changesets, and contributors using the full history data of OSM. The experiments show that territorial-dispute-related contributions have substantially different characteristics from various aspects but they cannot be treated as outliers either, considering that most contributors do not focus on disputed boundaries. Interpreting OSM data as a converging state to ground truth or equally opinions can both be inaccurate. We also find that mapping disputes may not be absolutely negative in a VGI project.

Endometrial decidualization is the foundation of a healthy pregnancy. Mitochondrial dysfunction is an independent cause of disease for energy-intensive organs. Mitochondrial homeostasis plays a key role in the differentiation processes of many cell types. We showed increased activation of mitophagy (mitochondrial autophagy) in the decidua compared with proliferative or secretory endometrium. To better comprehend the mechanisms underlying healthy conception, understanding the mechanism of endometrial stromal cell decidualization is of great importance. Here, we artificially induced decidualization of a human endometrial stromal cell line (T HESCs) and characterized subsequent activation of mitophagy using immunofluorescence assay, electron microscopy and Western blot assay. Knockdown of autophagy-related 9A (ATG9A) led to an obvious reduction of mitophagy and deficiencies in decidualization. Our findings demonstrate a key role for proper mitochondrial dynamics in decidual differentiation and identify ATG9A-mediated mitophagy as a novel therapeutic target for repeated implantation failure or recurrent abortion.

Abstract: In hyperlink analysis, most researchers focus on interpreting hyperlink counts, they seldom concern themselves enough about the significance of spatial distribution of hyperlinks. In this paper, we argue that not only can the inlink count to a tourist attraction’s official website reflect its attractiveness, but also the spatial distribution of its inlinks can reflect the distribution of its tourist source markets. Three mountains in Anhui Province, China, are chosen for the case study. Firstly, the correlation between the spatial distributions of an attraction’s tourist source markets and its official website’s inlinks is investigated. Secondly, the tourism indexes such as the spatial concentration index (SCI) and the attraction radius (AR), which are calculated by inlinks, are compared to the real indexes based on tourist sources. Last, the detailed discussion and analysis are presented and an improved model, which is used to calculate the distribution of inlinks, is proposed.