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Background:The school-based food and nutrition guidelines approach has the potential to combat undernutrition, overnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies among children and adolescents and set the foundation for a healthy adult lifestyle. Aim:To critically compare the Nutrition Friendly School Initiative (NFSI) of the World Health Organization (WHO) with the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) and the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) guidelines to gauge the strengths and limitations. Additionally, to summarize the existing studies on implementing school food and nutrition guidelines. Methods:Policy documents of the above guidelines were critically evaluated, and narrative analysis was conducted. An electronic search was conducted for full-text research articles published in the English language between January 2007 to September 2021 in Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases. Results:Upon critical comparison of the three guidelines, it was found that the NFSI and FSSAI guidelines shared similarities in many components and the FSSAI guidelines, if implemented adequately, could improve the school food environment and combat the triple malnutrition burden in India. After screening the articles based on the eligibility criteria, 11 studies were included in the preparation of the review. Studies reported partial or inadequate implementation and poor compliance with the guidelines or approach. A few studies identified barriers to guideline implementation. Conclusion:Implementation of school food and nutrition guidelines could improve the nutritional outcomes in children and adolescents. To sustain the effective implementation, adequate resources and preparedness are essential in low-and middle-income countries, including India.

There is an accumulating body of evidence indicating a strong association between inflammation and the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF) in different ethnicities across the globe. AFincreases the risk of stroke and heart failure. Despite various researches on IL‐10response, there is limited clinical evidence present, which demonstrate a role of these immunity regulators in AF. Therefore, this study was designed to decipher the role of IL‐10(‐592A/C)polymorphism in the development of postoperative AF(post‐OP AF). The study was designed for north Indian patients. The study included 90 patients with AFand 126 controls in sinus rhythm undergoing surgery at Department of Cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, India. DNAsamples were genotyped for common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in gene IL‐10(‐592A/C). The PCR‐based RFLPtechnique was used to assess the genotype frequencies. The multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to study the association of other risk factors with AF. The distribution of IL‐10(‐592A/C)genotypes (CC,AC, and AA) was found to be 48.41%, 47.61%, and 3.98% in controls and 41.11%, 45.55%, and 13.34% in cases, respectively (P= .0385). The frequency of allele A in cases was significantly higher than the control group (36.11% vs 27.77%, P= .0654). Compared with CC,AAgenotype had increased risk of AFin both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. This study suggests that IL‐10(‐592A/C)polymorphism may have significant association with post‐OP AFdevelopment in north Indian patients.

Iron oxide colloidal nanocrystals (ferrofluids) are investigated for application in the treatment of cystic fibrosis lung infections, the leading cause of mortality in cystic fibrosis patients. We investigate the use of iron oxide nanocrystals to increase the effectiveness of inhalation aerosol antibiotics therapy through two mechanisms: directed particle movement in the presence of a static external magnetic field and magnetic hyperthermia. Magnetic hyperthermia is an effective method for decreasing the viscosity of the mucus and biofilm thereby increasing drug, immune cell, and antibody penetration to the affected area. Iron oxide nanocrystals of various sizes and morphologies were synthesized and tested for specific losses (heating power) using frequencies of 111.1 kHz and 629.2 kHz, and corresponding magnetic field strengths of 9 and 25 mT. Nanocrystals in the superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic size range exhibited excellent heating power. Additionally, iron oxide-zinc selenide core-shell nanoparticles were prepared in parallel in order to allow imaging of the iron oxide nanoparticles.